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Article
Publication date: 17 May 2022

V.G. Girish, Jin-Young Lee, Choong-Ki Lee and Hossein Olya

This paper aims to understand the impact of smart working on employees’ quality of life. The service-dominant logic indicates that key actors, including employees, are resource…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to understand the impact of smart working on employees’ quality of life. The service-dominant logic indicates that key actors, including employees, are resource integrators. This empirical study contributes to the current knowledge of transformative service by expounding on smart working practices and their relationship with self-efficacy and, ultimately, quality of life of employees.

Design/methodology/approach

This study contends that smart working enhances employees’ self-efficacy. The current research uses conservation of resources (COR) theory as a basis in hypothesizing that self-efficacy serves as a key resource, which can stimulate workplace creativity, job satisfaction and quality of life. An onsite survey is conducted among employees who have been involved in smart working in the travel agency context.

Findings

Smart working has a positive effect on self-efficacy, which positively influences workplace creativity, job satisfaction and quality of life. Workplace creativity enhances job satisfaction but does not influence quality of life. Job satisfaction boosts quality of life, which is important to tourism services and their employees amid various crises.

Research limitations/implications

Consistent with COR theory, the immediate recommendation to managers is to invest in smart working, which can lead to employees’ creativity, job satisfaction and quality of life.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this empirical study is the first to assess the viability of smart working in the travel agency context. Smart working offers positive outcomes, such as convenience for employees to work independently, improving workplace creativity, job satisfaction and quality of life. Travel agencies are mainly categorized as small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In the future, SMEs may also introduce smart working that can eventually become their competitive advantage to retain talented employees.

旅行社中的智慧办公与员工的生活质量

目的

本文旨在了解智慧办公对员工的影响.服务主导逻辑表明, 员工等关键人物是资源整合者。本文通过实证研究揭示了智慧办公实践及其与员工自我效能和生活质量的关系, 对现有转型服务知识做出贡献。

设计/方法/路径

本研究认为智慧办公可以提高员工的自我效能。基于资源守恒理论(COR), 本研究假设自我效能是激发职场创造力、工作满意度和生活质量的关键因素, 对旅行社中参与智慧办公的员工进行了现场调查。

结果

智慧办公对自我效能有正向影响, 同时自我效能对职场创造力、工作满意度和生活质量均产生正向影响。职场创造力能够提高工作满意度, 但对员工的生活质量不起作用。另外, 工作满意度有利于提升生活质量, 这对面临各种危机的旅游企业和员工具有重要意义。

启示

根据COR理论, 即刻建议管理者投资推行智慧办公, 从而提升员工的创造力, 工作满意度和生活质量。

原创性/价值

这一实证研究首次尝试评估旅行社中推行智慧办公的可行性。智慧办公可带来多种积极效果, 如为员工独立工作提供便利, 提升员工的职场创造力、工作满意度和生活质量等。旅行社属于中小型企业(SMEs)。未来, 中小型企业同样可尝试引入智慧办公, 这将成为其留住优秀员工的竞争优势。

关键词:智慧办公, 公平评估, 自我效能, 创造力, 自主, 生活质量

文章类型: 研究型论文

El trabajo inteligente en las agencias de viajes y la calidad de vida de los empleados

Resumen

Propósito

Este artículo tiene como objetivo entender el impacto del trabajo inteligente en la calidad de vida de los empleados. Basándose en la lógica de servicio dominante, los actores clave, incluidos los empleados, son integradores de recursos. Este estudio empírico contribuye al conocimiento actual de lo que constituye un servicio transformador al exponer prácticas laborales inteligentes y su relación con la autoeficacia y, en última instancia, la calidad de vida de los empleados.

Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque

Este estudio sostiene que el trabajo inteligente mejora la autoeficacia de los empleados. Plantea la hipótesis de que la autoeficacia sirve como un recurso clave que puede estimular la creatividad en el lugar de trabajo, la satisfacción laboral y la calidad de vida utilizando la teoría de la conservación de recursos. Se ha realizado una encuesta in situ entre los empleados que han llevado a cabo trabajo inteligente en el contexto de la agencia de viajes.

