John D. McGinnis, James A. Miles, Shin‐Herng Michelle Chu and Terry L. Campbell
Relates previous research on the importance of age in decision‐making to Fama and Jensen’s (1983) ideas on decision management, develops hypotheses on the age of managers and the…
Abstract
Relates previous research on the importance of age in decision‐making to Fama and Jensen’s (1983) ideas on decision management, develops hypotheses on the age of managers and the use of stock‐based compensation in companies with long time horizons (i.e. growth companies) and tests them on 1979‐1987 data for a sample of US firms. Explains the methodology used and presents the results, which show that these firms tend to have younger subordinate executives (but not younger CEOs) and to use less stock‐based compensation the younger these executives are. Suggests this is because younger executives effectively extend the time horizon of older CEOs, thus reducing the need to do this through the compensation package.
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Terry Campbell and Heather Cairns
Definitions, development and measurement must be applied to the conceptof the learning organization to move it towards implementation. Manydefinitions have captured the essence of…
Abstract
Definitions, development and measurement must be applied to the concept of the learning organization to move it towards implementation. Many definitions have captured the essence of the learning organization but, until the characteristics or “attributes” are defined, it will remain difficult to move the concept forward, because it is the definition of these attributes that allows an examination of the behaviours which will either encourage or inhibit organizational learning. These behaviours can be measured using behaviourally anchored rating scales which indicate strengths and weaknesses which can be improved through action.
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Robyn L. Brouer, Angela S. Wallace and Paul Harvey
This chapter presents an investigation of the relationship between psychological entitlement and stress. Empirical and conceptual evidence is considered suggesting that…
Abstract
This chapter presents an investigation of the relationship between psychological entitlement and stress. Empirical and conceptual evidence is considered suggesting that Conservation of Resources (COR) theory may apply differently to employees with a heightened sense of entitlement. Using attribution and COR theory, a conceptual framework is offered predicting that entitlement is positively associated with subjective stress, based on the logic that psychologically entitled employees develop unjustifiably inflated levels of self-evaluative internal coping resources such as self-esteem and self-efficacy that promote unmet expectations. It is also proposed that political skill and the ability to manage perceptions of competency may attenuate this relationship. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the challenges associated with managing psychologically entitled employees.
Christopher W Anderson, Terry L Campbell, Narayanan Jayaraman and Gershon N Mandelker
An inverse relation between performance and managerial turnover at Japanese firms suggests that bank monitoring substitutes for other governance mechanisms (Kaplan, 1994; Kang &…
Abstract
An inverse relation between performance and managerial turnover at Japanese firms suggests that bank monitoring substitutes for other governance mechanisms (Kaplan, 1994; Kang & Shivdasani, 1995). Morck and Nakamura (1999), however, report that Japanese banks protect their self-interests as creditors rather than the interests of shareholders when appointing corporate directors. We re-examine data on top management changes at Japanese firms and find results consistent with this latter notion. Specifically, management turnover is conditionally related to a firm’s ability to meet its short-term obligations rather than profitability or stock returns. Bank monitoring is therefore not a substitute for mechanisms that directly serve shareholders’ interests.
Richard J. Palmer, Robert B. Welker, Terry L. Campbell and Nace R. Magner
The motive to manage impressions has been broken down into protective and acquisitive orientations. A protective orientation exists when an individual is concerned primarily with…
Abstract
The motive to manage impressions has been broken down into protective and acquisitive orientations. A protective orientation exists when an individual is concerned primarily with encountering disapproval, rather than approval, from the relevant audience. An acquisitive orientation exists when an individual is concerned primarily with obtaining approval from the audience. This study tests the proposition that organizational managers have primarily an acquisitive orientation. The affective sentiments of 95 international middle‐ and upper‐level business managers toward their organization, its leaders, and its business control mechanisms were compared with their perceptions of the acquisitiveness and protectiveness of their work environment. The results indicate that affective sentiments of managers are correlated with the acquisitiveness, but not the protectiveness, of the work environment, supporting the notion that managers have primarily an acquisitive orientation.
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Mahdi Salehi, Raha Rajaeei and Samane Edalati Shakib
This study aims to investigate the relationship between chief executive officer (CEO) narcissism and internal control weaknesses in the Iranian listed companies.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between chief executive officer (CEO) narcissism and internal control weaknesses in the Iranian listed companies.
