Solomon Rajkumar, Renuka Nayar, Kavitha Rajagopal, Namratha Valsalan, Sudharsan Chinnasamy, V. N. Vasudevan, Sathu Thankachan and N. Manjunath
The purpose of this paper is the physico-chemical, microbiological, colorimetric, sensorial characterization of choris, a traditional smoked pork sausage produced in the state of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is the physico-chemical, microbiological, colorimetric, sensorial characterization of choris, a traditional smoked pork sausage produced in the state of Goa (India), including its storage stability (0–180 days) at room temperature, aiming at the geographical indication certification and entrepreneurship prospects.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 48 samples of “choris” were collected from 24 villages of Goa and were analyzed at different intervals (0–180 days) for physico-chemical, proximate, microbiological, colorimetric and sensory attributes during the storage at room temperature.
Findings
The mean pH of 4.45 and water activity (aw) of 0.78 were recorded. The pH, tyrosine value, fat percentage and free fatty acid content registered a significant increase, whereas moisture content, aw and moisture–protein ratio reduced as storage progresses. The colorimetric values lightness (L*), hue angle (H*) and redness index values reduced significantly during storage. The mean total viable count, yeast and mold, and lactic acid bacteria count were found to proliferate significantly as storage advanced. Nevertheless, the hedonic scores not reaching an unacceptable level (= 4) at the end of the storage period.
Originality/value
In accordance with the various parameters adopted during the study, choris could be characterized as “naturally fermented dry smoked” sausages, which were shelf-stable at room temperature for 180 days. The product characterization of choris is essential to guarantee the genuineness, safety and consumer's acceptability. This study will also rebound in an augmented uniformity of the product, which will favor the geographical indication certification and the entrepreneurship prospects of this traditional product.
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Suresh Akkole and Vasudevan N.
Application of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) i.e. electromagnetic band gap technique and its use in the design of microstrip antenna and MIC i.e. microwave integrated circuits is…
Abstract
Purpose
Application of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) i.e. electromagnetic band gap technique and its use in the design of microstrip antenna and MIC i.e. microwave integrated circuits is becoming more attractive. This paper aims to propose a new type of EBG fractal square patch microstrip multi band fractal antenna structures that are designed and developed. Their performance parameters with and without EBG structures are investigated and minutely compared with respect to the resonance frequency, return loss, a gain of the antenna and voltage standing wave ratio.
Design/methodology/approach
The fractal antenna geometries are designed from the fundamental square patch and then EBG structures are introduced. The antenna geometry is optimized using IE3D simulation tool and fabricated on low cost glass epoxy FR4, with 1.6 mm height and dielectric materials constant of 4.4. The prototype is examined by means of the vector network analyzer and antenna patterns are tested on the anechoic chamber.
Findings
Combining the square fractal patch antenna with an application of EBG techniques, the gain of microstrip antenna has been risen up and attained good return loss as compared to the antennas without EBG structures. The designs exhibit multi-frequency band characteristics extending in between 1.70 and 7.40 GHz. Also, a decrease in antenna size of 34.84 and 59.02 per cent for the first and second iteration, respectively, is achieved for the antenna second and third without EBG. The experimental results agree with that of simulated values. The presented microstrip antenna finds uses in industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band, Wi-Fi and C band. This antenna can also be used for satellite and radio detection and range devices for communication purposes.
Originality/value
A new type of EBG fractal square patch microstrip antenna structures are designed, developed and compared with and without EBG. Because of the application of EBG techniques, the gain of microstrip antenna has been risen up and attained good return loss as compared to the antennas without EBG structures. The designs exhibit multi-frequency band characteristics extending in between 1.70 and 7.40 GHz, which are useful for Wi-Fi, ISM and C band wireless communication.
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A growing body of research finds that gig economy platforms use gamification to enhance managerial control. Focusing on technologically mediated forms of gamification, this…
Abstract
A growing body of research finds that gig economy platforms use gamification to enhance managerial control. Focusing on technologically mediated forms of gamification, this literature reveals how platforms mobilize gig workers’ work effort by making the labour process resemble a game. This chapter contends that this tech-centric scholarship fails to fully capture the historical continuities between contemporary and much older occurrences of game-playing at work. Informed by interviews and participatory observations at two food delivery platforms in Amsterdam, I document how these platforms’ piece wage system gives rise to a workplace dynamic in which severely underpaid delivery couriers continuously employ game strategies to maximize their gig income. Reminiscent of observations from the early shop floor ethnographies of the manufacturing industry, I show that the game of gig income maximization operates as an indirect modality of control by (re)aligning the interests of couriers with the interests of capital and by individualizing and depoliticizing couriers’ overall low wage level. I argue that the new, algorithmic technologies expand and intensify the much older forms of gamified control by infusing the organizational activities of shift and task allocation with the logic of the piece wage game and by increasing the possibilities for interaction, direct feedback and immersion. My study contributes to the literature on gamification in the gig economy by interweaving it with the classic observations derived from the manufacturing industry and by developing a conceptualization of gamification in which both capital and labour exercise agency.
