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Article
Publication date: 21 August 2007

W.B. Wan Nik, M.A. Maleque, F.N. Ani and H.H. Masjuki

The aim of this paper is to investigate hydraulic system performance using vegetable‐based palm oil as hydraulic fluid.

1333

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to investigate hydraulic system performance using vegetable‐based palm oil as hydraulic fluid.

Design/methodology/approach

The hydraulic system performance test at different operating conditions, such as pressure, speed and oil ageing, was performed using a Yuken vane pump test rig. The endurance system performance test was also conducted for 200 and 400 h. The effect of speed on flow slip coefficient in discrete and continuous tests was studied. In discrete testing, pressure of 35 and 200 bar and speed of 750 and 1,439 rpm were used in determining flow slip coefficient. The instantaneous data were recorded in a computer using an analog‐to‐digital data acquisition system with respect to time and the parameters stored were reservoir temperature, return line temperature, suction and delivery pressures, instantaneous flow rate, total flow, total running time and torque. The obtained results were interpolated for future prediction of the system performance.

Findings

The experimental and interpolated results showed that slip coefficient decreases with increasing pump speed. The effect of aging condition on volumetric efficiency showed that the efficiency increases with aging period due to increase in oil viscosity.

Practical implications

This vegetable‐based palm oil could be a potentially useful substitute for mineral‐based energy transport media such as hydraulic fluid.

Originality/value

The investigation of hydraulic system performance using palm oil as hydraulic fluid is scarce in the literature. Therefore, the current study is quite new for the hydraulic system performance and it is hoped that it will provide a high value to researchers for further research before it can be used as hydraulic fluid.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 59 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 15 April 2014

W. Wan Nik, R. Rosliza, M. Zulkifli and D. Hui

The effect of different cooling methods on the corrosion behaviour at welded area of aluminium alloy 5083 was investigated by using weight loss study, potendynamic polarization…

34

Abstract

The effect of different cooling methods on the corrosion behaviour at welded area of aluminium alloy 5083 was investigated by using weight loss study, potendynamic polarization study and morphology study. All samples were cooled by using air cooling method and quenching method. There was an increase of weight loss for both cooling methods where samples with air cooling method showed lower percentage of weight loss as compared to samples with quenching methods. The corrosion rate gained from this study revealed that samples with air cooling method showed lower corrosion rate compared to samples with quenching method. In potentiodynamic polarization study, the value of corrosion current density, Icorr increased with respect to immersion period. This behaviour signifies the occurrence of porosity where the air cooled samples show lower value of Icorr compared to quenched samples. The increase in Icorr causes the value of polarization resistance, Rp to decrease and corrosion rate to increase. The morphology study conducted revealed the existence of porosity and caused pitting corrosion on quenched samples which proved the samples with quenching method was more corroded as compared to samples with air cooling method.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 11 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 5 December 2016

Ruijie Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu, Zhaopeng Wang and Fei Gao

The purpose of this study is to research the effects of interrupted aging on the corrosion behavior of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag heat-resistant alloy by means of intergranular corrosion (IGC…

164

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to research the effects of interrupted aging on the corrosion behavior of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag heat-resistant alloy by means of intergranular corrosion (IGC) testing, potentiodynamic polarization combined with optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Design/methodology/approach

The results show that the IGC began on the grain boundaries and continued along the grain boundary. The corrosion resistance property of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloy was enhanced by interrupted aging. The precipitations of the interrupted aged sample both in the grains and on the grain boundaries were fine, and the chain-like phases on the grain boundary were distributed nearly continuously.

Findings

The corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Mg series Al alloy with equilibrium phase (Al2Cu) is notably determined by precipitation-free zone (PFZ) as the self-corrosion potentials of (Al2Cu), PFZ and the matrix satisfied the relation EPFZ < Eθ<EMatrix.

Originality/value

The connections of the PFZ on both sides of the grain boundary decreased the corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloy treated by the single aging.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 13 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 17 July 2019

Nurul Farhanah Azman, Syahrullail Samion, Muhammad Amirrul Amin Moen, Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid and Mohamad Nor Musa

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the anti-wear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) performances of CuO and graphite nanoparticles as a palm oil additive.

