Sandeep Garg and Tarun Kumar Gupta
This paper aims to propose a new fin field-effect transistor (FinFET)-based domino technique low-power series connected foot-driven transistors logic in 32 nm technology and…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to propose a new fin field-effect transistor (FinFET)-based domino technique low-power series connected foot-driven transistors logic in 32 nm technology and examine its performance parameters by performing transient analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
In the proposed technique, the leakage current is reduced at footer node by a division of current to improve the performance of the circuit in terms of average power consumption, propagation delay and noise margin. Simulation of existing and proposed techniques are carried out in FinFET and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology at FinFET 32 nm technology for 2-, 4-, 8- and 16-input domino OR gates on a supply voltage of 0.9 V using HSPICE.
Findings
The proposed technique shows maximum power reduction of 77.74% in FinFET short gate (SG) mode in comparison with current-mirror-based process variation tolerant (CPVT) technique and maximum delay reduction of 51.34% in low power (LP) mode in comparison with CPVT technique at a frequency of 100 MHz. The unity noise gain of the proposed circuit is 1.10× to 1.54× higher in comparison with different existing techniques in FinFET SG mode and 1.11× to 1.71× higher in FinFET LP mode. The figure of merit of the proposed circuit is up to 15.77× higher in comparison with existing domino techniques.
Originality/value
The research proposes a new FinFET-based domino technique and shows improvement in power, delay, area and noise performance. The proposed design can be used for implementing high-speed digital circuits such as microprocessors and memories.
Amit Kumar Pandey, Tarun Kumar Gupta and Pawan Kumar Verma
This paper aims to propose a new sleep signal controlled footless domino circuit for reducing the subthreshold and gate oxide leakage currents.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to propose a new sleep signal controlled footless domino circuit for reducing the subthreshold and gate oxide leakage currents.
Design/methodology/approach
In the proposed circuit, a P channel MOSFET (PMOS) sleep switch transistor is inserted between the power supply and the output node. The sleep transistor, the source of the pull-down network, and the source of the N channel MOSFET (NMOS) transistor of the output inverter are controlled by this additional sleep signal to place the footless domino circuit in a low leakage state.
Findings
The authors simulate the proposed circuit by using HSPICE in 45-nm CMOS technology for OR and AND logic gates such as OR2, OR4, OR8, AND2 and AND4 at 25°C and 110°C. The proposed circuit reduces leakage power consumption as compared to the existing circuits.
Originality/value
The proposed circuit significantly reduces the total leakage power consumption up to 99.41 and 99.51 per cent as compared to the standard dual-threshold voltage footless domino circuits at 25°C and 110°C, respectively, and up to 93.79 and 97.98 per cent as compared to the sleep control techniques at 25°C and 110°C, respectively. Similarly, the proposed circuit reduces the active power consumption up to 26.76 and 86.25 per cent as compared to the standard dual-threshold voltage and sleep control techniques footless domino circuits at 25°C and 110°C, respectively.
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In simultaneous/concurrent engineering (SE/CE), many functions areperformed concurrently; however, manufacturing logistics design isseldom considered. Presents an integrated…
Abstract
In simultaneous/concurrent engineering (SE/CE), many functions are performed concurrently; however, manufacturing logistics design is seldom considered. Presents an integrated methodology for the design of manufacturing logistics and links it with early phases of product design. The concept of “adaptability factor” is proposed, linking choice of manufacturing technology to handling operations performed.
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Jeffrey C. Suhling, H.S. Gale, R. Wayne Johnson, M. Nokibul Islam, Tushar Shete, Pradeep Lall, Michael J. Bozack, John L. Evans, Ping Seto, Tarun Gupta and James R. Thompson
The solder joint reliability of ceramic chip resistors assembled to laminate substrates has been a long time concern for systems exposed to harsh environments. In this work, the…
Abstract
The solder joint reliability of ceramic chip resistors assembled to laminate substrates has been a long time concern for systems exposed to harsh environments. In this work, the thermal cycling reliability of several 2512 chip resistor lead‐free solder joint configurations has been investigated. In an initial study, a comparison has been made between the solder joint reliabilities obtained with components fabricated with both tin‐lead and pure tin solder terminations. In the main portion of the reliability testing, two temperature ranges (−40‐125°C and −40‐150°C) and five different solder alloys have been examined. The investigated solders include the normal eutectic Sn‐Ag‐Cu (SAC) alloy recommended by earlier studies (95.5Sn‐3.8Ag‐0.7Cu), and three variations of the lead‐free ternary SAC alloy that include small quaternary additions of bismuth and indium to enhance fatigue resistance.
