Kurt Jensen and Brian H. Kleiner
Argues that there is a wide range of ways to resolve sexual harassment cases in the USA, and that the severity of the action taken against perpetrators should fit the seriousness…
Abstract
Argues that there is a wide range of ways to resolve sexual harassment cases in the USA, and that the severity of the action taken against perpetrators should fit the seriousness of the offence. Sets out the legal framework which should guide an employer in the decision. Presents a classification of sexual harassment which could be used to guide employers on the severity of a sexual harassment incident, explaining how this should be looked at alongside frequency when deciding what action to take. Underlines the need to take into account the victim’s interests in the case, advising employers to give the victim as much information as possible on the progress of the case. Also advises on how to take into consideration the interests of the harrassor. Lists the possible actions the employer can take to make sure that the harassment does not occur again. Looks at the possibility that either the victim of the perpetrator may be dissatisfied with the way that the employer has dealt with the case and advises on the use of mediation or arbitration in these circumstances.
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Julie Chin‐Hul Lai and Brian H. Kleiner
Outlines recent cases of discrimination by the insurance industry against the disabled and victims of violence. Covers suggested changes to the law, outlining the benefits and…
Abstract
Outlines recent cases of discrimination by the insurance industry against the disabled and victims of violence. Covers suggested changes to the law, outlining the benefits and pitfalls. Identifies genetics and the use of the Internet as new areas for concern and suggests potential legislation in these cases.
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James Curry and Brian H. Kleiner
Discrimination, by definition, is deliberate denial of access to goods or services to an in dividual based on a physical or lifestyle characteristic of that individual. Despite…
Abstract
Discrimination, by definition, is deliberate denial of access to goods or services to an in dividual based on a physical or lifestyle characteristic of that individual. Despite the social progress that has been made in the past forty or fifty years toward treating all people equally, discrimination has not gone away and is still prevalent in businesses in the service industry. One section of the service industry that has experienced a lot of recent controversy over discrimination is the restaurant business.
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Martin Kortus, Tim Ward and M.H. Wu
First results of a research project at Bolton Institute show advantages in using a text‐based off‐line programmer in conjunction with a low‐cost PC‐based kinematic simulator. The…
Abstract
First results of a research project at Bolton Institute show advantages in using a text‐based off‐line programmer in conjunction with a low‐cost PC‐based kinematic simulator. The system being developed could mean for small companies an economical alternative to using comprehensive robot simulation packages.
Nikki Bell, Jennifer Lunt, Jennifer Webster and Tim Ward
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dimensions that distinguish high from low performing manufacturing companies in Great Britain with respect to controlling noise…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dimensions that distinguish high from low performing manufacturing companies in Great Britain with respect to controlling noise. The findings should assist regulators and industry to develop interventions that help organisations to effectively manage noise, particularly amongst the low performers.
Design/methodology/approach
The research uses quantitative and qualitative methods. Survey data was obtained from 215 manufacturers and supplemented with 15 qualitative interviews to assess performance and individual, social, environmental and organisational influences on duty holders' decision making for controlling noise.
Findings
Relative to low performers, decision makers from high performing companies had: greater in-depth knowledge of noise risks and controls; taken steps to promote positive health and safety attitudes and values; were large companies; and faced fewer resource barriers (time, costs, staffing). Managers in small, low performing companies sought simple interventions with a practical focus.
Research limitations/implications
The differences reported between high and low performing companies showed a small magnitude of effect but these are considered significant in a health and safety context.
Practical implications
Improvements in training and education, and addressing workplace health and safety culture, are recommended as offering most potential to raise the standard of noise control.
Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to systematically assess the specific knowledge, attitudes, values and beliefs that employers hold about noise and the influence of social, environmental and organisational factors on manager’s decisions about noise controls.
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Politics in human societies represents a variation, and elaboration, on a major evolutionary theme. Political processes have played an important functional role in goal-oriented…
Abstract
Politics in human societies represents a variation, and elaboration, on a major evolutionary theme. Political processes have played an important functional role in goal-oriented, cooperative social systems in the natural world. This view of politics is also consistent with a causal theory – known as the Synergism Hypothesis – which explains the rise of complexity in evolution over time and, equally important, the frequent examples of devolution and dissolution. In addition to a brief discussion of this theory, the evolution of political systems in humankind will be described, from its possible origins among our remote australopithecine ancestors to the emergence of complex modern civilizations. Now, however, we confront an existential threat to our species, and to many others, due mainly to climate change. The future is very problematic. I will argue here that the only viable path going forward is a new social contract coupled with (democratic) global governance – a global “superorganism.”
