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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1929

10. When the appointment of a Public Analyst is submitted for the Minister's approval, particulars of the appointment should be given on a form to be obtained from the Department.

15

Abstract

10. When the appointment of a Public Analyst is submitted for the Minister's approval, particulars of the appointment should be given on a form to be obtained from the Department.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 31 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1999

Robert M. Blackburn

Investigates the possible social causes of unemployment; focuses on how competition among employers can increase and perpetuate already high levels of unemployment. Starts from…

2907

Abstract

Investigates the possible social causes of unemployment; focuses on how competition among employers can increase and perpetuate already high levels of unemployment. Starts from the premise that, despite divergent attitudes, most industrialized nations make some collective provision for the unemployed, with firms ultimately bearing the costs. Describes how, although a firm may reduce its labour force to save money, it is ultimately, albeit collectively, paying the costs of unemployment via taxes to the State ‐ the main effect is to redistribute the costs to other organizations; depicts a resulting downward spiral in the economy. Looks at the relationships between increased productivity and the costs to society. Concludes that competitive unemployment is a reality and suggests possible solutions.

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International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 19 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1931

A resemblance not merely superficial exists between August, 1914, and November, 1931. A rapid orientation in our national outlook marks both dates. Imminence of national disaster…

29

Abstract

A resemblance not merely superficial exists between August, 1914, and November, 1931. A rapid orientation in our national outlook marks both dates. Imminence of national disaster was and is the cause in both cases. The analogy may perhaps be pressed a step further if the quickness and the certainty of national response be considered. The introduction by a National Government of universal military service in 1914 has an analogue in the introduction by a National Government of the Abnormal Imports Act of 1931. At this point the analogy would seem to end. The crisis of 1914 demanded the mobilisation of the man power of the country in many fields of activity to prevent the threat to our existence as a nation from being put into execution. In 1931 with a similar threat to our existence the strongest government of all time is content to avail itself of only part of the power that would willingly be placed at its disposal and to discourage the rest. Perhaps we may be permitted to express the hope that so far as duration may be concerned the analogy will also fail. We cannot afford to take four years over this matter. For some time past the nation has been “a beggar on horseback,” and during the last ten years it has made a considerable amount of progress in the direction towards which beggars in that position are popularly supposed to be riding. Progress in this direction has been much aided, if not accelerated, by means of a strong and increasingly developed inferiority complex whereby it appeared to us that anyone could do anything much better than we could do it ourselves, and we were, under its influence, rapidly becoming on the one hand merely agents for foreign manufacturers, the products of whose fields or factories were being distributed on the other hand to people whose purchasing power, owing to excessive taxation and other causes, was rapidly diminishing. In spite of the results of the general election we still seem to be in a large measure deficient in healthy optimism, that belief in our own powers which is usually a condition of success. It has apparently become necessary to assure an English audience that an English hen can lay as good an egg as a Russian or Chinese hen. May we add the further information that English bacon is the best in the world. That plums are grown best at Pershore and strawberries in Kent and Hampshire. That we thoroughly despise the fear that was publicly and gravely expressed by a public man that if we attempted to set our house in order by means of a protective tariff the dreadful foreigner would retaliate and even go to war with us over the matter.

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British Food Journal, vol. 33 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1998

John Duff

Explains that current public health policy puts so much emphasis on food and nutrition because the single largest cause of death is nutrition‐related, and also because it is…

816

Abstract

Explains that current public health policy puts so much emphasis on food and nutrition because the single largest cause of death is nutrition‐related, and also because it is easier for a government to promote public health through nutrition than to address ailing health infrastructures or get to grips with adult literacy. Reports, however, the gaps in health equality between different socio‐economic and ethnic groups, and across gender and age. Discusses cultural expectations of a meal and the ideal body. Infers that the higher educational level a person has, the more likely they are to be thin and to occupy a higher place in a hierarchical social structure. Suggests that more food is consumed as snacks – a triumph for mass production, marketing and advertising. Defines what is meant and understood by diet, and evaluates good and bad food. Focuses briefly on traditional food exchanges in Western Samoa and on the use of olive oil in the traditional Mediterranean diet. Indicates that choice of food may be a result of production processes rather than consumer pressure. Explores also the social and cultural interactions of meal times and the role women’s emancipation has played in changing household food and meals. Points out that the lowest socioeconomic groups favour informal takeaways, while the highest socioeconomic groups prefer formal meals out, and, therefore, that the distribution of health and illness is shaped by cultural, social, economic and political forces.

