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Book part
Publication date: 15 August 2024

Ulrike Pröbstl-Haider and Nina Mostegl

The effects of climate change are no longer a distant, slow-paced, future phenomenon. Due to the high dependency on reliable snow conditions, the tourism sector in Austria will…

Abstract

The effects of climate change are no longer a distant, slow-paced, future phenomenon. Due to the high dependency on reliable snow conditions, the tourism sector in Austria will need to rapidly implement adaptation measures to forego further negative impacts. However, the framing of the subject in tourism is already difficult and complex. Despite an increase in climate change awareness, the necessary collective change seems to be deliberately tardy and adaptation processes are slowly considered in political decision-making. Strategic documents on tourism policy are still lacking clear information about this challenging task and suitable strategies. Against this background, the chapter at hand discusses instruments and pathways to deal with wicked problems using climate change and winter tourism in Austria as an example. The adaptation processes for winter tourism make it possible to describe different strategies, such as normative authoritative ones, evidence-based technocratic problem-solving, incremental adjustments or participatory processes and to analyse them using case studies. It becomes clear that evidence-based, normative or participatory approaches all have their strengths and weaknesses. While, on the policy level in Austria, the discussion about the right instruments has just started, a closer look at the project-based level shows the significant potential of a bottom-up approach. However, what is required is more exchange between governmental levels, a transparent distribution of responsibilities, detailed adaptation monitoring and reliable climate-proofing of new and existing policies. Currently, it is the bottom-up processes that show more courage for change and effective implementation of measures against global warming.

Details

Tourism Policy-Making in the Context of Contested Wicked Problems: Sustainability Paradox, Climate Emergency and COVID-19
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-453-1

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Article
Publication date: 9 October 2019

K.M. Deen, A. Farooq, M. Rizwan, A. Ahmad and W. Haider

This study/paper aims to the authors applied low “Si” ions dose over cp-Ti-2, and the potent dose level was optimized for adequate corrosion resistance and effective proliferation…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study/paper aims to the authors applied low “Si” ions dose over cp-Ti-2, and the potent dose level was optimized for adequate corrosion resistance and effective proliferation of stem cells.

Design/methodology/approach

The cp-Ti surface was modified by silicon (Si) ions beam at 0.5 MeV in a Pelletron accelerator. Three different ion doses were applied to the polished samples, and the surface was characterized by XRD and AFM analysis.

Findings

At moderate “Si” ion dose (6.54 × 1012 ions-cm−2), the potential shifted to a noble value. The small “icorr” (1.22 µA.cm−2) and relatively large charge transfer resistance (43.548 kΩ-cm2) in the ringer‘s lactate solution was confirmed through Potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy analysis. Compared to cp-Ti and other doses, this dose level also provided the effective proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells.

Originality/value

The dosage levels used were different to previous work and provided the effective proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 67 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 7 June 2013

Ulrike Pröbstl‐Haider and Wolfgang Haider

Climate change will lead to new environmental conditions in winter sport destinations. Even if the motivations of the visitors remain the same, climate change will inevitably…

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Abstract

Purpose

Climate change will lead to new environmental conditions in winter sport destinations. Even if the motivations of the visitors remain the same, climate change will inevitably influence their behavior. At the same time, tourism destinations try to influence visitor behavior by implementing adaptation strategies and offering new products. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of possible consumer research approaches from a destination's perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

In order to study the influence of climate change on winter destinations in Austria, the authors adapted an existing behavioral framework to the model for proactive tourist adaptation to climate change, which is helpful to understand the influencing factors and the individual decision‐making process towards adaptation intention. Thereafter they used the results of a choice experiment (=intended behavior) to calibrate a decision support tool (DST) for a cross‐country skiing destination in Austria.

Findings

The paper presents a DST based on the choice experiment. The DST shows the changing market shares for three segments as a destination and its entrepreneurs attempt to identify the best opportunities for the various adaption strategies they can possibly consider. The authors suggest this as a suitable market research tool for proactive destination management.

Research limitations/implications

Compared to the theory of planned behavior (TPB), Choice experiments (CE) are less suitable to contribute to the understanding of behavior; at the same time, CEs are well suited to model intended behavior, and to predict the demand for currently non‐existing alternatives when past behavior might be a poor predictor.

Practical implications

The authors propose a conceptual framework that explicitly combines the modeling of behavior and behavioral intention with relevant concepts of the individual customer's cognitive process. The authors want to ensure that destination managers are able to understand, and eventually direct and influence travel behavior as it relates to their local conditions, which in the context of climate change implies that the destination must lay the foundation for tomorrow's success while competing today.

Originality/value

The paper focuses on two main challenges related to destination choice in the context of climate change: tourists encounter a rather unique decision context, as their decision to visit is completely voluntary, and predicting visitor reactions to climate change enters uncharted waters as clients have not encountered these situations before.

