Tracy McDonald and Marc Siegall
Examines the relationship between perceived technological self‐efficacy (TSE) ‐ the belief in one’s ability to perform successfully a technology sophisticated new task ‐ and…
Abstract
Examines the relationship between perceived technological self‐efficacy (TSE) ‐ the belief in one’s ability to perform successfully a technology sophisticated new task ‐ and people’s reactions to change. Survey respondents were 205 telecommunications repair technicians, who were being trained to use a new computerized job assignment system. Indicates that technicians with high levels of TSE were significantly more satisfied with their jobs, reported doing more work of a higher quality, demonstrated fewer withdrawal behaviours, and were more committed to the organizations after the change, compared with workers with low TSE. Provides guidelines for enhancing self‐efficacy when making such changes.
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Marc Siegall and Tracy McDonald
Examines the relationship between focus of attention ‐ how much a person thinks about job and off‐job factors during work ‐ and people’s reactions to change. Survey respondents…
Abstract
Examines the relationship between focus of attention ‐ how much a person thinks about job and off‐job factors during work ‐ and people’s reactions to change. Survey respondents were 205 telecommunications repair technicians who were being trained to use a new computerized job assignment system. Results indicate that technicians with high job focus reacted more strongly to a job change over time, being less absent and more job involved, compared with low job focus technicians. High levels of off‐job focus were associated with increasing levels of withdrawal. Discusses focus of attention’s role in the facilitation of organizational changes.
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Marc Siegall and Tracy McDonald
One‐hundred‐thirty‐five university faculties participated in a survey‐based study of burnout. This study investigated the role of person‐organization value congruence on the…
Abstract
One‐hundred‐thirty‐five university faculties participated in a survey‐based study of burnout. This study investigated the role of person‐organization value congruence on the experience of burnout. Also, the mediating role of burnout on the relationship between person‐organization value congruence and outcomes (in congruence with Maslach, Schaufel and Leiter's theory) was examined. As predicted by a coping/withdrawal framework, burnout was associated with less time spent on teaching, service/administrative tasks, and professional development activities. To a lesser extent, burnout was associated with spending more time on non‐work activities. Person‐organization value congruence was strongly associated with burnout. Value congruence had direct relationships with several of the outcome variables, and, consistent with the model, burnout partially or fully mediated the relationship between congruence and satisfaction, spending less time on teaching, and on professional development activities.
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Rubab Abdi and Elizabeth Metcalf
This paper aims to determine whether an inclusive teaching session changes student attitudes towards people with intellectual disabilities (ID). To investigate the impact of an…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to determine whether an inclusive teaching session changes student attitudes towards people with intellectual disabilities (ID). To investigate the impact of an inclusive teaching session in terms of student perceptions.
Design/methodology/approach
66 years 4 students at Cardiff University completed the attitudes towards disabled people form B questionnaire (ATDP-B) before and after a communication skills session on ID. Before and after scores were collated and compared using a paired t-test analysis. Common perceptions were identified using anonymised ATDP-B results to conduct five semi-structured interviews and one focus group with nine students. The common perceptions were discussed, alongside how the teaching session tackled them and suggestions for further improvements.
Findings
Mean ATDP-B score before the teaching session was 115 (SD = 14.5). Mean ATDP-B score after the teaching session was 122 (SD = 17.2). The teaching session improved scores in the ATDP-B by a mean of 6.92 (4.69, 9.16). A paired t-test found this to be a statistically significant difference, t(65) = 6.20, p < 0.001. Qualitative data was thematically analysed and three main themes were identified: Student identity, patient contact and curriculum content.
Originality/value
This is the first study to investigate the origin of the negative attitudes of medical students, and found they stem from a lack of confidence in their abilities and failure to develop a professional identity. The impact of the teaching session stems from its focus on meaningful patient contact and identifying and overcoming communication barriers.
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The central issue in the case is opportunity identification and decision making. While the literature on direct selling is limited, much has been written about ideation…
Abstract
Theoretical basis
The central issue in the case is opportunity identification and decision making. While the literature on direct selling is limited, much has been written about ideation, effectuation, causality and opportunity identification and assessment. Scholars of entrepreneurship debate whether entrepreneurial opportunities are identified and assessed primarily through effectuation or causation.
Research methodology
This case is based upon a combination of interviews with the protagonist, her staff and secondary research.
Case overview/synopsis
This case explores the opportunity identification, assessment and decision making of an energetic, African American, female founder and CEO in the rarely-researched direct selling channel. Dr Traci Lynn Burton founded her company at 24 with an investment of $200. In 2008, in its second incarnation, Traci Lynn Jewelry became a direct selling company and has taken bold steps. By 2018, the company was a direct selling leader and was preparing to launch a new product line. The case supports undergraduate students in understanding effectuation and causation, opportunity identification and assessment, and direct selling.
Complexity academic level
This case is primarily for upper division undergraduates. It is suitable for courses in entrepreneurial strategy, entrepreneurial marketing, general entrepreneurship emphasizing opportunity identification, opportunity assessment and/or effectuation.