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International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 18 no. 7/8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 4 January 2016

Cristina Cuerno-Rejado and Alejandro Sanchez-Carmona

The purpose of this study of which this work is only the first part, is the development of conceptual design tools to perform an optimized design of the rear fuselage and tail…

311

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study of which this work is only the first part, is the development of conceptual design tools to perform an optimized design of the rear fuselage and tail surfaces. The development of a new and extensive database of transport aircraft and an analysis of certain general, rear fuselage and horizontal stabilizer parameters of the aircraft are presented in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach

In addition to the development of a comprehensive high accurate database, linear and non-linear correlations between different parameters of the aircraft have been established. Data were analyzed using comparison criteria between aircraft database based on the mission, the number of engines installed or arrangement of the tail surfaces.

Findings

It has been possible to obtain very relevant, linear and non-linear correlations for critical design parameters to optimize the design of the rear fuselage and horizontal tail.

Research limitations/implications

In the case of the tail cone, the data have not yielded significant correlations. On the other hand, there are some regressions that do not work well in some cases and for which it would be good to further expand the database.

Practical implications

Results obtained greatly improve the existing methods for conceptual design, which usually pay no attention to the rear part of the aircraft. Besides, these new procedures are adapted to different categories of aircraft, allowing greater optimization of the designs.

Originality/value

The novel contribution of this work is focused on the development of a new high-fidelity database and includes many more aircraft than any other work previously released. Also, new correlations, linear and non-linear, additional parameters not considered in previous studies, and differentiated by category of aircraft studies are provided.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology: An International Journal, vol. 88 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1999

Katy Cigno, Greta Bradley and Tony Ellingham

Discusses attempts by the government’s political opposition (in the UK) to break the consensus on welfare and considers whether the recent change in political power has materially…

1253

Abstract

Discusses attempts by the government’s political opposition (in the UK) to break the consensus on welfare and considers whether the recent change in political power has materially altered the direction of policy relating to care in the community and the role of social workers. Charts the development of the British welfare state from its conception in 1945 through to the present day, focussing on recent reforms in community care provisions and the role of social workers; details how the profession has been undermined by a series of events and profiles the former government’s response. Identifies that the welfare role of social workers has diminished, and been replaced with a social control function. Concludes that, despite the legacy inherited from the previous government, a shift in the political approach to social services and community care provision is discernible.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 19 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1915

According to a report issued by the Director of the Chemical Laboratory of the Department of Police in Berlin which has reached the Journal of the American Medical Association

62

Abstract

According to a report issued by the Director of the Chemical Laboratory of the Department of Police in Berlin which has reached the Journal of the American Medical Association, some interesting exhibitions of German “culture” in the matter of food frauds have been afforded during the war. We do not know the origin or the justification (if any) of the ancient proverb that there is “honour among thieves.” Evidently, however, even this form of “honour,” if it exists, does not exist among the Huns, since the criminal in the German lines is hocussed by the huckster‐criminal in the German fake‐shop. One of the articles supplied to stimulate the Hun in the doing of those deeds of Hunnish valour peculiar to himself is known as “solid alcohol,” advertised as a substitute for familiar alcoholic beverages, and consisting of cubes of gelatin to which brandy and sugar are supposed to have been added before the mixture has solidified. The directions are to pour hot water on these cubes, whereupon one obtains a sweetish fluid, weak in alcohol, and possessing the objectionable flavour of glue. The longer the cubes are kept the greater is the tendency of the alcohol originally present to disappear by evaporation, so that the supposedly invigorating “solid brandy,” never at any time a representative product, becomes weaker and weaker in alcoholic strength. In some cases the cubes have been replaced by collapsible tubes of semi‐gelatinous mixtures containing some brandy and advertised for use in the same way with hot water. The price of two‐ounce tubes varies from 25 to 35 cents. The alcohol content has gradually been reduced by the manufacturers, and one firm went so far as to introduce brandy substitutes and substances of a “peppery” nature to simulate the “warmth” of a dose of brandy. Painful lesions about the mouth have been reported by Germans on the march who were unable to wash out the disgusting mixture that was sent to them by their friends. Other “substitutes” for alcoholic beverages were found to consist of cubes of sugar coloured with coal‐tar dyes mixed with tartaric acid. Grosslv adulterated coffee and cocoa have likewise been supplied in tablet form. One popular brand was sold at the rate of 12 marks per pound. Coffee has been often replaced by chicory mixed with sugar. 500,000 kilograms of cocoa husks found their way into the market in Hamburg alone. Tablets alleged to be made of dried milk, but being nothing of the kind, have been sent in enormous quantities.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 17 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2005

Hugh V. McLachlan

Relativism, at least in some of its forms, is antithetical to sociology as traditionally practiced and conceived. (See, for instance, Benton and Crabb, 2001, pp.50‐74 and 93‐1006;…

984

Abstract

Relativism, at least in some of its forms, is antithetical to sociology as traditionally practiced and conceived. (See, for instance, Benton and Crabb, 2001, pp.50‐74 and 93‐1006; Collins 1996a; Mann, 1998; Murphy, 1997; and Taylor‐Gooby, 1994). Hence, sociologists should consider abandoning traditional sociology or rejecting relativism. An example of the sort of relativism I have in mind is the philosophical theory that the truth and falsity of propositions is relative to the social context of their promulgation. Such epistemological relativism is expressed by Newton‐Smith when he says: “The central relativist idea is that what is true for one tribe, social group or age might not be true for an other tribe, social group or age” (Newton‐Smith, 1982, p.107).