Resultados

El trabajo inteligente tiene un efecto positivo en la autoeficacia que influye positivamente en la creatividad en el lugar de trabajo, la satisfacción laboral y la calidad de vida. La creatividad en el lugar de trabajo mejora la satisfacción laboral, pero no influye en la calidad de vida. La satisfacción laboral mejora la calidad de vida, lo que es importante tanto para los servicios turísticos como para sus empleados durante las crisis.

Implicaciones

De acuerdo con la teoría de la conservación de recursos, la recomendación inmediata a los gerentes es invertir en un trabajo inteligente que pueda conducir a la creatividad, la satisfacción laboral y la calidad de vida de los empleados.

Originalidad/Valor

Este estudio empírico es el primero del que tengamos constancia en evaluar la viabilidad del trabajo inteligente en el contexto de la agencia de viajes. El trabajo inteligente ofrece beneficios, como la posibilidad de que los empleados trabajen de forma independiente, mejorando así la creatividad profesional, la satisfacción laboral y la calidad de vida. Las agencias de viajes se incluyen principalmente en la categoría de pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes). En el futuro, las pymes también pueden introducir el trabajo inteligente, que puede llegar a convertirse en su ventaja competitiva para retener a los empleados con talento.

Palabras clave

Trabajo inteligente, Equidad en las valoraciones, Autoeficacia, Creatividad, Autonomía, Calidad de vida

Details

Tourism Review, vol. 77 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1660-5373

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Article
Publication date: 29 December 2023

V.G. Girish, Anindita Saha, R. Rex Immanuel and Bona Kim

The study aims to analyse the structural relationships of authenticity, health concern and sustainable intelligence in the farm restaurant context. Different types of restaurants…

340

Abstract

Purpose

The study aims to analyse the structural relationships of authenticity, health concern and sustainable intelligence in the farm restaurant context. Different types of restaurants have been targeted to understand consumer behaviour; however, the behavioural intention of visitors dining at the farm restaurants was rarely explored.

Design/methodology/approach

With the backdrop of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this study highlights the understanding, particularly on personal values associated with the behavioural intention of consumers visiting the farm restaurant. Data were collected, circulating questionnaires onsite and online at a farm restaurant. Structural equation modelling was employed to analyse the data.

Findings

Study findings reveal that personal values such as authenticity, health concern and sustainable intelligence positively influence the mediating constructs of TPB towards behavioural intention to revisit the farm restaurant.

Originality/value

This research might be the first one, exclusively focused on understanding the behavioural intention of the consumers visiting the farm restaurant, based on their personal values. This study specifically enriches the farm restaurant literature from the academic perspective and offers insights to farm restaurant owners and managers about the priorities of the consumers visiting the farm restaurant.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 126 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 10 April 2024

Ji Shi, Minwoo Lee, V.G. Girish, Guangyu Xiao and Choong-Ki Lee

This study aims to investigate tourists attitudes and intentions regarding the usage of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) for accessing tourism information…

2353

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate tourists attitudes and intentions regarding the usage of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) for accessing tourism information. Furthermore, by integrating the perceived risks associated with ChatGPT and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this research examines the impact of three types of perceived risks, such as privacy risk, accuracy risk and overreliance risk, on tourists behavioral intention.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were gathered for this study by using two online survey platforms, thus resulting in a sample of 536 respondents. The online survey questionnaire assessed tourists perceived risks, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention and demographic information related to their usage of ChatGPT.

Findings

The structural equation modeling analysis revealed that tourists express concerns about the associated risks of using ChatGPT to search for tourism information, specifically privacy risk, accuracy risk and overreliance risk. It was found that perceived risks significantly influence tourists attitude and intention toward the usage of ChatGPT, which is consistent with the hypotheses proposed in previous literature regarding tourists perceived risks of ChatGPT.

Research limitations/implications

This work is a preliminary empirical study that assesses tourists behavioral intention toward the use of ChatGPT in the field of tourism. Previous research has remained at the hypothetical level, speculating about the impact of ChatGPT on the tourism industry. This study investigates the behavioral intention of tourists who have used ChatGPT to search for travel information. Furthermore, this study provides evidence based on the outcome of this research and offers theoretical foundations for the sustainable development of generative AI in the tourism domain. This study has limitations in that it primarily focused on exploring the risks associated with ChatGPT and did not extensively investigate its range of benefits.