Design/methodology/approach
The study’s statistical population consists of 1,309 firm-year observations from 2012 to 2018. Multivariate regression and the least squares regression are used in this study to examine the hypothesis.
Findings
The hypothesis confirms a positive and significant relationship between the CEOs’ narcissism and the internal control weaknesses (ICWs). In other words, managers with narcissistic personality traits prioritize their position, interests and goals. Therefore, there is more possibility of information distortion and denying the existing internal controls, leading to an increase in misreporting.
Originality/value
In this paper, two variables, including the manager’s signature and the managers’ cash compensation index, are used to assess the CEO’s narcissism, leading to more accurate results. This is also the first study examining CEO narcissism and internal control weaknesses, especially in the emerging market.
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Alberto Boschetto, Luana Bottini, Valerio Cardini, Marco Eugeni, Paolo Gaudenzi and Francesco Veniali
This paper aims to provide a case study focused on the substitution through selective laser melting of a part typically fabricated by traditional manufacturing.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to provide a case study focused on the substitution through selective laser melting of a part typically fabricated by traditional manufacturing.
Design/methodology/approach
To exploit the additive manufacturing (AM) advantages, the retrieving of the reconfiguration part data was provided, the process strategies by means of the interchange file handling and pre and post-processing were investigated and a re-design of the part was developed. Finally, the fabricated part was tested and analyzed.
Findings
Results claimed that a reconfiguration of the manufacturing framework plays an important role at each step of the process otherwise many AM benefits can be lost. In the paper, a set of recommendations, suggestions and hints regarding the implementation of AM for part substitutions is provided.
Research limitations/implications
Many aspects of the AM adoption, such as the production cost, energy consumption, sustainability and production volume, depend upon the geometry, batch size and other impactful factors, and thus they need to be studied in a case-by-case manner.
Practical implications
The proposed approaches have the concrete aim to address industrial resources toward the maximization of AM benefits in part substituting.
Originality/value
In this paper, the substitution of a part is fully undertaken from the early data collection to the manufactured part testing providing integrated approaches for each process step.
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John L. Campbell, Landon M. Mauler and Spencer R. Pierce
This paper provides a review of research on financial derivatives, with an emphasis on and comprehensive coverage of research published in 15 top accounting journals from 1996 to…
Abstract
This paper provides a review of research on financial derivatives, with an emphasis on and comprehensive coverage of research published in 15 top accounting journals from 1996 to 2017. We begin with some brief institutional details about derivatives and then summarize studies explaining when and why firms use derivatives. We then discuss the evolution of the accounting rules related to derivatives (and associated disclosure requirements) and studies that examine changes in these requirements over the years. Next, we review the literature that examines the consequences of firms’ derivative use to various capital market participants (i.e., managers, analysts, investors, boards of directors, etc.), with an emphasis on the role that the accounting and disclosure rules play in such consequences. Finally, we discuss the importance of industry affiliation on firms’ derivative use and the role that industry affiliation plays in derivatives research. Overall, our review suggests that, perhaps due to their inherent complexity and data limitations, derivatives are relatively understudied in accounting, and we highlight several areas where future research is needed.
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Kelsey Kay Dworkis and S. Mark Young
This study examines the effects of narcissism and bonus-based incentive plans on managerial decision-making performance. Using an experiment, the authors first examine decision…
Abstract
This study examines the effects of narcissism and bonus-based incentive plans on managerial decision-making performance. Using an experiment, the authors first examine decision choices under two levels of an incentive threshold (high and low). Narcissism is measured using the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI). Typically, the NPI is used as a single monolithic construct in analyses; however, in this study, the authors subdivide it in two ways to gain more nuanced information about its impact on decision making. First, the authors split the NPI into three levels – high, medium, and low (Hascalovitz & Obhi, 2015), and then decompose it into its adaptive and maladaptive components (Campbell, Hoffman, Campbell, & Marchisio, 2011) to examine how these subdivisions affect performance. Results show that the different levels of incentive thresholds affect performance among narcissistic individuals. Results indicate that individuals higher in narcissism and higher in levels of adaptive and maladaptive narcissism outperform their low-trait counterparts in a lower-threshold environment, but not in a high threshold environment.