252

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the anti-wear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) performances of CuO and graphite nanoparticles as a palm oil additive.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the AW and EP performances of CuO and graphite nanoparticles as additives in palm oil were evaluated using four ball tribotester in accordance to ASTM D4172 and ASTM D2783, respectively. The wear worn surfaces of the steel balls were analysed using high resolution microscope.

Findings

The results obtained demonstrate that CuO and graphite nanoparticles improved the AW and EP performances of the palm oil up to 2.77 and 12 per cent, respectively. The graphite nanoparticles provide better AW and EP performance than that of CuO nanoparticles.

Originality/value

This demonstrates the potential of CuO and graphite nanoparticles for improving AW and EP performances of palm oil base lubricant. Different morphology of nanoparticles will affect the AW and EP performances of nanolubricants.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 10 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9864

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Article
Publication date: 20 February 2014

A. Muzathik, Y. Nizam, M. Ahmad and W. Nik

Friction material in an automotive brake system plays an important role for effective and safe brake performance. A single material has never been sufficient to solve performance…

80

Abstract

Friction material in an automotive brake system plays an important role for effective and safe brake performance. A single material has never been sufficient to solve performance related issues. Current research aimed to examine properties of Boron mixed brake pads by comparing them with the commercial brake pads. Friction coefficient of Boron mixed brake pads and commercial brake pads were significantly different and increased with the increase in surface roughness. The abrupt reduction of friction coefficient is more significant in commercial brake pad samples than in Boron mixed brake pad formulations. Fade occurred in commercial brake pad sample at lower temperatures. Boron formulations are more stable than their commercial counterparts.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 10 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 21 August 2013

W. Nik, R. Rosliza, M. Zulkifli and D. Hui

The effect of different cooling methods on the corrosion behaviour at welded area of aluminium alloy 5083 was investigated by using weight loss study, potendynamic polarization…

27

Abstract

The effect of different cooling methods on the corrosion behaviour at welded area of aluminium alloy 5083 was investigated by using weight loss study, potendynamic polarization study and morphology study. All samples were cooled by using air cooling method and quenching method. There was an increase of weight loss for both cooling methods where samples with air cooling method showed lower percentage of weight loss as compared to samples with quenching methods. The corrosion rate gained from this study revealed that samples with air cooling method showed lower corrosion rate compared to samples with quenching method. In potentiodynamic polarization study, the value of corrosion current density, Icorr increased with respect to immersion period. This behaviour signifies the occurrence of porosity where the air cooled samples show lower value of Icorr compared to quenched samples. The increase in Icorr causes the value of polarization resistance, Rp to decrease and corrosion rate to increase. The morphology study conducted revealed the existence of porosity and caused pitting corrosion on quenched samples which proved the samples with quenching method was more corroded as compared to samples with air cooling method.

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Article
Publication date: 27 May 2014

Reena Kumari P.D., Jagannath Nayak and A. Nityananda Shetty

The purpose of this paper is to report the studies on the corrosion inhibition property of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (APTT) for the corrosion of 6061 Al-15 vol…

160

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to report the studies on the corrosion inhibition property of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (APTT) for the corrosion of 6061 Al-15 vol. pct. SiC(p) composite.

Design/methodology/approach

The corrosion behavior of 6061 Al-15 vol. pct. SiC(p) composite was studied at different temperatures in 0.5-M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in the presence of APTT by potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic techniques. The effect of inhibitor concentration and temperature on the inhibitor effect of APTT was studied. The surface morphology of the metal surface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The activation parameters for the corrosion of the composite and base alloy, as well as the thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of APTT on the composite and alloy surfaces, were calculated.

Findings

The inhibition efficiency of APTT increases with the increase in the concentration of the inhibitor and decreases with the increase in temperature. The adsorption of APTT on the composite was found to be through physisorption, obeying Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. APTT acts as a mixed inhibitor with predominant cathodic action on the composite.

Practical implications

APTT can be used as an inhibitor for the corrosion of 6061 Al-15 vol. pct. SiC(p) composite in the NaOH medium.

Originality/value

This paper provides information regarding the corrosion inhibition property of APTT on 6061 Al-15 vol. pct. SiC(p) composite. An attempt was made to explain the mechanism of the inhibition action by APTT.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 61 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 9 February 2010

Chinwuba Victor Ossia, Hung Gu Han and Hosung Kong

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate local biodegradable oils with long chain fatty acids namely: castor (Ricinus communis L.), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis L.), olive (Oleo

594

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate local biodegradable oils with long chain fatty acids namely: castor (Ricinus communis L.), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis L.), olive (Oleo europaea L.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) oils for lubrication candidacy as a substitute to petroleum mineral oils.

