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This study aims to advance the understanding of both the challenges and the priorities facing Spanish universities undergoing the digital transformation era, to identify areas for improvement in university management, from a managerial point of view.

To analyze the importance and adequacy of various aspects related to digitalization, the authors use the importance–performance matrix, by surveying figures who have or have had a managerial position in the university, such as rectors and vice-rectors.

The results showed that the priority areas were related to strategic and financial management, knowledge management and the society and environment dimension. It all revealed imbalances, the most important of which were in the areas referring to attracting talent, sources of financing, strategic management and digitalization.

The study could benefit from considering or placing greater emphasis on alternative viewpoints, including those of external experts and administrative managers at public universities.

The practical implications relate to university management. In particular, the study highlights two issues that are a priority: attracting talent and training for university management as well as for data management. It follows from these results that legislative development and public funding should be directed towards adapting the training offer as well as the management structure and processes to the context of digitalization.

These results have implications for the public sphere, for decision-making related to the public funding that organizations receive from governments. Indeed, as the empirical results demonstrate, the proposed framework is effective not only in assessing the status of digitalization in the university but also in providing information on the most important aspects that need particular attention to achieve the desired future condition.

The novelty of this study lies in the analysis and evaluation of the digitalization process and how public universities are facing it, from the perspective of university management. Methodologically, the novelty lies in the use of the importance–performance matrix, which not only provides insight into the importance of different aspects to be analyzed but also provides information about their adequacy.

The purpose of this article is to determine the relative importance of the ecological attribute when other attributes referring to the functional performance of a brand are taken into account, and check the effectiveness of environmental labels.

The paper establishes an experiment in which 352 women responsible for the household shopping are exposed to different levels of environmental information. The study analyses the effect said information has on product attitude and purchase intention. In order to transmit the information, a leaflet specifically designed for the research was used.

This study confirms the presence of a positive effect of environmental associations on brand attitude, though this effect is smaller than that of other functional attributes. It also demonstrates that using independent environmental certifications strengthens beliefs in the product's ecological performance.

The use of washing powder can limit the feasibility of extrapolation of the results to other products. Therefore, a replication in other product categories is necessary/advisable.

In the light of the results, using environmental associations certified by independent bodies is recommended. This would help improve both brand attitude and brand equity.

This paper increases the knowledge about the precise commercial usefulness of environmental associations in relation with other attributes.

Before the CETSCALE can be used as a measure of consumer ethnocentrism on an international basis, it is necessary to assess its validity and reliability in as many countries and different conditions as possible. In this sense, the main purpose of this paper is to validate the CETSCALE as a measure of Spanish consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies. This was achieved by means of confirmatory factor analysis. We adopted a competing models strategy. Initially, two alternative models were formulated: a single‐factor model and a two‐factor model. Since both models equally fit the empirical data and after carrying out an in‐depth analysis of the estimated parameters, we considered a third model with two uncorrelated factors. After estimating this new model, the goodness‐of‐fit indices indicated a poor fit compared to the one‐factor model, therefore proving that the scale measures a unidimensional construct and that the measurement error is quite acceptable.

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the field of trust research with a focus on optimising this perception via electronic transactions in the banking industry. Specifically, the study aims to examine trust toward a bank and its dependability using a variety of “institution‐based” trust mechanisms, such as security of transaction, reputation and web quality.

It is expected that the manner in which the trust‐generating mechanisms are presented has different effects on the level of trust in the internet banking services. The analysis of these influences is based on an experimental design applied to internet banking users with the aim of treating the scenarios defined by combinations of stimuli. In particular, a design was used with three intra‐subject factors: the first two, manipulated a priori, combine seals and their associated clauses or arrangements, while the third considered a bank website's quality from the user viewpoint.

The analysis discovers that the mere presence of seals is not in itself important for the explanation of beliefs about trustworthiness and dependability of a website with electronic banking services. However, the manner in which the trust‐generating mechanisms are presented, either individually or in their different combinations, has different effects on trust.

The study is limited to data from one country and a single specific context (a new electronic banking website), so care should be taken when generalising to other electronic businesses. The findings contribute several recommendations for web design and optimisation of the online services and/or content offered by a bank.

This paper is the first study to evaluate the combined effects of four seals generators of trust in a bank's website and its associated arrangements or clauses as well as design quality. The study will provide greater understanding of navigation behaviour and the decisions made by users of electronic banking.

In order to analyse consumer response to differing levels of comparative advertising, we have designed a causal model that includes various measurements of advertising effectiveness (cognitive, affective and connative), along with some of the main moderating factors considered in prior academic research. Thus, we carried out an experimental study in Spain using a total sample of 720 consumers spread out over four large geographical areas of the country. The results drawn from estimating the proposed model indicate that the greater the comparative advertising intensity, the lower the consumer’s perception of believability. Likewise, the number of counter‐arguments presented by the consumer increases, which negatively affects both attitudes and purchase intentions. However, the less well‐known brands on the market are those that benefit most from this advertising strategy, increasing the audience’s attention and improving purchase intentions.