Practical implications

First, to address privacy concerns that pose significant challenges for chatbots various measures, such as data encryption, secure storage and obtaining user consent, are crucial. Second, despite concerns and uncertainties, the introduction of ChatGPT holds promising prospects for the tourism industry. By offering personalized recommendations and enhancing operational efficiency, ChatGPT has the potential to revolutionize travel experiences. Finally, recognizing the potential of ChatGPT in enhancing customer service and operational efficiency is crucial for tourism enterprises.

Social implications

Recognizing the potential of ChatGPT in enhancing customer service and operational efficiency is crucial for tourism enterprises. As their interest in adopting ChatGPT grows, increased investments and resources will be dedicated to developing and implementing ChatGPT solutions. This enhancement may involve creating customized ChatGPT solutions and actively engaging in training and development programs to empower employees in effectively using ChatGPTs capabilities. Such initiatives can contribute to improved customer service and overall operations within the tourism industry.

Originality/value

This study integrates TPB with perceived risks in ChatGPT, thus providing empirical evidence. It highlights the importance of considering perceived risks in tourists intentions and contributes to the sustainable development of generative AI in tourism. As such, it provides valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers.

研究目的

本研究旨在调查游客对使用ChatGPT获取旅游信息的态度和意向。此外, 通过将与ChatGPT相关的感知风险与计划行为理论(TPB)相结合, 本研究探讨了三种感知风险(隐私风险、准确性风险和过度依赖风险)对游客行为意向的影响。

研究方法

本研究通过两个在线调查平台收集了536名受访者的数据。在线调查问卷评估了游客对ChatGPT使用的感知风险、态度、主观规范、感知行为控制、行为意向以及与其使用ChatGPT相关的人口统计信息。

研究发现

结构方程建模分析显示, 游客对使用ChatGPT搜索旅游信息的相关风险表示关切, 特别是隐私风险、准确性风险和过度依赖风险。发现感知风险显著影响游客对使用ChatGPT的态度和意向, 与先前有关游客对ChatGPT感知风险的文献中提出的假设一致。

研究创新

本研究将TPB与ChatGPT中的感知风险相结合, 提供了实证证据。它强调了在考虑游客意向时考虑感知风险的重要性, 并为旅游中生成AI的可持续发展提供了贡献。因此, 它为从业者和政策制定者提供了宝贵的见解。

Details

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, vol. 15 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9880

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Article
Publication date: 28 August 2019

V.G. Girish and Choong-Ki Lee

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among brand experience, sports event image and loyalty in the Jeju International Ultramarathon Race.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among brand experience, sports event image and loyalty in the Jeju International Ultramarathon Race.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 313 ultramarathon runners during the 16th Jeju International Ultramarathon Race. Statistical analyses were carried out using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.

Findings

An analysis of the relationship between brand experience and sports event image revealed that affective experience is the most influential dimension, followed by sensory and behavioral experiences. However, intellectual experience showed insignificant relationship. Sports event image indicated a positive effect on word-of-mouth and revisit intention.

Research limitations/implications

Ultramarathon races are sporting events with few participants, even though it is becoming more popular. The attitude, motivation and personality of people participating in these races may be different in terms of the extreme characteristic and endurance level of sports activity. If the results of this study need to be generalized with other sports event images, a comparative study may help to understand the personality traits of people participating in ultramarathon races and other sports.

Practical implications

As ultramarathon races are not yet popular sports, to target more people, behavioral experience has an influential role because it is action oriented and actively engages the body. Enriching consumer life by facilitating and creating opportunities to physically experience as well as showing them alternate ways of doing things may attract them to substitute lifestyle and interactions (Pine and Gilmore, 1999). Few other popular endurance race events organize short-distance races and kid races for fun (e.g. Lavaredo Ultra trail race), to engage friends and family members before the start of the main event. Doing so may provide an opportunity to attract more runners, and they may engage in running activities and participate in these kinds of events later, after having this sort of casual experience.

Social implications

Social networking sites may be used to maintain continuous interaction with the runners and followers. Supporting a social cause is another measure to generate the intellectual experience of sports events. The result of this study shows no significant relationship between intellectual experience and the sports event image. To increase the worldwide popularity of this race and to attract more international runners, a judicious use of web platforms may be an option to maintain regular contact with a wider group of audience.

Originality/value

This study is the first to examine the relationship between brand experience and sports event image in an ultramarathon event context. Findings contribute to an understanding of the impact of brand experience on sports event image, thereby influencing the loyalty of runners participating in an ultramarathon event.

