Oleg M. Yaroshenko, Volodymyr M. Steshenko, Hanna V. Anisimova, Galina O. Yakovleva and Mariia S. Nabrusko
The purpose of this paper is to examine the international regional system of the preservation of the right to health in the European human rights system through the work of the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the international regional system of the preservation of the right to health in the European human rights system through the work of the ECtHR, to analyse the case law of the ECHR based on the human right to health. This purpose determines the following tasks: to identify the features of the realization of the right to health in the European mechanism of human rights protection; to study the mechanism of realization of the right to health in the activity of the ECtHR; to describe the case law of the ECtHR in terms of the right to health.
Design/methodology/approach
The “black letter” law methodology is used to focus attention on conducting research on the letter of the law and the desire to conduct a descriptive analysis of legal norms, based on primary sources.
Findings
On the basis of the conducted researches, it is possible to draw a conclusion that the ECHR, albeit implicitly, refers to the right to health as well.
Originality/value
The right to health is included in the catalogue of the most important universally recognized human rights and is most often considered as an integral part of socio-economic human rights, but there is no special universal or regional mechanism for protecting this category of rights.
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Nataliia A. Lytvyn, Anatolii I. Berlach, Nataliia M. Kovalko, Alla A. Melnyk and Hanna V. Berlach
The research topicality is stipulated by the need to study the legal regulation problems of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population in Ukraine and to…
Abstract
Purpose
The research topicality is stipulated by the need to study the legal regulation problems of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population in Ukraine and to consider positive experience of the developed countries in this area. The aim of the article is to define the main trends in the legal regulation of healthcare in Ukraine; analyze the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population, and positive and negative aspects of the healthcare reform; to explore the international experience in medical services for its implementation to national law enforcement in the sphere of healthcare.
Design/methodology/approach
During the research, systematization and generalization of the positive international experience in the legal regulation of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population were realized.
Findings
The analysis of the population's perception of healthcare innovations was carried out. The level of medical service was assessed. The results showed that in order to improve Ukrainian legislation on healthcare, it is necessary to remove absolute conflicts of normative legal acts; to establish public confidence in innovations and changes; to take into account international experience adapting it to specific features of Ukrainian legislation.
Originality/value
The defined theoretical and applied provisions constitute the practical significance for scholars and practicians, who deal with the legal regulation problems of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population, university professors training highly qualified personnel, and all interested people concerned with healthcare.
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Based more on practical (and contextual), rather than theoretical grounds, over time, job satisfaction came to be the work attitude of choice for many early researchers interested…
Abstract
Purpose
Based more on practical (and contextual), rather than theoretical grounds, over time, job satisfaction came to be the work attitude of choice for many early researchers interested in studying the relationship between employee attitudes and efficiency. Surprisingly, research examining the basis for why this belief is practically nonexistent. This paper addresses this apparent void in the organizational literature.
Design/methodology/approach
First, a historical overview of the development of job attitudes is introduced. Second, incorporating important early, but now mostly forgotten, research on employee boredom, fatigue and customer satisfaction, a “missing link” explanation is presented for job satisfaction eventually becoming the “job attitude of choice” in organizational research.
Findings
Integrating early research from two long‐forgotten streams of organizational research, this paper provides a practical (and contextual) framework for why job satisfaction became the most widely used measure of happiness in the happy/productive worker thesis.
Practical implications
Future research endeavors on the happy/productive worker thesis might greatly benefit from an awareness of the important, but now mostly forgotten, stream of early research on worker well‐being.
Originality/value
This historical paper provides the reader with a better understanding of the contextual framework for how the fascination with job satisfaction developed over time.
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For many years now, both organizational researchers and practitioners alike have been interested in the role played by employee happiness on a number of workplace outcomes. In…
Abstract
For many years now, both organizational researchers and practitioners alike have been interested in the role played by employee happiness on a number of workplace outcomes. In particular, many have been fascinated by the happy/productive worker thesis. According to this hypothesis, happy employees exhibit higher levels of job-related performance behaviors than do unhappy employees. However, despite decades of research, support for the happy/productive worker thesis remains equivocal. These inconsistent findings primarily result from the variety of ways in which happiness has been operationalized. Most typically, organizational theorists have operationalized happiness as job satisfaction, as the presence of positive affect, as the absence of negative affect, as the lack of emotional exhaustion, and as psychological well being. I will review this literature using the circumplex framework as the taxonomic guideline. In addition, drawing on the impetus of the “positive psychology” movement, I propose Fredrickson’s (1998, 2001, 2003) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions as one approach especially well-suited for future research to better understand the happy/productive worker thesis.
Aparna Mendiratta and Shalini Srivastava
Upholding congruency with conservation of resources (COR) theory, the study intends to analyze the impact of workplace bullying on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) via…
Abstract
Purpose
Upholding congruency with conservation of resources (COR) theory, the study intends to analyze the impact of workplace bullying on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) via job satisfaction and resilience as parallel mediators in the Indian hospitality sector.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used a data of 240 respondents working in the hospitality sector in India. Direct and indirect effects were assessed through statistical techniques such as structural equation modeling and mediation analysis (Preacher and Hayes, 2004) for hypotheses testing using SPSS and AMOS tools.
