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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of macroeconomic condition and real estate price trend on the amount of residential loan.

The paper using a sample of 16 European Countries for the time period 2007–2015 evaluates the impact of change in the gross domestic product (GDP) growth and the inflation rate on the amount of residential loans. The analysis is performed by using a vector autoregressive (VAR) and generalized VAR approach for the full sample and for each country considered.

For a short-term horizon, shocks to mortgages, the house price index (HPI) and the GDP have a positive effect on the GDP, a shock to the amount of mortgages has a positive effect on the mortgage supply and a shock to the GDP has a negative effect on HPI. The main results for the long-term horizon are that a GDP shock has a positive and persistent effect on the amount of mortgages, a shock to HPI has a negative and persistent effect on mortgages and a shock to the amount of mortgages seems to have no persistent effect on the GDP or the HPI. Moreover, the analysis shows that a spillover risk among countries exists and a GDP shock in a European area has an effect on the GDP, real estate prices and residential mortgages in almost all European countries.

Results obtained show that both macroeconomic and housing prices shocks matter for the real estate lending and the effect are different in the short- and in the medium–long-term horizon. Results are also different country by country and they are affected by the level of financial development of the country.

The paper studies a lending crisis period and evaluates for the European market the impact of shock on macro-variables for mortgages focusing the attention for the first time only on residential mortgages.

The objective of this paper is to illustrate the link between the effectiveness of the anti‐money laundering regulations and the characteristics of the compliance costs involved for banks. The work is set out as follows. The next section describes the economic framework, which starts with the assumption that intermediaries have an advantage in terms of information and then demonstrates, by means of a principal‐agent model, how this advantage can produce collective gains in the war against money laundering only if the regulations take the problem of compliance costs into due consideration.

Based on a wide survey of over 1,500 Italian customers, analyses both payment services and sales and private banking areas. In the former, human contact attributes of service prove to be overemphasized when customer satisfaction is observed. In the latter, technology seems extremely important in helping bank branch officers decide which new services to offer to which customers. In both sections customers’ clusters are identified according to the importance of different service attributes; subsequently, they are described in terms of demographic, behavioural and psychographic characteristics. Technology‐oriented unsatisfied customers seem to belong to most segments. This calls for a major shift in the approach to delivery channels the majority of Italian banks are still adopting.