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December 1, 1970 Trade dispute — Political strike — Union protesting against Government's proposed legislation — Call to newspaper employees to strike — Whether in furtherance or contemplation of “trade dispute” — Whether trade dispute in existence between employers and workmen — Trade Disputes Act, 1906 (6 Edw. VII, c.47), ss.3, 5 (3).

May 21, 1971 Charity — High Court control — Industrial training board — Set up by Minister under statute — Ministerial control — Whether charitable — Extent of High Court control for boards to be charities — Industrial Training Act, 1964 (e. 16), s.2(l) — Charities Act, 1960 (8 & 9 Eliz. II, c. 58), s.45(1).

February 3, 1971 Contract — Procuring breach — Trade union — Dispute between drivers under contract, as independent contractors, with the plaintiffs to deliver concrete to customers — Union's recognition of drivers' refusal to work as being official “strike” — Whether union protected by Trade Disputes Act, 1906 — Meaning of “contract of employment” — Trade Disputes Act, 1906 (6 Edw. VII, c. 47), s.3.

In a previous monograph a discussion took place on the implied terms at common law which were connected with the employer's duties. It is now proposed to consider the obligations of the employee which are implied by the common law. A discussion and an analysis is proposed of each of the following common law implied duties, namely a duty of care by the employee in carrying out his work; a duty of fidelity where an evaluation of its various aspects will take place and a duty of obedience. The employee's inventions and discoveries will then be treated.

Civil wrongdoings with consequent financial and other loss or damage to employers, employees and third parties may result in the course of various trade union activities. These day to day trade union activities take a variety of forms. The most common ones are inducement of breach of contract, conspiracy, trespass, nuisance, and intimidation. Each of these activities constitutes a tort which, unless the statutory immunities apply, would normally give rise at common law to an action for damages or, as is more frequent, enable the aggrieved party to obtain an injunction.

April 28, 1971 Trade dispute — Industrial action taken by Union — Circular letter sent to members urging withholding of accounts from company — Whether letter amounted to incitement to members to commit breach of duty to account implied by general law — Whether such action protected by Trade Disputes Act, 1906 (6 Edw. VII.c.47),3.

Increasing endurance was a very appropriate subject for the biomimetic approach. The study aims to design and manufacture a long-lasting mini unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) using active gliding and soaring.

The endurance of mini UAVs is limited by battery or fuel capacity, and it is not always possible to increase these energy sources due to the fuselage size. Long endurance aircraft are required in various areas such as silent environment and traffic monitoring or search and rescue. Literature research on bird flight performance conducted to determine design parameters. These parameters are used in the theoretical design of the UAV for optimization. Computational fluid dynamics simulation and flight tests of the UAV performed to figure out the success of the design.

For a mini UAV to be produced in this class, it has been observed that it is more accurate to examine birds instead of gliders due to the size similarity. The UAV design reaches a 27.5 L/D (Glide ratio) ratio in the theoretical approach. However, flight results approved max L/D ratio is around 25 at the sea level. This flight performance is enough to outperform in glide ratio of Wandering albatrosses.

Sailplanes are known as sport aircraft. However, recent projects focus on glider designs due to fuel efficiency and silent tracking. Stemme S-14 that carries a high-resolution camera is one of the examples of these projects. The unmanned glider design can lead to these implications in the UAVs at least during the stand-by period in the air. Thanks to low weight, UAVs do not require strong thermals, which allows flying almost all over the world.

Researchers generally focus on increasing the battery capacity or the performance of the UAV. However, this study’s concentration is to increase the flight duration of the UAV by using geographical currents. For this purpose, taking advantage of bird morphology is quite a new topic. Also, glider type designs are rarely found in the field.

THE funeral oration pronounced by Pericles for the Athenians who perished at the battle of Marathon contained the words: ‘It is not the acknowledgment of poverty that we think disgraceful, but the want of endeavour to avoid it.’ His people, demoralized by plague at home and external troubles abroad, refused to heed his words, just as the world has tended to ignore similar counsel for over 2,000 years.

The Howard Shuttering Contractors case throws considerable light on the importance which the tribunals attach to warnings before dismissing an employee. In this case the tribunal took great pains to interpret the intention of the parties to the different site agreements, and it came to the conclusion that the agreed procedure was not followed. One other matter, which must be particularly noted by employers, is that where a final warning is required, this final warning must be “a warning”, and not the actual dismissal. So that where, for example, three warnings are to be given, the third must be a “warning”. It is after the employee has misconducted himself thereafter that the employer may dismiss.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the doctrine of ultra vires and its development over time, which is claimed to be one of gradual erosion.

This paper discusses the doctrine of ultra vires and its development overtime, which is claimed to be one of gradual erosion.

It shows how the abolition of the objects clause has signalled the end of ultra vires. Today, it remains nothing more than a ghost, but one which continues to haunt management.

It builds on existing research literature.