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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1982

PHILIP L. PEOPLES and VIRGINIA SWEETLAND

Boeing is forecasting air cargo growth during the 1980 decade to increase at an annual rate between 5% and 8%. This could result in almost doubling the current business by 1990…

117

Abstract

Boeing is forecasting air cargo growth during the 1980 decade to increase at an annual rate between 5% and 8%. This could result in almost doubling the current business by 1990 (currently 25 billion annual ton‐miles and $10 billion annual revenue).

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 54 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 12 April 2019

Dick Carpenter, Kyle Sweetland, Emily Vargo and Ethan Bayne

The purpose of this paper is to discuss new findings on municipal-level occupational licensing and other forms of regulation and introduce a new data set available for researchers…

81

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss new findings on municipal-level occupational licensing and other forms of regulation and introduce a new data set available for researchers to study this largely unexplored area.

Design/methodology/approach

Municipal occupational regulatory data were gathered in 2017 and 2018 from the 50 largest cities in the USA. Data available in the data set include city and state IDs, occupational IDs, requirements associated with the regulations (e.g. education, experience and fees), penalties for practicing without meeting the requirements, regulatory type and NAICS category. Descriptive statistics are used to present information about the number and types of occupations regulated and the number and types of regulations present in the cities.

Findings

The median number of occupations regulated by a city is 24.5, but the numbers per city vary substantially. The 1,832 occupations in the data set are distributed across every NAICS category. The most prevalent form of regulation is registration; certification is least used. Cities are quite diverse in the types of regulations applied to occupations, and the type of regulation varies substantially by industry type.

Originality/value

Research on licensing is dominated by state-level analyses. Largely absent are systematic analyses of licensing and other regulation at the municipal level, likely due to a lack of data. This means the current licensing literature underestimates – perhaps severely so – the prevalence, burdens and effects of licensing. The data introduced and discussed in this paper can help remedy this dearth of municipal licensing analyses.

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Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, vol. 10 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2045-2101

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Article
Publication date: 16 August 2011

Misty M. Kirby and Michael F. DiPaola

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships among academic optimism, community engagement, and student achievement in urban elementary schools across one district.

3129

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships among academic optimism, community engagement, and student achievement in urban elementary schools across one district.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from all 35 urban elementary schools across one district in Virginia, USA. Correlation, multiple regression, and factor analyses were used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

In schools where the faculty are optimistic that their students can succeed despite the obstacle of low socioeconomic status (SES) and where the community is engaged, students are more likely to achieve at higher levels. Findings of this study also supported that community engagement, collective efficacy, trust in clients, and academic press do act as predictors to collectively influence student achievement.

Research limitations/implications

The Goddard measure for collective efficacy was replaced with one developed for more challenging settings such as urban schools.

Practical implications

Academic optimism and community engagement were found to work in ways that improve student achievement. Understanding the social contexts in classrooms and schools allows education leaders to work with faculty in examining current practice, in an effort to improve the educational outcomes for all students, even those who must overcome the obstacles to learning posed by their low SES.

Originality/value

With only one previous study of this construct in an urban elementary setting, the current study sought to test those findings in an effort to continue pushing this research agenda into urban settings.

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Article
Publication date: 24 January 2020

Nitza Schwabsky, Ufuk Erdogan and Megan Tschannen-Moran

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of collective teacher efficacy, academic press and faculty trust, all of which are components of academic optimism (AO), in…

1067

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of collective teacher efficacy, academic press and faculty trust, all of which are components of academic optimism (AO), in predicting school innovation. In addition, the authors explored the extent to which faculty trust mediates the association between collective teacher efficacy and academic press with school innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

In all, 1,009 teachers from 79 schools in Northern Israel completed anonymous questionnaires about AO and innovation. Aggregation, descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation analyses and mediation analysis were performed to analyze the data.

Findings

Results showed that the components of AO, i.e., collective teacher efficacy, academic press and trust, were positively correlated to school innovation, and that trust mediated the relationship between collective teacher efficacy and school innovation. The study results confirmed that AO holds a significant predictive value in school innovation and highlights the importance of trust in supporting innovation.

Practical implications

As school leaders are challenged to foster innovative new practices in their schools, the findings suggest that they will need to know how to cultivate collective teacher efficacy, academic press and faculty trust.

Originality/value

This is the first study to examine the role of the components of AO in predicting innovation. By using a robust sample, the authors were able to examine the proposed school-level model with respect to the factors that affect school innovation. Originality also lies in the organizational approach to educational innovation in relation to faculty’s beliefs and behaviors.