Details

Tourism Review, vol. 68 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1660-5373

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Article
Publication date: 19 February 2018

Richard Hannis Ansah and Shahryar Sorooshian

As a result of the increasing challenges of time overrun, several companies regularly set up delay assessment procedures for performance improvement and profit maximization. In…

2744

Abstract

Purpose

As a result of the increasing challenges of time overrun, several companies regularly set up delay assessment procedures for performance improvement and profit maximization. In the construction industry, projects are enormously complicated and involve significant budgets, and therefore optimizing project performance through the root cause analysis should be imperative for every project manager. Typically issues of delays in projects are generally discussed and problematized separately, yet a comprehensive framework for systematic analysis and grouping of delays is rarely contended. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the 4P concept (project related, practices, participants, and procurement) for identifying, analyzing, and classifying delays in the internal environment of the project development process.

Design/methodology/approach

The 4P conceptual framework was validated through the synthesis of the existing literature.

Findings

Interestingly, despite the increasing concerns about delays in the construction industry, most research on delays are project and/or country specific, thus no consensus about the sources of delays. The application of the proposed concept as a theoretical framework would provide an understanding of the available delay sources, their risks and use for project delay assessment and classification.

Research limitations/implications

This study grouped delays based on the shared characteristics and four main sources were identified and analyzed. There may be other sources or factors, yet would be dependent or aspect of the 4P.

Practical implications

The study informs project teams to reduce delays in the construction industry.

Originality/value

The paper is an application of risk assessment tool to conceptualize delays in the internal project environment.

Details

Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. 25 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-9988

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Book part
Publication date: 3 February 2023

Dina Amaro, Ana Maria Caldeira and Cláudia Seabra

The twenty-first century has been characterized by the intensification of concerns related to tourism safety and security. These issues are playing an increasingly significant…

Abstract

The twenty-first century has been characterized by the intensification of concerns related to tourism safety and security. These issues are playing an increasingly significant role over recent years, due to the increase of terrorist attacks in several countries, political instability, natural disasters, epidemics and, more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding tourist safety and security in the tourism context is, thus, critical to increasing the competitiveness and attractiveness of tourist destinations.

Through the bibliometric methods of performance analysis and science mapping, this study aims to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on tourist safety and security at the destination.

A total of 445 records published between 1989 and 2021, covering 191 academic journals and 1,000 authors from 91 different countries, were analysed.

The main findings show that this research field has attracted a substantial and growing interest of researchers, institutions, journals and countries. Opportunities for future research are related to decision making, tourist behaviour, risk perception, tourism safety, destination image, safety engineering and sustainable development.

In the post-pandemic context, this research field can be critical to providing a set of tailored strategies to improve tourists' safe destination environment and increase tourism destinations' competitiveness and attractiveness.

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Article
Publication date: 20 June 2023

Janhavi Abhang and V.V. Ravi Kumar

This study aims to develop a database of existing academic information in house purchase decision (HPD) using systematic literature review (SLR), to facilitate worldwide…

555

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to develop a database of existing academic information in house purchase decision (HPD) using systematic literature review (SLR), to facilitate worldwide advancement of research under HPD domain.

Design/methodology/approach

This research examined papers from two reputable databases – Scopus and Google Scholar – from 1992 to 2022 using a scoping review technique (Arksey and O’Malley, 2005) and a theme analysis method. Out of 374, 181 articles fit the inclusion parameters and were evaluated using the theme analysis approach.

Findings

Data from 181 articles was evaluated thematically to create a thematic map of HPD research. Five main themes and their sub-themes were identified: consumer behaviour, housing attributes, factors influencing purchasing decisions, investment analysis and demographics, which proved essential in understanding HPD and customer preferences for house purchase.

Practical implications

Data from 181 articles were evaluated thematically to create a thematic map of HPD research. This SLR intends to provide useful new insights on consumer concerns about home purchases in the rapidly developing residential real estate market and the issues that marketers, housing sector stakeholders, real estate industry and existing and future researchers should prioritize.

Originality/value

This research is unique such that it is the only 30-year-long SLR on the subject matter of HPD. This paper makes a significant contribution to residential real estate domain signifying the present state of research in HPD.

Details

International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, vol. 17 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8270

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Book part
Publication date: 12 September 2018

Fabian Weber, Maria Juschten, Carina Fanninger, Christiane Brandenburg, Alexandra Jiricka-Pürrer, Christina Czachs and Wiebke Unbehaun

With an increase in hot days, tropical nights, and heat waves, assumedly more residents of large cities will seek rest and recreation in higher-altitude tourism destinations…

Abstract

With an increase in hot days, tropical nights, and heat waves, assumedly more residents of large cities will seek rest and recreation in higher-altitude tourism destinations during the summer. This phenomenon is referred to as the revival of ‘Sommerfrische’ (summer freshness or summer retreat). This chapter examines the impact of climate change on summer tourism in the Alps by urban residents. It scrutinizes the historical perception of the term Sommerfrische, as well as the understanding and perception of this term today, based on an extensive literature review and two focus-group discussions. The findings form the basis for specifying the attributes that can be used to describe a modern form of Sommerfrische. The results indicate that today’s understanding of what Sommerfrische could be and the attributes of Sommerfrische travel are very different from the historical phenomenon. Nowadays, summer excursions and short trips to destinations close to cities are considered to be Sommerfrische as long as they have escape from the heat as a common motive. The results demonstrate the broad interest of urban residents in Sommerfrische and also suggest avenues for further research on the adaptative behavior of town-dwellers in hot summers with respect to the extent of their actual and potential future travel behavior.

