So NAVEX 69 is over. Looking at the 95 stands of the exhibition of audio‐visual aids and materials in the great hall at Olympia no one would have suspected that this is a year for…
Abstract
So NAVEX 69 is over. Looking at the 95 stands of the exhibition of audio‐visual aids and materials in the great hall at Olympia no one would have suspected that this is a year for education in which the bread has been very thinly buttered indeed. It was only when one eaves‐dropped on teacher conversations on the stands and in the bar that one could piece together a refrain which seemed to go ‘It's all very nice, but we haven't got the money to buy’. Neither is there nor the money to rent either, and it would seem that Rank REC has entered the market at an inauspicious time with its admirable Talking Page. At least this would appear to be so since the first programmes for the Talking Page are aimed at the primary school. In this period of parsimony it is encouraging to note the move made by the forward thinking Inner London Education Authority which has offered to pay for two years half the cost of all audio‐visual equipment ordered by secondary schools and two thirds of the cost of primary school orders. This scheme will relieve the strain on capitation allowances and will act very definitely in the favour of the primary school. In this way the progression of educational technology will not necessarily be over‐slowed in the London area. This view is not taken by many in education who, if there are cuts to be made, would place educational technology high on their list of priorities for retrenchment.
Amir T. Payandeh Najafabadi and Fatemeh Atatalab
The usual, simple and computationally expensive recovery payment method for a given reinsurance treaty, besides the total run-off triangle, builds a new run-off triangle, say…
Abstract
Purpose
The usual, simple and computationally expensive recovery payment method for a given reinsurance treaty, besides the total run-off triangle, builds a new run-off triangle, say recovery run-off triangle, for the reinsurer’s contribution and predicts the reinsurer’s contribution to the total loss reserves. This paper, without building a recovery run-off triangle, uses the available prior knowledge about a reinsurance treaty to predict the cedent’s loss reserve under five reinsurance treaties.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors propose a new solution to the problem of how to consider reserving issues when there is a reinsurance treaty for a portfolio of general insurance policies. Considering this when determining pricing or making capital decisions is very important.
Findings
In particular, it considers the quota share (QS) treaty, surplus (SPL) treaty, excess-of-loss (XL) treaty, largest claims reinsurance (LCR) treaty and excédent du coût moyen relatif (ECOMOR) treaty. Then, it develops a theoretical foundation for predicting the cedent’s loss reserve and evaluating such prediction using the mean square error of prediction (MSEP). The impact of such reinsurance treaties on the variability of the cedent’s loss reserve has been investigated through a simulation study.
Originality/value
This paper, without building a recovery run-off triangle, uses the available prior knowledge about a reinsurance treaty to predict the cedent’s loss reserve under five reinsurance treaties. In particular, it considers the QS treaty, SPL treaty, XL treaty, LCR treaty and ECOMOR treaty. Then, it develops a theoretical foundation for predicting the cedent’s loss reserve and evaluating such prediction using the MSEP. The impact of such reinsurance treaties on the variability of the cedent’s loss reserve has been investigated through a simulation study.
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Seoyeon Kim, Lucinda L. Austin and Barbara Miller Gaither
This study examined how consumer response to corporations that take a stand (or not) on social/political issues – varied by “fit” between the company and the advocated issue – was…
Abstract
Purpose
This study examined how consumer response to corporations that take a stand (or not) on social/political issues – varied by “fit” between the company and the advocated issue – was mediated by perceptions of the motives for the advocacy.
Design/methodology/approach
A 2 (corporate stand: stand v. no stand) × 2 (company-issue fit: high v. low) experiment was conducted with a nationally representative sample of 1,204 U.S. adult consumers.
Findings
The study found that the effect of corporate stand taking on perceived corporate hypocrisy was moderated by company-issue fit. Also, companies were viewed as more hypocritical when taking a stand on an issue that was less relevant to the company’s business, despite the CSA being seen as being values-driven.
Originality/value
The study provides guidelines for companies to determine when and whether to take a stand on a CSA issue. Particularly, the results suggest that values promotion is not the sole determinant of successful CSA and that company-issue fit should be taken into account for a more comprehensive assessment of the given CSA.
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F.H. Rolf Seringhaus and Philip J. Rosson
This paper brings together two significant export management issues: international trade fairs and export promotion. Trade fairs play a market development and expansion role while…
Abstract
This paper brings together two significant export management issues: international trade fairs and export promotion. Trade fairs play a market development and expansion role while export support is aimed at building foreign market capability. This study examines companies at international trade fairs exhibiting on government stands and their own, independent stands. Discriminant analysis shows that the two groups of exhibitors differ in company strategy and trade fair performance. As well, staff training activities and visitor attraction are analysed, with the latter showing a clear relationship with performance. Implications for exporters and export promotion agencies are discussed and research directions given.
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Purpose – This chapter explores the use of music and celebrity endorsements in political campaigns of the United States. It focuses on two aspects: (1) the…
Abstract
Purpose – This chapter explores the use of music and celebrity endorsements in political campaigns of the United States. It focuses on two aspects: (1) the legality of a political campaign’s use of music at rallies and in advertisements without authorization from the owner of the musical work and (2) a review of the literature on the potential effect of the use of music in political campaigns on voter behavior.
Design/methodology/approach – A brief history of the use of music in political campaigns precedes an examination of the expansion of copyright law protection for music and the legal claims musicians may raise against the unauthorized use of music by political campaigns. The chapter then reviews the potential effect of political campaigns’ use of music and celebrity endorsements on voter behavior.