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International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 25 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Book part
Publication date: 1 May 2019

Gregg A. Stevens, Martin Morris, Tony Nguyen and Emily Vardell

Health science librarians occupy a unique place in librarianship, guiding healthcare professionals and the public to quality sources of medical research and consumer health…

Abstract

Health science librarians occupy a unique place in librarianship, guiding healthcare professionals and the public to quality sources of medical research and consumer health information in order to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. A broader impact of health sciences librarianship is its advocacy for improvements in public health. In recent years, health science librarians have been actively involved in advocating for adequate, responsive, and culturally competent health care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals. Health sciences librarians have advocated for LGBTQ+ individuals through a variety of specialized outreach projects to address health disparities found in the LGBTQ+ community such as HIV/AIDS, women’s health, or substance abuse, have collaborated with public health agencies and community-based organizations to identify health disparities and needs, and have implemented outreach to address these needs.

This chapter maps the landscape of health sciences librarian outreach to LGBTQ+ people. The authors develop this theme through case studies of health science librarians providing health information to the LGBTQ+ community and healthcare professionals. Following an overview of advocacy for LGBTQ+ health by the US National Network of Libraries of Medicine and professional information organizations, they conclude the chapter by discussing the “pioneering” nature of these projects and the common threads uniting them, and by identifying the next steps for continued successful outreach through the development of an evidence base and tailoring of outreach and resources to address other demographic aspects of the members of the LGBTQ+ community.

Details

LGBTQ+ Librarianship in the 21st Century: Emerging Directions of Advocacy and Community Engagement in Diverse Information Environments
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-474-9

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 2006

So‐de Shyu, Yi Jeng, W.H. Ton, Kon‐jung Lee and H.M. Chuang

With the development of the modern portfolio theory and the advancement of information technology, the employment of quantitative approaches to practically measure asset risks and…

1688

Abstract

Purpose

With the development of the modern portfolio theory and the advancement of information technology, the employment of quantitative approaches to practically measure asset risks and returns, and the construction of portfolios (even dynamic portfolios) has become possible and popular. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to construct a multi‐factor model for Taiwan stock universe using fundamental technical descriptors and then to apply the equity market neutral investing using multiple‐factor models as a tool.

Design/methodology/approach

This study constructs a Taiwan equity multi‐factor model using cross‐sectional fundamental technical approach.

Findings

The model involves 28 explanatory factors (including 20 industry factors), and the results of the estimations are satisfactory. The model's explanatory power is 58.6 per cent on average. Furthermore, this multi‐factor model is feasible, modulized, dynamic (i.e. modified over time) and updating.

Originality/value

The multi‐factor model, constructed and utilized in this study, is a useful and feasible tool. It generates important inputs into the applications of building market neutral portfolio.

Purpose

Taiwan OTC market is an electronic, order driven, call market. The purpose of this paper is to gain understanding of whether trade size or number of transaction provides more information on explaining price volatility and market liquidity in this market. The paper also aims to investigate how market condition can affect the relationship between information type and trading activities.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses data from the Taiwan OTC market to run the empirical tests. It divides firms into five size groups based on their market capitalization. Regression equations are run to test: whether number of transactions has a more significant impact on price volatility on the Taiwan OTC market; the impact of market information on number of transactions; the relative impact of firm specific and market information on number of transactions; and the impact of number of transaction of bid‐ask spread.

Findings

Findings show that the larger the number of transactions, the higher the price volatility. Smaller firms on the Taiwan OTC market are traded based on firm‐specific information. This relation is further affected by market trends. Especially for the larger firms, when the market is up and the amount of market information increases, number of transactions increases. When the market is down and the amount of market information increases, number of transactions decreases. Finally, it is found spread size is more likely to be influenced by number of transactions, instead of trade size. Overall, based on these empirical results, the information content of number of transactions seems to be higher than that of trade size in the Taiwan OTC market.

Practical implications

Investors now understand that number of transaction actually carry more information than trade size does.

Originality/value

The relation between market information and number of transaction, also that between market information and trade size is influenced by market condition. The paper fills a gap in the literature to show that market condition has an impact on the relation between information type and trader's behavior. A number of transactions are identified that provide more information than trade size does. It is also shown that market conditions can further affect the impact of information on trading activities.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 32 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

Keywords

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