Jochen Borris, Michael Thomas, Antje Dohse, Claus‐Peter Klages, Andreas Möbius, Danica Elbick, Ulrich Prinz, Karl‐Heinz Wandner and Ernst‐Rudolf Weidlich
The purpose of this paper is to present details of the plasma printing and packaging technology (P3T), a new reel‐to‐reel technology under development for the cost and resource…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present details of the plasma printing and packaging technology (P3T), a new reel‐to‐reel technology under development for the cost and resource efficient manufacture of flexible printed circuits (FPC).
Design/methodology/approach
The first two process steps of P3T include reel‐to‐reel patterned activation of polymer film at ambient pressure in the so‐called plasma‐printing process and subsequent selective electroless plating of the plasma‐activated areas of the polymer film. The concept underlying the P3T project includes processing of flexible films with widths up to 400 mm.
Findings
Copper, palladium and nickel metal structures with widths down to less than 100 μm were produced on various polymers. Peel strengths according to the German DIN Standard 53494 of copper on polyimide film reached values in the region of 1 N/mm, sufficient for electronic applications. Sufficient wetting of the solder on copper metallisations and solderability were found.
Research limitations/implications
P3T covers the whole manufacturing chain for FPCs from surface patterning of the dielectric carrier to component assembly and soldering. This paper focuses, however, essentially on the first two process steps including plasma activation and electroless plating.
Originality/value
A unique feature of the flexible circuit manufacturing technology presented here is the combination of the additive‐technique, the absence of vacuum processes, the continuous production mode and the ability to process polymer carrier films with widths of 400 mm.
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Keywords
Concepts equip the mind with thought, provide our theories with ideas, and assign variables for testing our hypotheses. Much of contemporary research deals with narrowly…
Abstract
Concepts equip the mind with thought, provide our theories with ideas, and assign variables for testing our hypotheses. Much of contemporary research deals with narrowly circumscribed concepts, termed simple concepts herein, which are the grist for much empirical inquiry in the field. In contrast to simple concepts, which exhibit a kind of unity, complex concepts are structures of simple concepts, and in certain instances unveil meaning going beyond simple concepts or their aggregation. When expressed in hylomorphic structures, complex concepts achieve unique ontological status and serve particular explanatory capabilities. We develop the philosophical foundation for hylomorphic structures and show how they are rooted in dispositions, dispositional causality, and various mind–body trade-offs. Examples are provided for this emerging perspective on “Big concepts” or “Big Ideas.”
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Tim Benijts, Wim Lagae and Benedict Vanclooster
This study seeks to examine how a sport league, a unique feature of professional sport, influences the business‐to‐business marketing of teams participating in the sport league.
Abstract
Purpose
This study seeks to examine how a sport league, a unique feature of professional sport, influences the business‐to‐business marketing of teams participating in the sport league.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a qualitative research design based on a single case study, the UCI ProTour in professional road cycling. The primary sources consist of 27 semi‐structured interviews complemented by written sources and controlled for construct validity, external validity and reliability.
Findings
From a theoretical point of view, a sport league is a marketing channel network (a specific type of an intentionally developed business network or IDBN). Theoretical analysis also reveals that the teams' business‐to‐business marketing is positively related to the network's value‐creating system. Empirically, it is argued that the introduction of a marketing channel network has a positive influence on the financial value of the teams' business‐to‐business market but does not result in a change in the business demographics of corporate sponsors.
Research limitations
The study has possible sport‐specific limitations.
Practical implications
Business‐to‐business marketers and sport league managers should pay attention to the characteristics of the sport league as these influence the teams' business‐to‐business market. This is especially valid for sports in which teams rely strongly on sport sponsoring and, to a lesser extend, on gate revenues, television rights and prize money.
Originality/value
For the first time, this study examines and provides data on the business‐to‐business environment of teams in professional road cycling. It contributes to the literature of international sport marketing and professional road cycling, a sport gaining momentum in various countries and which is understudied in comparison to other sports.
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Umut Asan, Seçkin Polat and Seyda Serdar
Many recent modular design methods and approaches have focused on the modularization process – decomposition and composition. This paper suggests an integrated methodology that…
Abstract
Many recent modular design methods and approaches have focused on the modularization process – decomposition and composition. This paper suggests an integrated methodology that includes additional tools and stages for a complete modular architecture design. The borders of the modular design process are expanded by adding strategic issues, appropriateness to modularity, degree of modularity and modularity strategies, in an operationalized manner. The methodology presents a “requirements analysis‐ decomposition‐composition‐design evaluation” structure. The “modularization process” is designed so as to choose from three different perspectives – customer‐based, function‐based and structure‐based design. To test and validate the methodology it was applied to a domestic gas detector product family. As a result, a new modular product architecture with eight modules was developed.
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Dwijesh K. Dutta Majumder and Swapan K. Dutta
To develop a mathematical and algorithmic approach of avoiding the limitations of deterministically computing the values of energy, time, position and momentum imposed by…
Abstract
Purpose
To develop a mathematical and algorithmic approach of avoiding the limitations of deterministically computing the values of energy, time, position and momentum imposed by Heisenberg's uncertainity principle (HUP) which is of profound significance from the point of view of some emerging science and technology like quantum computing, nano scale technology and chaotic dynamical systems.
Design/methodology/approach
A parametric method of establishing deterministic solutions for energy and momentum on the basis of quantized energy limits (instead of HUP) if developed in the non‐infinite non‐zero quantized energy limits where hidden deterministic solutions can be obtained for micro/nano structures.
Findings
The philosophical foundations of quantum mechanics as developed by Max Planck, Neils Bohrz, Werner Heisenburg, Dirac and Edwein Schrodinger is based on a duality concept of complimentarity notions. In most general logical sense for any physical reality qualitative dualism have to have a quantitative dualism may be hidden or virtual. The upper and lower limits of the dynamical quantum mechanical observables are determined based on the dimensional considerations for the physical constants H, C, G and H0. The conceptual basis and mathematical framework of the paper in based Norbert Wiener's work on theory of cybernetics and D. Dutta Majumdars' unified cybernetic and general dynamical systems theory.
Research limitations/implications
The testability of the theory needs to be established.
Originality/value
Without challenging HUP this is a contribution of tremendous practical implications.