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Vasudevan Ramanujam and N. Venkatraman
For some time now, the business press has been sounding the death knell of strategic planning. Introduced in the mid‐Fifties, formal and comprehensive approaches to strategic…
Abstract
For some time now, the business press has been sounding the death knell of strategic planning. Introduced in the mid‐Fifties, formal and comprehensive approaches to strategic planning have gone through a number of evolutionary changes. Beginning with simple, internally oriented annual budgets, they quickly developed into long‐term, externally focused strategic planning systems. Today's sophisticated strategic management systems now combine internal and external analysis into a holistic system. However, these transitions have never been adequately supported by a strong theoretical base distilled from practice.
Taru Saigal, Arun Kr. Vaish and N.V. Muralidhar Rao
Using survey data of a developing country city, this study aims to examine the impact of different socio-demographic factors on the choice of less-polluting modes of transport for…
Abstract
Purpose
Using survey data of a developing country city, this study aims to examine the impact of different socio-demographic factors on the choice of less-polluting modes of transport for purposes other than work.
Design/methodology/approach
Stratified random sampling technique is employed and data on socio-demographic characteristics and mode of transport used is collected. Descriptive statistics complemented with a logit model of choice probabilities is implemented on the data obtained.
Findings
Majority of the population in the city uses motorized means of transportation irrespective of the socio-demographic changes existing among them. Women, the individuals belonging to the youngest age group, the least economically well-off group of people, the least educated and the non-working are the individuals more likely to use more of less-polluting modes and less of more-polluting modes for non-work purposes as compared to their counterparts.
Research limitations/implications
The study also calls for the development of an efficient and secured system of public transportation and non-motorized transportation in the city in such a way so as to neither hamper the goal of sustainability nor the goal of empowerment.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time a comprehensive analysis of the influence of socio-demographic factors on choice of type of mode of transport is carried out in this region of the developing world. This analysis will facilitate the policy makers in catering to the transportation needs of different segments of the society.
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Kartik Venkatraman and Nanjappa Ashwath
Landfill capping is a mandatory post closure procedure in Australia to isolate the deposited wastes from the outside environment, mainly water. Compacted clay caps are…
Abstract
Purpose
Landfill capping is a mandatory post closure procedure in Australia to isolate the deposited wastes from the outside environment, mainly water. Compacted clay caps are predominantly used in Australian landfills. Recent studies have shown that clay caps have shorter life span and fail to prevent percolation of water due to cracking. This paper aims to discuss a new technology called “Phytocapping” that has been trialled at Lakes Creek landfill in Rockhampton.
Design/methodology/approach
In this technique, trees were used as “bio‐pumps” and “rainfall interceptors” and soil cover as “storage” of water. The field performance of the phytocapping system was measured based on its ability to minimise water percolation into waste. Tree growth, transpiration, canopy rainfall interception and methane emission were monitored over three years. The percolation rate was modelled using HYDRUS 1D code for two different scenarios (with and without vegetation) for the thick (1,400 mm soil) and thin (700 mm soil) phytocaps respectively.
Findings
Results from the modelling showed percolation rates of 16.7 mm yr−1 in thick phytocap and 23.8 mm yr−1 in thin phytocap, both of which are markedly lower than those expected from a clay cap. Results from monitoring and observations showed that 19 of 21 tree species grew well in the harsh landfill environment. However, the correct species selection is very important for the long‐term sustainability of the phytocap. Results also show that phytocaps can reduce a significant amount of methane emission from landfills.
Practical implications
The cost of landfill capping is escalating and is putting a lot of financial and legal pressure on the small and medium sized local governments in Australia. The phytocapping technique not only offers financial benefits but also has some environmental and commercial benefits.
Originality/value
The paper focuses on a new technology being used in waste management.
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Ganesh S. Warkhade and A. Veeresh Babu
The purpose of this study is to get much insight about the combustion and emission characteristics of partially processed high free fatty acid linseed oil, i.e. esterified linseed…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to get much insight about the combustion and emission characteristics of partially processed high free fatty acid linseed oil, i.e. esterified linseed oil (ELO), and diesel fuel in a single-cylinder compression ignition engine.