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This chapter documents a commitment to culturally responsive teaching through the implementation of multimodal text sets in English language arts teacher education. Using a…
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This chapter documents a commitment to culturally responsive teaching through the implementation of multimodal text sets in English language arts teacher education. Using a communities of inquiry framework inspired by justice-driven approaches to literacy learning, preservice teachers at New Mexico State University designed curriculum and instruction that considered the importance of students' digital literacies to meaning-making and communication. Through the presentation of a course unit that explores how multimodal text sets inspire literacy learning that is culturally relevant for students whose racial, linguistic, and cultural identities are often absent in mainstream school curricula, this chapter highlights the notion that digital literacies are accessible to and supportive of the minority serving educational institutions of New Mexico. Preservice teachers first considered what topics sparked their curiosity or inspired them to step into learning before exploring topics to which their future students will be drawn to investigate in language arts. Integrating two frameworks for creating text sets, preservice teachers then selected a targeted, canonical text around which to build their sets and supported it with multimodal scaffolding texts. Following the work and reflections of one focal student, this chapter offers unit descriptions, snapshots, and implications of personalized literacy experiences with creating inquiry-based, multimodal text sets in a secondary methods course.
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Robert E. McDonald, Jay Weerawardena, Sreedhar Madhavaram and Gillian Sullivan Mort
The purpose of this paper is to offer a sustainability-based typology for non-profit organizations and corresponding strategies to sustain the mission and/or financial objectives…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to offer a sustainability-based typology for non-profit organizations and corresponding strategies to sustain the mission and/or financial objectives of non-profit organizations. The balance of mission and money, known in the non-profit literature as the double bottom line, is a challenge for professional managers who run non-profits and scholars who study them.
Design/methodology/approach
Typologies are often used to classify phenomena to improve understanding and bring about clarity. In this paper, non-profit organizations are viewed from a social and fiscal viability perspective, developed from the long standing challenge of balancing mission and money.
Findings
The typology developed in this paper identifies several normative strategies that correspond to the social and fiscal viability of non-profit organizations. In fact, the strategies offered in this paper can help non-profit managers achieve organizational sustainability, thus enabling them to continue what they are meant to do – to provide greater social value to their constituents.
Research limitations/implications
The typology presented is a classification system rather than a theoretical typology. Its purpose is to help managers of non-profits to recognize threats to their organizations’ long-term survival and offer strategies that if adopted can move the organizations to less vulnerable positions. However, the recommended strategies are by no means exhaustive. Furthermore, the focus of the paper is on non-profit organizations, not profit-driven or hybrid entities. The sustainability-based typology of non-profit organizations and the corresponding strategies have implications for practitioners and academics. The typology and its contents can help managers assess their non-profits, competitive environment and their current strategies, plan their double bottom line strategies and last but not the least, develop and implement strategies for social and fiscal sustainability. In addition, our paper provides great opportunities for future research to subject our typology and its contents to conceptual and empirical scrutiny.
Practical implications
The strategies described here are developed based on scholarly research and examples from successful non-profits. The typology and the related list of strategies provide a manager with the tools to accurately diagnose organizational challenges and adopt plans to improve the organization’s viability.
Social implications
Non-profit organizations are an integral part of society that bolsters economic prosperity, environmental integrity and social justice. This paper may provide guidance for a number of non-profit managers to keep their organizations operating and serving important social missions.
Originality/value
In the context of organizations for social mission, several typologies exist that looked at firms from the perspectives of ownership versus profit objectives, entrepreneurship conceptualizations of economists and origins and development paths of social enterprises. While these typologies provided foundations for theoretical and empirical work into social enterprises, our typology offers strategies for the sustainability of mission and/or money objectives of non-profits. The value of this research lies in integrating virtuous and pragmatic objectives of non-profit sustainability that, in turn, can ensure the social mission of non-profits.
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Michelle Russen and Mary Dawson
The purpose of this critical review is to address issues with the current school of thought that diversity must come before inclusion in the diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this critical review is to address issues with the current school of thought that diversity must come before inclusion in the diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) process and propose an alternate solution.
Design/methodology/approach
This review takes a critical constructionist lens such that changes in social norms have morphed over time, refining the meaning and implementation of DEI initiatives in research and the workplace. This review is framed within the context of hospitality organizations.
Findings
The conflicting results in DEI research (whether DEI practices are positive or negative) are explained by diversity being the core factor. It is proposed that inclusion is the starting place and determinant of success in creating a diverse workforce. If inclusion comes first and is followed by equitable treatment, then diversity (and diverse representation) naturally follows.
Research limitations/implications
This review offers a novel perspective on the relationship between diversity, equity and inclusion, which was previously ambiguous. Research rarely includes all three as variables in the past, and does not use diversity as an outcome, but rather as a starting point.
Originality/value
This research suggests that unless an organization begins with an inclusive climate, there will be no benefit to having diverse candidates, nor will there be long-term retention of a diverse staff. It is recommended to begin with inclusion, implement equitable practices and diversity will increase through the enacted and espoused values.