Findings
The findings of the study suggest the negative correlation between workplace bullying and OCB. This study demonstrates the role of job satisfaction and resilience as parallel mediators in combating the cascading ill effect of workplace bullying on OCB.
Research limitations/implications
The results help India's hospitality sector to understand the intensity and impact of workplace bullying on job satisfaction and OCB.
Originality/value
This is the original and first study examining the role of workplace bullying on OCB via job satisfaction and resilience as parallel mediators in the non-Western context.
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Kaisa Henttonen and Hanna Lehtimäki
This study examines how technology-intensive small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engage in open innovation. The purpose of this paper is to add to the literature on open…
Abstract
Purpose
This study examines how technology-intensive small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engage in open innovation. The purpose of this paper is to add to the literature on open innovation in SMEs, which has received considerably less attention than open innovation in large companies. Also, the study adds on the literature on open innovation in the commercialization phase.
Design/methodology/approach
A multiple case study of 13 technology-intensive SMEs in forestry sector was conducted. The forestry sector in Finland was chosen as a target context, there were many innovative pioneering SMEs operating in the industry and because the sector was going through significant changes.
Findings
Three multi-firm collaboration modes in the commercialization phase were identified: networks with a lead partner, equal partnership, and partnership for external technology commercialization. The study shows that in SMEs, open innovation is used for commercialization rather than research and development. The main conclusion of the study is that the mode of collaboration in commercialization is determined by the core competence of the firm and the strategy for open innovation.
Practical implications
The study results imply that SMEs benefit from opening up their innovation process in the commercialization phase. The firms in this study employed a blend of strategies that capitalized on their internal strengths. They collaborated actively with external firms and outsourced from specialists. This way they were able to compensate for their internal weaknesses and gain competitive advantage.
Originality/value
The study extends our understanding of open innovation by providing a detailed analysis of how open innovation takes place in the commercialization phase of innovation process. Also, the study extends understanding of the strategic use of open innovation in SMEs by showing how SMEs balance the risk of losing their competitive advantage built on innovation and the benefit of creating a broader competence base with partnerships.
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Ignacio Redondo‐Bellón, Marcelo Royo‐Vela and Joaquin Aldás‐Manzano
Aims to demonstrate, from a marketing and market segmentation point of view, the need to adapt the construct of the family life cycle to the particular features of the Spanish…
Abstract
Aims to demonstrate, from a marketing and market segmentation point of view, the need to adapt the construct of the family life cycle to the particular features of the Spanish social environment, given the obvious differences in the structure of Spanish households in relation to the USA. From this marketing and cross‐cultural approach, a review of the literature has been conducted on the evolution of the construct and the most significant models that have been arising as the outcome of that evolution. A new life cycle model has been designed reflecting these particular features. Also, on the basis of data taken from the Family Budgets Survey, the capacity of the adapted model has been analysed for predicting household expenditure in comparison with the main US models and the most habitual socioeconomic variables, and for detecting market segments with different needs. The results obtained show the utility of the construct adapted, both as a segmentation variable and as a predictor, together with the typical socioeconomic variables that explain household expenditure. The practical and academic utility of the model from a marketing approach, its potential adaptation to the Mediterranean European environment, and the main methodological limitation of the research are also discussed.
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Investigates the differences in protocols between arbitral tribunals and courts, with particular emphasis on US, Greek and English law. Gives examples of each country and its way…
Abstract
Investigates the differences in protocols between arbitral tribunals and courts, with particular emphasis on US, Greek and English law. Gives examples of each country and its way of using the law in specific circumstances, and shows the variations therein. Sums up that arbitration is much the better way to gok as it avoids delays and expenses, plus the vexation/frustration of normal litigation. Concludes that the US and Greek constitutions and common law tradition in England appear to allow involved parties to choose their own judge, who can thus be an arbitrator. Discusses e‐commerce and speculates on this for the future.
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Thomas A. Wright and Russell Cropanzano
For decades, since at least the famous Hawthorne studies, the happy/productive worker thesis has forcefully captured the imagination of management scholars and human resource…
Abstract
For decades, since at least the famous Hawthorne studies, the happy/productive worker thesis has forcefully captured the imagination of management scholars and human resource professionals alike. According to this “Holy Grail” of management research, workers who are happy on the job will have higher job performance, and possibly higher job retention, than those who are less happy. But what is happiness? Most typically, happiness has been measured in the management sciences as jobsatisfaction. This viewpoint is unnecessarily limiting. Building upon alittle remembered body of research from the 1920s, we suggest a twofold, expanded view of this thesis. First, we suggest the consideration of worker happiness as psychological well-being (PWB). Second, incorporating Fredrickson's (1998, 2001) broaden-and-build model ofpositive emotions as the theoretical base, we suggest that the job satisfaction to job performance and job satisfaction to employee retentionrelationships may be better explained by controlling for the moderating effect of PWB. Future research directions for human resource professionals are introduced.