Details

International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, vol. 20 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1464-6668

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Book part
Publication date: 29 November 2019

Bilge Aykol, Manolya Aksatan and I˙layda I˙pek

Drawing on the confirmation–disconfirmation paradigm and the elaboration likelihood model, this study builds and tests a conceptual model that examines the effect of perceived…

Abstract

Drawing on the confirmation–disconfirmation paradigm and the elaboration likelihood model, this study builds and tests a conceptual model that examines the effect of perceived authenticity on affective and behavioural outcomes as well as the moderating role of consumer involvement on the link between authenticity and satisfaction. The model was tested on data collected from 224 members of a theatre audience using structural equation modelling. Results indicate that perceived authenticity associated with both the core arts product and the venue enhances audience satisfaction which is a strong predictor of intention to recommend. Audience involvement with theatre moderates the link between authenticity of venue and satisfaction, with this association being stronger for low-involvement consumers.

Details

Atmospheric Turn in Culture and Tourism: Place, Design and Process Impacts on Customer Behaviour, Marketing and Branding
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-070-2

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2024

Ying-Kai Liao, Huseyin Fadullah Gungor, V.G. Girish, Jinyoung Lee and Wann-Yih Wu

This study aims to analyze the push and pull factors and its relationship with the theory of planned behavior about non-vegetarians’ intentions to buy plant-based meat products…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the push and pull factors and its relationship with the theory of planned behavior about non-vegetarians’ intentions to buy plant-based meat products. Previous studies seldom explored the intention of non-vegetarians’ intention to buy plant-based meat products.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey was conducted among 447 non-vegetarians to investigate these relationships. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to scrutinize the data.

Findings

Among the push factors product safety and flavor positively influence consumers’ attitude, whereas environmental protection and flavor positively influence subjective norms. Animal welfare, environmental protection and flavor positively influence perceived behavioral control. Among the pull factors, curiosity, product nutrition and price positively influence consumer attitudes toward plant-based meat products. Curiosity and price also positively influence subjective norms, but only product nutrition positively influences perceived behavioral control. On the other hand, the results also confirm that non-vegetarian customers' intentions to buy plant-based meat products is primarily influenced by attitude and perceived behavioral control, whereas subjective norms do not influence the intention to buy plant-based meat products. This study also reveals that there exists a moderating influence from perceived behavioral control between attitude and intention to buy plant-based meat products, whereas the moderating effect of perceived behavioral control on subjective norms and intention is insignificant.

Originality/value

The findings of this study offer practical recommendations for persuasive marketing strategies associated with plant-based meat substitutes.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 127 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 9 April 2024

Yannis Lianopoulos, Nikoleta Kotsi, Thomas Karagiorgos and Nicholas D. Theodorakis

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interrelationships among the dimensions of sport event experience, event satisfaction and event behavioral intentions.

452

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interrelationships among the dimensions of sport event experience, event satisfaction and event behavioral intentions.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample was comprised of 186 individuals who actively participated in a mass participation sport event. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the relationships among the latent constructs.

Findings

The results indicated that the dimensions of sport event experience predicted 55% of the variance of event satisfaction and 63% of the variance of event behavioral intentions was predicted by sport event experience dimensions and event satisfaction. Specifically, the sensory, affective and relational dimensions of experience sought to have a statistically significant and positive association with event satisfaction, while event satisfaction and the relational dimension of experience were found to have a statistically significant and positive correlation with event behavioral intentions. In addition, event satisfaction was found to mediate the relationships between sensory, affective and relational experiences and event behavioral intentions.

Originality/value

The present study is one of the first that explores the relationships among sport event experience’s dimensions, event satisfaction and positive behavioral intentions in the context of sport event participation.

Details

International Journal of Event and Festival Management, vol. 15 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1758-2954

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Article
Publication date: 23 August 2021

Yannis Lianopoulos, Nicholas D. Theodorakis, Kostas Alexandris and Magda Papanikolaou

Given the increased competition among running events, it is important for event organizers to comprehend how they can retain a base of loyal customers. The purpose of the present…

657

Abstract

Purpose

Given the increased competition among running events, it is important for event organizers to comprehend how they can retain a base of loyal customers. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between sport event personality and loyalty intentions of runners participating in a running event. More specifically, it examined the relationship of sport event personality dimensions with the overall image of a sporting event as well as the association of event image with runners’ loyalty intentions.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 247 participants of an international running event. A structural equation model analysis was followed.

