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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2002

Aleksandra Rogut and Tomasz Tokarski

Analyses factors determining the outflows from unemployment to employment across regions in Poland over the years 1992‐98, employing the concept of the augmented matching…

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Abstract

Analyses factors determining the outflows from unemployment to employment across regions in Poland over the years 1992‐98, employing the concept of the augmented matching function. Explores also the influence of the economic growth and the employment structure of the regional labour markets in Poland. Concludes that the values of outflows from unemployment to employment are closely and positively related to the number of unemployed and the number of vacancies, as well as to the economic growth rate; and that the employment structure of regional labour markets has a strong impact on outflows from unemployment to employment. The more a regional employment structure resembles the structure in European G7 countries, the higher the outflows from unemployment to employment.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

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Publication date: 18 November 2024

Andrea Imperia and Loredana Mirra

Purpose: This chapter aims to understand what convergence means and why it is considered so crucial for the full admission of a state to the European Economic and Monetary Union…

Abstract

Purpose: This chapter aims to understand what convergence means and why it is considered so crucial for the full admission of a state to the European Economic and Monetary Union. Doing this will help understand what considerations of economic theory it is based on.

Need for study: To look into the Maastricht architecture, to point out its fragility during the last crises and the capability of the reforms adopted to reduce it, and to make European monetary union (EMU) more attractive for European Union (EU) members still outside it.

Methodology: The experiences of some countries that joined the EU from 2004 to today will be analysed to propose a synthesis from both a qualitative and quantitative perspective that highlights the paths taken by individual states and the processes currently underway.

Findings: The fragility of the EMU architecture became apparent during recent crises. The European Central Bank (ECB) took on new functions, and it became necessary to establish new financial institutions to operate beyond the Maastricht Treaty. Public budget control rules were suspended during the pandemic crisis, and a one-off transfer among states (Next-Generation EU) was adopted. This was an important precedent, but it was still far from the redistribution among states necessary for a political union.

Practical implications: In Maastricht architecture, there is no room for what is needed most by old and new members, that is, coordinated fiscal policies to stimulate aggregate demand, ensuring persistently high employment and production levels. The paths towards the welfare of European citizens, the increase in the sense of belonging to the same community, attracting new members and supporting financial stability all “converge” on the denominator of the Maastricht fiscal parameters.

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