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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2005

Norella M. Putney and Vern L. Bengtson

A major aim of contemporary research on multigenerational families is to investigate changes in intergenerational dynamics within the context of changing historical times. We…

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Abstract

A major aim of contemporary research on multigenerational families is to investigate changes in intergenerational dynamics within the context of changing historical times. We highlight ways in which recent historical trends such as population aging, changing patterns of family formation and dissolution, changing life cycle boundaries and women’s increased laborforce participation have altered family structures, functions, and role expectations, especially those of women. Illustrating the usefulness of the life course perspective in family research, results from a longitudinal study of five cohorts of women are presented. Findings show that in midlife Baby Boom women are significantly more depressed and have lower self‐esteem than older cohorts of women, despite their earlier advantages. Work/family stress contributed to higher depression. Baby Boom women dissatisfied with their marriages were significantly more depressed in midlife than Silent Generation women, at comparable levels of dissatisfaction, suggesting the meaning of marriage may have shifted. Biographical and historical timing appeared to matter for the psychological functioning of Baby Boom women in midlife. Silent Generation women did not have to juggle work and family in the same way as Baby Boom women. Having started their child bearing at a later age, Baby Boomers were then confronted by a changing economy, the intensified demands of work and family and the growing contingency of marriage and employment.

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International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 25 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 7 November 2016

Josh Matti and Amanda Ross

There are countless factors that affect where an entrepreneur chooses to open a business that have been studied in the literature, including local socio-economic conditions…

613

Abstract

Purpose

There are countless factors that affect where an entrepreneur chooses to open a business that have been studied in the literature, including local socio-economic conditions, government policy, and agglomeration economies. One important aspect to the location decision that has not received as much attention from researchers thus far is the impact of crime on entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the current literature on this topic, with a particular emphasis on the empirical issues present that have likely caused the research in this area to be scarce.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conduct an analysis of the current state of the literature examining the relationship between crime and entrepreneurship. Looking at what has been done in the past, as well as improvements in the data, the authors discuss what has been done and what can be done in the future.

Findings

The authors discuss areas related to entrepreneurship and crime that the authors see as an emerging literature, based largely on the improvements in data and identification strategies that allow the authors to answer questions that the authors previously could not.

Originality/value

This paper is a review of the current literature, which also discusses areas that future researchers should consider and analyze further.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, vol. 5 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2045-2101

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Book part
Publication date: 10 June 2024

Judith Tröndle, Lisa Pfahl and Boris Traue

The role of caregivers and issues of parenting are controversial in research on disability. While appreciating the historical and political reasons to critique power relations in…

Abstract

The role of caregivers and issues of parenting are controversial in research on disability. While appreciating the historical and political reasons to critique power relations in care systems and care relations, we argue that it is important to consider parents' and other caregivers' positions. A reconsideration provides insights into pervasive effects of ableism defining not only the individual child but parents and other relatives as well. We draw from extensive research on couples parenting a child with disability in Germany (Tröndle, 2022a). This study seeks to understand how parents of a child with disability cannot avoid understanding themselves as “special parents.” Through analyzing shared life stories of couples and individual biographies, the study reconstructs how identities evolve differently depending on their work-sharing arrangements. Based on our findings, the couples experience difficulties in maintaining dual employment arrangements. They become “unable” to step outside of the logic of welfare and health provision and structures of the labor market. Couples begin to explain their situation and the discrimination they experience by reflecting themselves as “special parents.” Heteronormative and ableist expectations hinder them in articulating resistance and gaining agency as allies of their children, facilitating positions of complicity. We argue that the approach suggested by this study – namely including the ambiguous situation of caregivers in Disability Studies – can encourage other researchers to consider othering and ableism of and by caregivers.

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Disability and the Changing Contexts of Family and Personal Relationships
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-221-6

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2016

Filippo Emanuele Ciarapica, Maurizio Bevilacqua and Giovanni Mazzuto

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of technical and management practices of a new product development (NPD) project on the project success in terms of…

2087

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of technical and management practices of a new product development (NPD) project on the project success in terms of observed value-added time. The authors address the research questions: “How do the product innovation aspects, information process, suppliers integration and project team aspects influence the success of NPD projects in terms of observed value-added time?”

Design/methodology/approach

Specific hypotheses are posed based on literature research and semi-structured interviews with project managers used for the pilot study. In total, 40 projects carried out by multinational corporation, concerning NPD, are analysed, comparing product and project features with results obtained in terms of performance indexes usually used in “Lean Production” sector: “waste time”; and “type of wastes”.

Findings

This research highlighted that “over-processing” is the most important waste made in the projects when the product concept is Completely New. Great support has been found for the hypothesis that a clear definition of products’ concept can reduce waste time. Unexpected result has been obtained analysing “Information process aspects” category where the more frequent use of support systems (i.e. quality function deployment, computer-integrated manufacturing, computer-aided design, etc.) tended to increase waste time. Important connections have also been found between project team aspects and low waste time.

Practical implications

The identification of sources of waste can help managers to assess their current innovation practices, identify gaps between their current practice and best practice, and define action plans to close those gaps.

Originality/value

In literature, researches exploring the effects that both organizational and managerial factors have on value-added has received only scant attention. This study attempts to bridge this gap, and takes a first step to investigate the role of product innovation aspects, information process, supplier integration and project team aspects in “value-added time” in a NPD project.