Design/methodology/approach
The variable compression ratio (CR) diesel engine (3.5 kW) of CR ranging from 12:1 to 18:1 is used for the experimentation purpose. In this study, CR varied from 16:1 to 18:1 for investigating the combustion and emissions characteristics of ELO. Various features such as combustion pressure, net heat release rate and mean gas temperature are analysed. The emission characteristics such as hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are investigated with different loads and CRs. The effect of an ambient temperature condition is also reported.
Findings
Results from this investigation reveal that the burning of ELO is found to be advanced for all CRs as compared to diesel fuel, whereas these features were found to be lower for a CR of 17. Emissions of ELO are found to be higher at all loads and CRs. Overall, this study provides a necessary framework to enhance further research in this area.
Originality/value
This investigation shows that ELO has better combustion in the first phase of combustion. However, the exhaust emissions of ELO have higher value due to improper combustion in the second and subsequent phase of combustion due to higher viscosity.
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Shankar Chakraborty, Partha Protim Das and Vidyapati Kumar
The purpose of this paper is to exploit the fullest potential and capability of different non-traditional machining (NTM) processes, it is often recommended to operate them at…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to exploit the fullest potential and capability of different non-traditional machining (NTM) processes, it is often recommended to operate them at their optimal parametric combinations. There are several mathematical tools and techniques that have been effectively deployed for identifying the optimal parametric mixes for the NTM processes. Amongst them, grey relational analysis (GRA) has become quite popular due to its sound mathematical basis, ease to implement and apprehensiveness for multi-objective optimization of NTM processes.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, GRA is integrated with fuzzy logic to present an efficient technique for multi-objective optimization of three NTM processes (i.e. abrasive water-jet machining, electrochemical machining and ultrasonic machining) while identifying their best parametric settings for enhanced machining performance.
Findings
The derived results are validated with respect to technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and analysis of variance is also performed so as to identify the most significant control parameters in the considered NTM processes.
Practical implications
This grey-fuzzy logic approach provides better parametric combinations for all the three NTM processes with respect to the predicted grey-fuzzy relational grades (GFRG). The developed surface plots help the process engineers to investigate the effects of various NTM process parameters on the predicted GFRG values.
Originality/value
The adopted approach can be applied to various machining (both conventional and non-conventional) processes for their parametric optimization for achieving better response values.
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While the global body of knowledge on men and boys' experiences of sexual abuse during childhood has incrementally grown over the last several years, it remains an…
Abstract
While the global body of knowledge on men and boys' experiences of sexual abuse during childhood has incrementally grown over the last several years, it remains an under-researched area of study. Drawing upon primary phenomenological research with men survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA) in India, in this chapter, I report and discuss findings that explore the gendered meanings that men who have experienced CSA make of their abuse experiences against a backdrop of heteropatriarchal assumptions and expectations regarding masculinity. Specifically, I discuss how effeminophobia – anxiety and disdain regarding feminine-identified behaviors, mannerisms, attributes and presentations among boys and men – is an ingredient and also the product of such meaning making and eventually works as another form of violence against men and boy survivors following the primary experience of sexual violence. More broadly, acknowledging the role of effeminophobia in constructing men and boy survivors' experiences supports the argument that heteropatriarchy is a double-edged weapon that injures women and gender-expansive people disproportionately but also hurts boys and men.
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Taru Saigal, Arun Kr Vaish and N.V.M. Rao
Using primary survey data from an urban area in Global North, this study aims to examine the impact of sociodemographic factors on perception of usefulness of public transport and…
Abstract
Purpose
Using primary survey data from an urban area in Global North, this study aims to examine the impact of sociodemographic factors on perception of usefulness of public transport and the importance of safety in preferring private modes of transport over public.
Design/methodology/approach
The study uses stratified random sampling technique to collect data on travel behavior and socioeconomic characteristics. Descriptive statistics complemented with bivariate probit model and seemingly unrelated bivariate probit model is implemented on the data obtained.
Findings
The study finds that women, unmarried individuals, the youngest age group, least educated individuals and those who are working are expected to finding public transport more useful as compared to their respective counterparts. Despite finding the mode most useful, women are more likely to find it unsafe to travel.
Research limitations/implications
The study calls attention to not only dealing with the infrastructural changes in system but also with those attached insecurities which limit its use.
Originality/value
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a comprehensive evaluation of the demands and challenges for transportation services faced by different segments of the society is carried out in this section of the developing world.