Design/methodology/approach

Evaluation criteria includes antiwear, lubricity, and extreme pressure (load carrying capacity) using the four‐ball configuration, oxidation induction by pressure differential scanning calorimetry, thermal stability by thermo‐gravimetric analyses, and viscometry using relevant American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards.

Findings

The results show that the lubrication films at the interface failed by the decomposition of the metallic soaps formed by the chemical reaction of the constituent fatty acid molecules and the rubbing surfaces. The biodegradable oils show superior lubricant performance compared to the paraffin‐based mineral oil, despite their poor oxidation stability. Oxidation induction and thermo‐gravimetric characteristics of the biodegradable oils are closely related to their polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acid composition.

Originality/value

The paper shows how these biodegradable oils could be used as good substitute for petroleum mineral oils in as‐received state or little antioxidant additives.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 62 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2022

Wan Masliza Wan Mohammad, Nik Mohamad Zaki Nik Salleh and Wan Fadzilah Wan Yusoff

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between audit committees’ characteristics and firms’ risk in Malaysian manufacturing firms.

429

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between audit committees’ characteristics and firms’ risk in Malaysian manufacturing firms.

Design/methodology/approach

The effect of audit committees on firms’ risk is investigated by 930 firm-year observations between the fiscal years of 2004 and 2009 of Bursa Malaysia listed firms during the global financial crisis. Panel data regression analysis is used to analyze the relationship.

Findings

The findings of this study indicate that audit committee’s independence reduces firms’ risk. Nonetheless, across various analysis, the authors fail to associate audit committee’s qualification and membership in professional bodies with firms’ risk. Consistently, the authors find that family ownership is negatively associated with IDIOSYNCRATIC risks, supporting previous studies claim that family firms are more risk averse than non-family firms.

Research limitations/implications

The analysis is confined to Malaysian family manufacturing sectors during global financial crisis 2007–2008.

Originality/value

This study offers insights into the importance of audit committees’ qualification and knowledge in Malaysian family manufacturing firms in reducing firms’ risk and providing stability to investors investment.

Details

Accounting Research Journal, vol. 35 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1030-9616

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Article
Publication date: 16 November 2015

Hayrol Azril Mohamed Shaffril, Jeffrey Lawrence D'Silva, Nurani Kamaruddin, Siti Zobidah Omar and Jusang Bolong

The present paper attempts to investigate the awareness of coastal community towards climate change in Malaysia and to explore the factors associated with their awareness toward…

1793

Abstract

Purpose

The present paper attempts to investigate the awareness of coastal community towards climate change in Malaysia and to explore the factors associated with their awareness toward the climate change.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a quantitative study where a set of questionnaires was developed based on reviews of literature and series of instrument development meeting. Through a multi-stage cluster sampling, a total of 210 respondents from three coastal villages in Peninsular Malaysia were selected.

Findings

The coastal community are shown to record a high mean score on their awareness toward changes relating to the sea, temperatures and the coast. Surprisingly, fishermen are found to be less aware toward climate change compared to other groups, such as housewives/retirees and students. Further analysis confirms that there are significant differences regarding coastal community awareness to changes relating to the sea, temperatures and the coast.

Research limitations/implications

This study represented the answers of 210 respondents who were randomly selected from three coastal villages in Peninsular Malaysia, and the results might be enriched if the number of respondents is increased and respondents from other villages are included. A future study should be conducted to gather information on the possible effects, rather than focusing on the respondents’ awareness. Additionally, because of the nature of the topic, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and officers from environment-related agencies should cooperate during the research.

Practical implications

It is recommended that information management activities with regard to the climate change should be actively conducted by NGOs, universities and related parties.

Originality/value

Most of the related studies are scientific in nature, leading to a gap relating to the social aspects of climate change, particularly in terms of communities’ awareness toward the climate change. Moreover, a number of local studies have produced inconsistencies in term of their results regarding the awareness of the climate change among the community. In response to this, the current study aims to fill this gap.

Details

International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, vol. 7 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-8692

Keywords

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