Findings

The results showed that three dimensions of event personality (namely, excitement, sophistication and sincerity) predicted event image, which in turn positively associated with loyalty intentions.

Practical implications

The study discusses how event managers can improve the image of their events in order to increase their customers’ loyalty levels.

Originality/value

This is one of the first endeavors that examined the role of event image, a construct that has not received much attention in the context of road races, in a model concerning event participation.

Details

Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-678X

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Article
Publication date: 10 September 2018

Darwish Abdulrahman Yousef

The purpose of this paper is to address the use of Honey and Mumford’s Learning Styles Questionnaire (LSQ) to investigate the learning style preferences of undergraduate students…

1837

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to address the use of Honey and Mumford’s Learning Styles Questionnaire (LSQ) to investigate the learning style preferences of undergraduate students at the American University of Ras Al Khaimah (AURAK) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) culture. It also investigates whether there are significant differences across the four dimensions of learning styles due to students’ demographics.

Design/methodology/approach

Questionnaires were distributed to a sample of 200 undergraduate students at AURAK in the UAE. The majority of students were Arabic native-speakers. Descriptive statistics were used to present the main characteristics of respondents and the results of the study. The independent samples t-test, Mann–Whitney test and Kurskal–Wallis test were used to find out if there are significant differences across the four dimensions of learning styles due to students’ demographics.

Findings

The results of the study illustrated that undergraduate students at AURAK have preferences for the reflector (15.0), pragmatist (14.2), theorist (13.9) and activist (12.3) learning styles. Moreover, there are only significant differences between Emirati and non-Emirati students across the four learning styles and between single and married students in the theorist learning style.

Research limitations/implications

This study has a number of limitations. First, the findings of the study are based on the data collected from only one university. Second, the sample is limited to undergraduate students and, therefore, it excludes graduate students who might have different experiences. Third, the results are based on a self-reported questionnaire which might affect the reliability of the results. On the other hand, it has a number of implications for educators and students. Educators will benefit from the results of this study in the sense that they need to adopt teaching styles and strategies that match the learning styles of the majority of their students. Students themselves will benefit from knowing their own learning style.

Originality/value

The present study validates a learning style theory developed in a western culture in an Arabic culture.

Details

Education + Training, vol. 60 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0040-0912

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Article
Publication date: 4 April 2016

Darwish Abdulrahman Yousef

Although there are many studies addressing the learning styles of business students as well as students of other disciplines, there are few studies which address the learning…

1660

Abstract

Purpose

Although there are many studies addressing the learning styles of business students as well as students of other disciplines, there are few studies which address the learning style preferences of statistics students. The purpose of this study is to explore the learning style preferences of statistics students at a United Arab Emirates University (UAEU). Furthermore, it investigates whether there are statistically significant differences along the four dimensions of learning styles due to students’ demographic and academic characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach

Questionnaires were distributed to the whole population which included 79 undergraduate statistics students at the UAEU, of which 69 returned the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were used to present the main characteristics of respondents and the results of the study. Additionally, a chi-square test was used to find out if there were significant differences along the four dimensions of learning style preferences due to students’ demographic and academic characteristics.

Findings

The results indicate that UAEU undergraduate statistics students have balanced preferences along the four dimensions of learning styles. Results also suggest that there are no statistically significant differences along the four dimensions of learning styles due to students’ demographic and academic characteristics, except in the active-reflective and sensing-intuitive dimensions with respect to high school type (private vs public).

Research limitations/implications

There are a number of limitations associated with this study. First, the findings of the study are based on data from only one university. Second, the sample was small and limited to undergraduate statistics students and, therefore, it excluded graduate students who might have had different experiences. Third, the results are based on a self-reported questionnaire and this, in turn, might have affected the reliability of the results On the other hand, it has a number of implications for educators and students. Educators will benefit from the results of this study in the sense that they will adopt teaching styles and strategies that match learning styles of the majority of their students. Students themselves will benefit from knowing their own learning style.

Originality/value

The present study is the first attempt to explore learning styles preference of undergraduate students not only in the UAE setting but also in the developing country setting.

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