Findings – A musician’s primary legal protection falls under copyright law, but the courts disagree on whether the unauthorized use of music at political rallies and in political campaign advertisements results in copyright infringement. Social research suggests music and celebrity endorsements affect voter behavior with a likely greater effect on first-time voters.
Originality/value of chapter – This chapter introduces the complicated application of copyright law to the unauthorized use of musical works by political campaigns. Additionally, it notes the limited research on the effect of music and celebrity endorsements on voter behavior even as political campaigns increasingly target niche demographics with specific music selections to motivate voters to vote.
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Jiongen Xiao, Chunyu Li and Ling Peng
Consumers’ motivations for purchasing counterfeit branded luxuries are a topic of heated discussion amongst academics and practitioners. Drawing on self-discrepancy theory, the…
Abstract
Purpose
Consumers’ motivations for purchasing counterfeit branded luxuries are a topic of heated discussion amongst academics and practitioners. Drawing on self-discrepancy theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of actual-ideal self-discrepancy on consumers’ attitudes towards counterfeit branded luxuries. It investigates how self-monitoring and perceived social risk moderate this effect. Furthermore, it explores cross-cultural differences in the impact of actual-ideal self-discrepancy.
Design/methodology/approach
A pilot study provides preliminary evidence that highlights the importance of actual-ideal self-discrepancy in counterfeit consumption. Based upon a large-scale survey across Hong Kong, the USA and Australia, the principal study explores the moderating effect of self-monitoring and perceived social risk as well as cross-cultural differences.
Findings
The results indicate that self-discrepancy increases consumers’ tendency to engage in symbolic consumption, and that consumption of counterfeit branded luxuries can serve the social function of self-expression to reduce the discomfort induced by self-discrepancy. Self-monitoring and perceived social risk have significant moderating effects, with the former strengthening and the latter attenuating this effect. Moreover, the effect of self-discrepancy is more pronounced amongst individualistic consumers than collectivistic consumers.
Originality/value
This is the first study to highlight the significance of self-discrepancy in the consumption of counterfeit branded luxuries. It examines the important moderating effects of self-monitoring and perceived social risk. Consumers from collectivistic and individualistic cultures define their self-concept differently, thus the findings provide meaningful cross-cultural information on the impact of self-discrepancy in counterfeit consumption.
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The purpose of this paper is to extend the studies of commercial property yields by providing a cross-field approach through the implementation of methods used in physics.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to extend the studies of commercial property yields by providing a cross-field approach through the implementation of methods used in physics.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on the equations used to describe real gases in physics, the commercial property yields are expressed through a model, as a product of two terms. The first term estimates the influence of the income change and investment on yields. The second estimates the yield variation as a function of property size. Additionally, the model combines the macroeconomic and microeconomic components influencing yield adjustment. Calculation of each component involves procedures developed in physics, with the investment volume being linked to the amount of gas and the microeconomic yield being linked to the gas compressibility.
Findings
The model was applied to the Auckland office and industrial markets, both to the historic and current cycle. At the macro-level, it was found that the use of accumulation of investment over a relevant cycle, results in a high data to model correlation. When modelling the yields at the micro-level, a relationship between the outlying properties and the yield softening was observed.
Practical implications
The paper provides an enhanced modelling power through association of the cyclic and investment activity with the yield change. Moreover, the model may be used to decouple the local and the international investment components and the extent of their influence on the local property market. Furthermore, it may be used to estimate the influence of the property size on the yield.
Originality/value
This research provides a new cross-field application of modelling techniques and enhances the understanding of factors influencing yield adjustments.
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Serena Sofia, Federico Guglielmo Maetzke, Maria Crescimanno, Alessandro Coticchio, Donato Salvatore La Mela Veca and Antonino Galati
This article aims to compare the LiDAR handheld mobile laser scanner (HMLS) scans with traditional survey methods, as the tree gauge and the hypsometer, to study the efficiency of…
Abstract
Purpose
This article aims to compare the LiDAR handheld mobile laser scanner (HMLS) scans with traditional survey methods, as the tree gauge and the hypsometer, to study the efficiency of the new technology in relation to the accuracy of structural forest attributes estimation useful to support a sustainable forest management.
Design/methodology/approach
A case study was carried out in a high forest located in Tuscany (Italy), by considering 5 forest types, in 20 different survey plots. A comparative analysis between two survey methods will be shown in order to verify the potential limits and the viability of the LiDAR HMLS in the forest field.
Findings
This research demonstrates that LiDAR HMLS technology allows to obtain a large amount of valuable data on forest structural parameters in a short span of time with a high level of accuracy and with obvious impact in terms of organisational efficiency.
Practical implications
Findings could be useful for forest owners highlighting the importance of investing in science and technology to improve the overall efficiency of forest resources management.
Originality/value
This article adds to the current knowledge on the precision forestry topic by providing insight on the feasibility and effectiveness of using precision technologies for monitoring forest ecosystems and dynamics. In particular, this study fills the gap in the literature linked to the need to have practical examples of the use of innovative technologies in forestry.
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This paper studies product adoption as modeled by Katz and Shapiro (1986) in an experimental setting. Two sellers offer competing, incompatible technologies and two groups of…
Abstract
This paper studies product adoption as modeled by Katz and Shapiro (1986) in an experimental setting. Two sellers offer competing, incompatible technologies and two groups of buyers make purchase decisions sequentially in a two-stage game of complete information. Value to a buyer from purchasing a technology depends on the total number of buyers of that technology (installed base). There is mixed evidence that the results are qualitatively consistent with equilibrium predictions laid out in theory. Buyers of technology display behavior close to equilibrium predictions. However, the sellers in the laboratory do not exploit their installed bases significantly.