Details

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. 65 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0401

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Book part
Publication date: 14 October 2009

Rune Elvik, Alena Høye, Truls Vaa and Michael Sørensen

Abstract

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The Handbook of Road Safety Measures
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84855-250-0

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1987

E. ANDREEWSKY, V. ROSENTHAL and D. BOURCIER

It is the purpose of this paper to indicate certain difficulties confronting traditional approaches to language comprehension. Examples of these difficulties will be presented…

1128

Abstract

It is the purpose of this paper to indicate certain difficulties confronting traditional approaches to language comprehension. Examples of these difficulties will be presented based on linguistic, psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic observations. We shall submit that efforts to provide a satisfactory account of these observations must entail a reconceptualization of language comprehension within a systems framework. A computer simulation of these observations indicates the feasibility of a simple model specifying a preliminary phase of language comprehension. This phase is defined as involving an interactive interface between the morphological properties of linguistic stimuli and the individual's “knowledge of the world”.

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Kybernetes, vol. 16 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

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Book part
Publication date: 21 June 2024

Sunil K. Verma, Saswati Bhattacharya and Tushar Singh

The aim of the present study was to identify the pattern of intergenerational relations in interdependent society, examine the role of family functioning on it and the role of…

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to identify the pattern of intergenerational relations in interdependent society, examine the role of family functioning on it and the role of demographic variables (location, economic class, and familial role) on intergenerational relations, and study the processes of different types of intergenerational relations (solidarity, ambivalence, and conflict). India being an interdependent society emphasizes the family bonds where more than one generation cohabits together. Thus, exploring the intergenerational ties and family dynamics becomes an important factor to examine. The present study anchored in Kagitcibasi’s Family Change Theory investigates intergenerational relationships in India, examining the shift from joint to modified extended families. With 720 participants in urban and rural areas, the research explores cultural attitudes, socioeconomic variables, and coping strategies and intergenerational dynamics within families. Findings reveal prevalent solidarity, ambivalence, and affection, with rural–urban distinctions. The study underscores the importance of understanding intergenerational dynamics, providing insights for scholars, policymakers, and social workers to enhance support networks. The research contributes valuable knowledge to address evolving family needs in the context of changing societal norms and economic factors.

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Indian Families: Contemporary Family Structures and Dynamics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-595-2

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Article
Publication date: 2 October 2023

Ki-Hyun Um

This study develops a conceptualization of NPD (new product development) complexity and explores how inter-organizational collaboration and conflict influence NPD performance.

283

Abstract

Purpose

This study develops a conceptualization of NPD (new product development) complexity and explores how inter-organizational collaboration and conflict influence NPD performance.

Design/methodology/approach

An empirical examination tests the proposed relationships in the context of Korean manufacturing firms, which currently engage in NPD projects with their key partners. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the hypotheses.

Findings

The findings suggest that a higher level of NPD complexity simultaneously calls for inter-organizational collaboration and conflict, and these two factors influence NPD performance in a conflicting manner: inter-organizational collaboration serves as a driver, and inter-organizational conflict acts as a barrier against NPD performance.

Originality/value

This study provides answers to the academic and practical calls by providing how NPD complexity should be managed in a way to increase NPD performance. This study provides insight into how manufacturing firms form inter-organizational collaboration practices and why they need to mitigate inter-organizational conflict.

Details

Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, vol. 34 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-038X

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2004

Gregory N. Stock and Mohan V. Tatikonda

This paper empirically examines the process of acquiring technology from a source, external to the firm, and incorporating it into a new product or operational process under…

3178

Abstract

This paper empirically examines the process of acquiring technology from a source, external to the firm, and incorporating it into a new product or operational process under development. We refer to this key activity in product and process innovation as external technology integration. This paper develops a conceptual model of external technology integration based on organizational information processing theory and a wide range of technology management literature. Field interviews were conducted to evaluate the validity of the model across diverse settings. Our results indicate general support for the conceptual model. We close with a discussion of the implications of this study for both theory and practice.

Details

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 24 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3577

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Article
Publication date: 2 November 2015

Melek Akın Ateş, Jan Van den Ende and Guido Ianniello

The purpose of this paper is to investigate inter-organizational coordination (IOC) patterns between the buying firm, design agency, and component supplier in new product…

1361

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate inter-organizational coordination (IOC) patterns between the buying firm, design agency, and component supplier in new product development (NPD) projects and to identify the determinants of these approaches.

Design/methodology/approach

Seven NPD projects are examined using the multiple-case study method. Data are collected from five design agencies, two buying firms, and two suppliers in Italy and the Netherlands.

Findings

Building on organizational information-processing and resource dependence theories, and based on the case study findings, four patterns of IOC approaches are proposed: buyer as mediator, buyer-designer partnership, designer as integrator, and team design activities. Two determinants of these approaches are suggested: the degree of novelty of the product/project (radical vs incremental) and the design approach (user oriented vs design driven).

Research limitations/implications

Although the NPD projects are chosen from a wide variety of industries, the relatively small number of cases limits generalizability. The four IOC approaches proposed in this study should be tested in wider samples, possibly by means of the survey method.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that practitioners need to understand the determinants of the different IOC approaches to manage joint NPD projects most effectively. The authors also suggest that practitioners pay attention to the distinct roles of different types of suppliers while deciding on the appropriate coordination mechanisms to adopt. Finally, the results illustrate that buying firms need to consider empowering a supplier in an incremental NPD project if the supplier has a very distinctive capability that does not exist in the buying firm.

Originality/value

Previous research primarily focusses on dyadic-level buyer-supplier relationships in NPD projects. In this study, the authors adopt triads as the unit of analysis and specifically focus on cases that involve both component suppliers and design agencies.

Details

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 35 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3577

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