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Manufacturers and engineers need a practical and operational way to understand sustainable manufacturing and to apply it to their shop floors. The single index enables manufacturing industries to make decisions considering the continuous improvement to increase sustainability performance. The purpose of this paper is to develop a manufacturing sustainability index (MSI) based on lean and sustainability concepts using sustainable-value stream mapping.

The methodology of this research is linked to Delphi- analytical hierarchy process (AHP) qualitative assessment with sustainable-value stream mapping quantitative analysis for determining MSI. The Delphi method is used with relevant indicator selection, sustainable-value stream mapping is used to score the relevant indicator with efficiency approach and the AHP method is used to determine the indicator weight. To evaluate the applicability of this framework for assessing sustainability in the manufacturing process, a case study in Indonesian Wooden Furniture was developed.

The findings of this research is the framework for evaluating and assessing the sustainability performance of the manufacturing process. Although evaluation of the framework is limited to the furniture industry, there is a methodology potential to reproduce for the other sectors.

Theoretically, this study has provided a single index to measure performance of the manufacturing sustainability comprehensively at factory level. However, the implementation of the developed model is too limited. More application in different sectors and different industrial sizes is needed.

The value of this research lies in the novelty of the single index in measuring manufacturing sustainability and the relevant indicators for the furniture industry in Indonesia. The selection of the indicators has involved practitioners in the furniture industry and encompassed economic, environmental and social dimensions. The visualization of indicators through sustainable-value stream mapping is proven to be more practical and helpful for industrialists.

This paper aims to investigate the effect of business incubation metrics based on an adaptation of the lean start-up (LS) framework on start-up survival after incubation. This study also analyzes the obstacles in implementing the LS framework as incubation metrics.

This study uses mixed methods. Quantitative research using multiple linear regression was applied to the data of 30 start-ups incubated at Bandung Techno Park for the 2014–2017 period and survival tracking data after the incubation. A qualitative approach to complete the explanatory work was conducted through in-depth interviews with 12 respondents, including start-up graduates from the incubation program, program managers and mentors.

This study confirms that several LS incubation metrics significantly affect start-up sustainability after incubation. In addition, this study also explains several problems in applying the LS discipline that needs attention to increase incubation success.

Research was conducted only at one technology business incubator (TBI) model that focuses on digital start-ups in the emerging ecosystem. Research results can be biased in different situations and ecosystems.

The explanation of the relationship of LS-based incubation metrics to the survival of start-ups, as well as the challenges of their implementation, can be a reference for TBI management to consider and prioritize intervention strategies, thereby improving TBI’s business processes and increasing the success rate of incubated start-ups.

The creation of university start-ups and spin-offs has become a key performance indicator mandatory for technology universities in Indonesia. The existence of TBI institutions in universities as channels of technology commercialization is essential. The incubator’s success in creating a new technology-based company will have a significant social impact on the surrounding environment.

Although the LS method is popular in start-up communities and among practitioners, it is rarely used in the incubation process at universities. These results can be considered for university TBIs to explore LS as an incubation management tool to increase the success rate of incubated start-ups.

Purpose: ESG indices serve as vital tools for investors to measure a company’s sustainability performance, reflecting its economic, environmental, and social standings. However, integrating ESG faces numerous constraints, particularly in emerging economies. This study aims to identify the key challenges of ESG integration in emerging economies.

Methodology: Systematic search and reporting framework following a five-stage iterative process, encompassing: (1) formulating the research question, (2) identifying pertinent studies, (3) selecting studies, (4) organising data, and (5) compiling, summarising, and presenting the findings.

Findings: Several important factors including the lack of quality and availability of non-financial data, underdeveloped regulatory frameworks, technological constraints, difficulties in supply chain integration, cultural and social barriers, financial constraints, and a general lack of awareness and understanding of ESG issues. An unbalanced approach to ESG compliance, with companies often focusing primarily on societal issues while neglecting environmental aspects. Despite these challenges, the research contributes to the discussion on the significant benefits of ESG integration, including improved risk management, access to new markets and capital, and enhanced reputation.

Implication: Overcoming these challenges requires concerted efforts from governments, businesses, and international organisations to develop supportive policies, develop inclusive capacity-building systems, and raise awareness of ESG issues.

Limitation: The scope of available literature and the inherent biases within selected studies.

Future research: Future studies could analyse deeper into case studies, and comparative research to better understand how ESG integration operates in emerging economies and to evaluate how effective the strategies implemented are in tackling the challenges that have been identified.