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Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 58 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2000

Paulette M. Rothbauer and Lynne E.F. McKechnie

Content analysis was used to determine how a sample of 32 gay and lesbian novels for young adults were treated in 158 reviews from five prominent reviewing journals. Findings…

2027

Abstract

Content analysis was used to determine how a sample of 32 gay and lesbian novels for young adults were treated in 158 reviews from five prominent reviewing journals. Findings indicate that most reviews (84.8 percent) were favourable, many (79.7 percent) contained clear reference to the homosexual content, and there were few differences between the individual reviewing journals. Some reviews contained cautions and warnings about the gay and lesbian content, some denied or downplayed it, some justified the content if it was used to teach a lesson, and most described these stories as “problem” novels. Analysis also showed that gay and lesbian fiction is now regarded as a distinct genre of young adult literature. While librarians wishing to identify gay and lesbian fiction for collection development will be able to do so through the reviewing media, ambivalence about this literature and the young adults it represents was also evident in the reviews.

Details

Collection Building, vol. 19 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0160-4953

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2001

Scott R. Sweetland and Wayne K. Hoy

Spinning the truth is deception caused by adding, subtracting, and partially displaying information while communicating with others. A theoretical framework of six elements of…

785

Abstract

Spinning the truth is deception caused by adding, subtracting, and partially displaying information while communicating with others. A theoretical framework of six elements of truth spinning was developed from the literature and tested empirically. Two dimensions of truth spinning in schools emerged – principal spin and teacher spin. Reliable and valid scales for each were developed, and truth spinning was related to the theoretically relevant constructs of role conflict, powerlessness, and trust.

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Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 39 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1991

Margaret M Barwick

Interlending activities in various countries, particularly inacademic libraries, are examined. The growth of networking and theimportance of a strong infrastructure are discussed…

34

Abstract

Interlending activities in various countries, particularly in academic libraries, are examined. The growth of networking and the importance of a strong infrastructure are discussed. A system of cost recovery for large net‐lenders is outlined. Developments in copyright are reviewed.

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Interlending & Document Supply, vol. 19 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-1615

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Article
Publication date: 9 January 2024

Conor Norris, Edward Timmons, Ethan Kelley and Troy Carneal

This paper aims to discuss a new source of data detailing state level occupational licensing requirements for 50 professions.

69

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to discuss a new source of data detailing state level occupational licensing requirements for 50 professions.

Design/methodology/approach

This study's research team gathered state level licensing requirements for 50 profession in all 50 states and DC from 2022 to 2023. The authors include the type of regulation, entry requirements like fees, education, training, good moral character provisions and renewal requirements. The authors include Standard Occupational Classification industry codes to allow researchers to merge it with other publicly available data sources. Finally, the authors present descriptive statistics and provide a comparison of licensing requirements for audiologists, an occupation with variation in entry requirements.

Findings

The mean number of the 50 professions licensed in states is 36. On average, these professions require a bachelor's degree, $271 in licensing fees and 26 h of continuing education to renew. For the audiologist profession, there is considerable variation between states in entry requirements like fees and education.

Originality/value

Despite a large body of work on occupational licensing, data limitations still exist. Most analysis focuses on whether a profession is licensed or not. However, there is considerable variation between states for the same profession, providing an avenue for work estimating the effects of specific licensing requirements. A new source of data is introduced and discussed for researchers to use in future analyses of occupational licensing.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2045-2101

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 2004

Michele Hilton Boon and Vivian Howard

Analyzes selected Canadian public libraries' holdings of young adult fiction with gay, lesbian, bisexual and/or transgender content published between 1998 and 2002 in order to…

2428

Abstract

Analyzes selected Canadian public libraries' holdings of young adult fiction with gay, lesbian, bisexual and/or transgender content published between 1998 and 2002 in order to measure access to such fiction and to determine whether any evidence of bias on the part of selectors exists. Identifies 35 titles published between 1998 and 2002, a slight decrease from the previous five‐year period. These titles attracted 34 percent fewer reviews per title as compared to a randomly selected control group of non‐lesbian/gay/bisexual/transgender fiction for teens (LGBT) titles. On average, in the nine Canadian public libraries studied, significantly fewer copies of each LGBT title were held, as compared to the list of control titles. Without further investigation, the paper could not conclude whether this difference constitutes evidence of significant bias on the part of selectors. However, the data do show that certain libraries are significantly more likely to purchase the control titles that the LGBT titles, and that access to these titles varies according to one's location in Canada.

Details

Collection Building, vol. 23 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0160-4953

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1999

Thomas E. Nisonger

This bibliographic essay reviews the English‐language collection development and management literature published in 1997. Selection, deselection, access as an alternative to…

1612

Abstract

This bibliographic essay reviews the English‐language collection development and management literature published in 1997. Selection, deselection, access as an alternative to ownership, collection evaluation, user studies, organization and staffing for collection development, serials collection management, and electronic resource collection management, among other topics, are included. The primary emphasis is on articles, books, and book chapters. More than 180 items are covered in the essay.

Details

Collection Building, vol. 18 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0160-4953

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