Details

Contemporary Challenges of Climate Change, Sustainable Tourism Consumption, and Destination Competitiveness
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-343-8

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 16 January 2024

Ville Jylhä, Noora Hirvonen and Jutta Haider

This study addresses how algorithmic recommendations and their affordances shape everyday information practices among young people.

1988

Abstract

Purpose

This study addresses how algorithmic recommendations and their affordances shape everyday information practices among young people.

Design/methodology/approach

Thematic interviews were conducted with 20 Finnish young people aged 15–16 years. The material was analysed using qualitative content analysis, with a focus on everyday information practices involving online platforms.

Findings

The key finding of the study is that the current affordances of algorithmic recommendations enable users to engage in more passive practices instead of active search and evaluation practices. Two major themes emerged from the analysis: enabling not searching, inviting high trust, which highlights the how the affordances of algorithmic recommendations enable the delegation of search to a recommender system and, at the same time, invite trust in the system, and constraining finding, discouraging diversity, which focuses on the constraining degree of affordances and breakdowns associated with algorithmic recommendations.

Originality/value

This study contributes new knowledge regarding the ways in which algorithmic recommendations shape the information practices in young people's everyday lives specifically addressing the constraining nature of affordances.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 80 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2005

Z.H. Gao, J.Y. Gu, X‐M. Wang, Z.G. Li and X.D. Bai

To evaluate the competing reaction of isocyanate with cellulose and water which can provide direction for further studies on bonding and curing reactions of isocyanate with wood.

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the competing reaction of isocyanate with cellulose and water which can provide direction for further studies on bonding and curing reactions of isocyanate with wood.

Design/methodology/approach

Two modern analytical techniques, Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were used. The FTIR was used to identify the products of the reaction of phenyl isocyanate (PI) with alcohol, water, and cellulose; while the XPS was used to evaluate the proportions of isocyanate that reacted with water or cellulose when PI reacted with cellulose at different moisture contents (MCs), respectively.

Findings

Methods for the IR identifications of reaction results of PI with n‐propanol, water, and cellulose, in which the reactions of PI with water and PI with cellulose resulted in N,N′‐diphenylurea and carbamate, respectively, were developed. It was discovered that the extent of reaction of isocyanate and cellulose decreased with increasing cellulose MC, and 92.98 per cent isocyanate reacted with water when 9.78 per cent MC was reached. It was confirmed that the products of the PI reaction were distributed mainly on the surface of the cellulose particles.

Research limitations/implications

The study only focused on the reaction of PI. However, the industrial isocyanates, e.g. methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), polymerized methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (p‐MDI) that have complexities in chemical structures and components, make analyses with FTIR and XPS impossible.

Practical implications

The paper provides some instructive information about the isocyanate reaction that will help understanding the characteristics of isocyanate and guiding the design of technology bonding isocyanate to fibre, wood, etc.

Originality/value

The application of FTIR and XPS for evaluating the reaction of isocyanate with cellulose having different MCs was novel and may be used as a reference for other relevant studies.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 34 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 19 March 2018

Timothy Hyungsoo Jung, Hyunae Lee, Namho Chung and M. Claudia tom Dieck

Augmented reality (AR) is increasingly used in cultural heritage tourism sites for the enhancement of the tourist experience. However, behavioral intention to adopt AR is…

4618

Abstract

Purpose

Augmented reality (AR) is increasingly used in cultural heritage tourism sites for the enhancement of the tourist experience. However, behavioral intention to adopt AR is dependent on cultural traits, and close investigation is required on cultural differences. To explore these cultural differences and the effect on AR acceptance in cultural heritage tourism sites, this study aims to focus on the aesthetic and hedonic characteristics of AR applications.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected in two countries with strong contrasts in Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to explore cultural differences in AR acceptance. In total, 145 questionnaires were collected in Deoksugung Palace, South Korea, and 119 questionnaires were collected in the An Post Museum, Republic of Ireland. Data were analyzed using PLS Graph 3.0.

Findings

The findings confirmed that the aesthetics of AR have a strong influence on perceived enjoyment. Furthermore, this study supported the notion that high power distance, collectivism and high uncertainty avoidance culture such as South Korea’s perceives stronger dependence on social influence and the hedonic characteristics of AR.

Practical implications

AR innovation and marketing within the hospitality and tourism industry requires an understanding of cultural differences to ensure successful implementation. In addition, tourism and hospitality managers need to ensure that the needs and requirements of different target markets are met.

Originality/value

This study applied Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to explore the differences between two very distinct countries with regard to AR acceptance. The findings provide important implications for the implementation of tourism AR applications for different countries, especially considering international target markets.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 30 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

Keywords

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