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Loknath Sriparavastu and Tarun Gupta
Analyses, through a nationwide empirical survey of US companies, the effects of JIT and TQM strategies and offers important guidelines for JIT/TQM programme co‐ordinators that…
Abstract
Analyses, through a nationwide empirical survey of US companies, the effects of JIT and TQM strategies and offers important guidelines for JIT/TQM programme co‐ordinators that might be helpful during the implementation process. Shows that while companies can benefit from implementation of JIT alone in some areas of manufacturing practices, a good TQM system must be in place both at the company’s and at the supplier’s end. Also shows that the implementation of both JIT and TQM strategies contributes most to increased productivity, employee involvement, management commitment, supplier participation, enhancement in quality and reduction in costs. Even firms that implement one of the two strategies, JIT or TQM, reflect increased productivity and improved quality when compared with the firms that implement none. Finally, indicates that firms which implement both strategies have 40 per cent more quality certifications than the rest.
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Kiran Vuppalapati, Sanjay L. Ahire and Tarun Gupta
The post‐Second World War era has seen the emergence of twostrategies to improve the operational effectiveness of manufacturingfirms: just‐in‐time (JIT) production systems and…
Abstract
The post‐Second World War era has seen the emergence of two strategies to improve the operational effectiveness of manufacturing firms: just‐in‐time (JIT) production systems and total quality management (TQM). Both evolved in Japan, and the West deciphered and applied them later. TQM has evolved in Japan over the last four decades, and JIT principles were developed and applied as an integral part of TQM philosophy. The West, however, deciphered JIT elements of Japanese manufacturing excellence first, followed by recognition of TQM as the underlying philosophy. Hence, these are viewed by a majority of Western researchers and practitioners in isolation (the traditional view). Examines the linkages between JIT and TQM from conceptual, philosophical, and implementation perspectives. Theorizes a synergistic interaction between JIT and TQM when they are viewed as an integrated strategy where JIT is an integral part of TQM philosophy (the integrated view). Provides theoretical support for the thesis that the organizations which implement JIT and TQM jointly as an integrated strategy with JIT elements embedded in the broader TQM philosophy outperform the firms which view them in isolation and implement either one.
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Nakul Gupta, Radha R. Sharma and Rupali Pardasani
Entrepreneurship, internationalization, family-owned business management, strategic management.
Abstract
Subject area
Entrepreneurship, internationalization, family-owned business management, strategic management.
Study level/applicability
MBA/postgraduate management program courses on family business management. The case can be taught at the beginning of the course to acquaint students with the dynamics of family-owned businesses. MBA/postgraduate/undergraduate courses on entrepreneurship. It can be used in the middle of the course to highlight the challenges presented by an entrepreneur due to change in the business environment and macroeconomic scenario. MBA/postgraduate course on strategic management. It can be used at the beginning of the course to introduce strategies for managing and sustaining growth of a business. MBA/postgraduate course on organizational development. It can be used in the middle of the course to help students understand the importance of designing an optimal organizational structure for a family business.
Case overview
FragraAroma was an Indian fragrance company. Anil Gupta, the Founder and Managing Director of FragraAroma, and his sister Nisha were equal shareholders of the company. With changes in the Foreign Direct Investment Policy in 2013 in India, Anil and Nisha's husband Tarun had different expansion plans for FragraAroma. While Anil was planning to expand FragraAroma internationally, but his sister and her husband wanted diversification of the company's customer segment in the domestic market itself. The case is poised at the juncture, where Anil was facing a labyrinth of critical decisions. Would he go ahead with Tarun's expansion plan or stick to his plan of internationalization? Would his decision affect the harmony of the family? Was there a way that could enable him sailing his family and family business out of the doldrums?
Expected learning outcomes
This case is primarily about a family business and the dilemmas faced by the owner of that family business. The case captures the challenges faced by a family business in sustaining growth and competitiveness. The case can be used to understand how decisions are taken in a family-owned business. To understand the challenges faced by a family-owned business while developing and implementing its growth strategies. To understand the opportunities and challenges presented to a family-owned businesses when macroeconomic scenarios change. To understand the spillover effects of business decisions on family relations in a typical family-owned business setup.