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Here's a note for your new 1991 diary! Following the success of the Library Resources Exhibition in Nottingham last June the organisers announce next year's Exhibition for 11–13…
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Here's a note for your new 1991 diary! Following the success of the Library Resources Exhibition in Nottingham last June the organisers announce next year's Exhibition for 11–13 June 1991 at the Rex Centre, Birmingham which is a newly‐opened, purpose‐designed exhibition and conference centre on the Coventry Road just one mile from New Street Station. For further information contact Joy Bussell at Library Resources Exhibition, 2 Forge House, Summerleys Road, Princes Risborough, Bucks HP17 9DT (0844–2894).
Angelique M. Davis and Rose Ernst
Direct democracy by citizen initiatives is often heralded as the avenue for the true will of the people to be heard. While scholars have debated whether this leads to a form of…
Abstract
Direct democracy by citizen initiatives is often heralded as the avenue for the true will of the people to be heard. While scholars have debated whether this leads to a form of Madison's “tyranny of the majority,” the debate over the concrete impact of such initiatives on racially marginalized groups remains unsettled. We examine a different question about racially marginalized groups' interests in this process: the symbolic assertion of white supremacy expressed through this mechanism of majority will. We develop the concept of “racial spectacles” to describe the narrative vehicles that serve to symbolically reassert and reinforce real existing racial hierarchies and inequalities. We explore the creation of these spectacles through the initiative process because it is a state-sanctioned vehicle that enables white dominance. Paradoxically, these campaigns that purport to be colorblind depend on the enactment of these racial spectacles. Through an analysis of five statewide anti-affirmative action initiative campaigns from 1996 to 2008, we explore both macro and micro political dynamics: public displays of these campaigns as well as individual, private agency expressed in the public and private act of voting; court decisions in initiative litigation as well as individual and interest group participation in these cases. Ultimately, we argue that this form of racial spectacle further inculcates the public in the postracial ideology of colorblindness.
Presents a special issue, enlisting the help of the author’s students and colleagues, focusing on age, sex, colour and disability discrimination in America. Breaks the evidence…
Abstract
Presents a special issue, enlisting the help of the author’s students and colleagues, focusing on age, sex, colour and disability discrimination in America. Breaks the evidence down into manageable chunks, covering: age discrimination in the workplace; discrimination against African‐Americans; sex discrimination in the workplace; same sex sexual harassment; how to investigate and prove disability discrimination; sexual harassment in the military; when the main US job‐discrimination law applies to small companies; how to investigate and prove racial discrimination; developments concerning race discrimination in the workplace; developments concerning the Equal Pay Act; developments concerning discrimination against workers with HIV or AIDS; developments concerning discrimination based on refusal of family care leave; developments concerning discrimination against gay or lesbian employees; developments concerning discrimination based on colour; how to investigate and prove discrimination concerning based on colour; developments concerning the Equal Pay Act; using statistics in employment discrimination cases; race discrimination in the workplace; developments concerning gender discrimination in the workplace; discrimination in Japanese organizations in America; discrimination in the entertainment industry; discrimination in the utility industry; understanding and effectively managing national origin discrimination; how to investigate and prove hiring discrimination based on colour; and, finally, how to investigate sexual harassment in the workplace.
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Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American…
Abstract
Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American preemptive invasion and occupation of Afghanistan and Iraq and the subsequent prisoner abuse, such an existence seems to be farther and farther away from reality. The purpose of this work is to stop this dangerous trend by promoting justice, love, and peace through a change of the paradigm that is inconsistent with justice, love, and peace. The strong paradigm that created the strong nation like the U.S. and the strong man like George W. Bush have been the culprit, rather than the contributor, of the above three universal ideals. Thus, rather than justice, love, and peace, the strong paradigm resulted in in justice, hatred, and violence. In order to remove these three and related evils, what the world needs in the beginning of the third millenium is the weak paradigm. Through the acceptance of the latter paradigm, the golden mean or middle paradigm can be formulated, which is a synergy of the weak and the strong paradigm. In order to understand properly the meaning of these paradigms, however, some digression appears necessary.