Supplementary materials
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Tarun Nanda, Himanshu Gupta, Tejinder P. Singh, Simonov Kusi-Sarpong, Chiappetta Jose Charbel Jabbour and Adriana Cherri
Technology and knowledge have become the buzzwords of the new millennium. Technological changes and demanding customers are creating a more knowledge intensive, turbulent, complex…
Abstract
Purpose
Technology and knowledge have become the buzzwords of the new millennium. Technological changes and demanding customers are creating a more knowledge intensive, turbulent, complex and uncertain environment. Organizations, which are able to continually build faster and cheaper new strategic assets than their competitors, create long-term competitive advantages. Thus, the growth of companies is directly associated with innovativeness and technological development, especially for small organizations that are more vulnerable to dynamic changes in market place. Organizations need a strategic framework that can help them to achieve the goal of technology development and competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to develop such strategic framework for small organizations for their technology development and, hence, survival in marketplace.
Design/methodology/approach
Options field methodology, options profile methodology, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy set theory are utilized to generate various options and profiles to propose a conceptual framework for technology development.
Findings
The results from the study showed that “mixed approach,” “strategic simulation approach” and the “regulatory environment approach,” in this order, emerged as the top three important options for the strategic technological development of small manufacturing enterprises.
Originality/value
This result can provide an original and more accurate implementation pathway toward technological innovative development in emerging economies. The proposed framework can provide valuable guidelines and recommendations to practicing managers and analysts for policy development to promote innovative and technological developments.
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Sachin Kashyap, Sanjeev Gupta and Tarun Chugh
The present work has proposed and employed an innovative hybrid method based on the combination of factor analysis and an artificial neural network (ANN) model to forecast…
Abstract
Purpose
The present work has proposed and employed an innovative hybrid method based on the combination of factor analysis and an artificial neural network (ANN) model to forecast customer satisfaction from the identified dimensions of service quality in India, a developing country.
Design/methodology/approach
The qualitative study is conducted with Internet banking users to understand e-banking clients' perceptions. The data is collected with the help of a questionnaire from randomly selected 208 customers in India. Firstly, factor analysis was performed to determine the influential factors of customer satisfaction, and four factors i.e. efficiency, reliability, security and privacy, and issue and problem handling were extracted accordingly. The neural network model is then applied to the factor scores to validate the key elements. Lastly, the comparative analysis of the actual ANN and the regression predicted result is done.
Findings
The success ability of the linear regression model is challenged when approximated to nonlinear problems such as customer satisfaction. It is concluded that the ANN model is a better fit than the linear regression model, and it can recognise the complex connections between the exogenous and endogenous variables. The results also show that reliability, security and privacy are the most influencing factors; however, problem handling and efficiency have the slightest effect on bank client satisfaction.
Research limitations/implications
This research is conducted in India, and the sample is chosen from the urban area. The limitation of the purposeful sampling technique and the cross-sectional nature of the data may hamper the generalisation of the results.
Originality/value
The conclusions from the study will be helpful for policymakers, bankers and academicians. To our knowledge, few studies used ANN modelling to predict customer satisfaction in the service sector
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Tarun Kanti Bose, Ayvi Hossain Bonna, Jannatul Ferdous Bristy and Roger Moser
This study investigates the rise of online female entrepreneurship in emerging economies from institutional perspectives and the resource-based view (RBV). The research also…
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the rise of online female entrepreneurship in emerging economies from institutional perspectives and the resource-based view (RBV). The research also explores how choosing online entrepreneurship affects the performance of female entrepreneurs.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through surveys, and quantitative data analysis was used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The results indicate that women entrepreneurs perceive online platforms as rare, valuable, imperfectly imitable and non-substitutable resources. Furthermore, the impact of informal institutions on choosing online platforms is supported, but the influence of formal institutions remains unclear. Additionally, the study finds that opting for online platforms helps entrepreneurs achieve financial and stakeholder relationship goals but does not significantly contribute to strategic and learning goals.
Originality/value
Our research highlights how transitioning from a physical to an online business platform can become a valuable resource for marginalized, deprived and struggling entrepreneurs, particularly women, operating within challenging institutional contexts, often prevalent in emerging economies.