This paper aims to examine the variation in Arab/Muslim consumers’ willingness to buy (WTB) from product’s origins (POs) involved in the Arab/Muslim-Israeli animosity case despite…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the variation in Arab/Muslim consumers’ willingness to buy (WTB) from product’s origins (POs) involved in the Arab/Muslim-Israeli animosity case despite their common nationality and religious affiliation.
Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative research methodology is used. A total of 30 Arab and Muslim individuals were interviewed, and web documents were analysed. A grounded theory approach is adopted to analyse the data collected.
Findings
The results reveal that the variation in WTB from offending PO among Arab/Muslim consumers is influenced by the intensity of animosity (IOA) as perceived by the individual consumer towards the PO. IOA is a variable affected by the antagonistic emotional impact which is evoked by the egregiousness of the PO’s actions (PO involvement) and consumer connection with the political issue (consumer involvement) and is moderated by the time of the PO’s egregious actions.
Practical implications
Politically favourable POs in the Arab/Muslim world need to target consumers who perceive greater connection with the political issue, whereas politically unfavourable POs need to target consumers who perceive weaker connection with the political conflict, in addition to distancing themselves from it.
Originality value
This is an original attempt to gain insight into the different levels of willingness of fellow nationals to buy a product from an offending nation in the context of Arab/Muslim-Israeli animosity which is explained through the IOA model of foreign product purchase.
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Tariq Abdullatif Halimi, Clare D’Souza and Gillian Sullivan-Mort
As the Arab/Muslim-Israeli animosity case is attracting international attention, citizens of non-Arab and non-Muslim countries around the world, referred to as third-country…
Abstract
Purpose
As the Arab/Muslim-Israeli animosity case is attracting international attention, citizens of non-Arab and non-Muslim countries around the world, referred to as third-country nationals (TCNs), are increasingly joining the boycott against Israel. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of empathy for the citizens of the countries offended by Israel, namely Palestine and Lebanon, as a potential factor affecting TCNs decision to boycott Israeli products.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 20 in-depth interviews were conducted with non-Arab, non-Muslim, and non-Israeli informants from different national and religious backgrounds, supported by secondary data sources. The qualitative grounded theory approach was employed to analyse data in order to answer the research questions.
Findings
TCNs decision to boycott Israeli products is affected by their empathic concern for the citizens of Palestine and Lebanon rather than by animosity towards Israel. Such concern is evoked by their awareness of the animosity case and further strengthened by their self-transcendence/universalism values and interaction with the case which activate their altruism towards the citizens of the offended countries, and consequently motivates them to relieve or reduce the suffering of these citizens by avoiding Israeli products. Greater emphasis is given to the Arab/Muslim-Israeli animosity case as a result of the greater empathic emotional impact it generates compared to other cases.
Originality/value
This is an original attempt to distinguish empathy from animosity as a factor which can affect TCNs decision to buy from a country engaged in hostile actions against another country other than their own. As the boycott campaign against the country under examination is growing internationally, this study can help international marketers in setting strategies to either exploit or combat the boycott campaign.
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Clare D’Souza, Stephen Singaraju, Tariq Halimi and Gillian Sillivan Mort
The purpose of this paper is to identify themes on international experiences that impact culture and how these findings will intervene in understanding cross-cultural training…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify themes on international experiences that impact culture and how these findings will intervene in understanding cross-cultural training programs. Thereby an attempt is made to: evaluate cross-cultural insensitivity influences on cross-cultural shock and willingness to adapt, identify cultural impressions over a short overseas period, provide some insights on cross-cultural training that will improve training practices for cross-cultural assignments.
Design/methodology/approach
A diary method was used to analyze the data using NVivo. This research uses diary studies because they have been popular in identifying factors that influence learners to learn, as well as found to be productive to achieve short term experiences. They allow for in-depth analysis, uncovering several findings unlike observation and interviews that cannot reach. In addition, diary text is said to give information on areas of social reality that are not contained in the text. Following this the study used the theme category frequencies to enable us to undertake non-parametric testing of contingency tables.
Findings
Several descriptors were identified in this study; the χ2-test indicates that there is a difference in cultural shock experiences on negative cultural sensitivity but no difference in positive cultural sensitivity which was found significant at the p=0.05 level. On the other hand there is a significant association between positive cultural sensitivity and willingness to adjust and no significant association between negative cultural sensitivity and willingness to adjust which was found significant at the p=0.05 level.
Research limitations/implications
This research shows how learning in higher education can take into account the experiences by which learners can use their knowledge and skills for future cross-cultural training in international careers.
Practical implications
These results can be useful in guiding vocational interests. The results of the research offer descriptors of an exploratory nature which can also be used as a reference analysis for consequent phases in cross-cultural training.
Originality/value
Research provides several descriptors on international culture such as culture shock, positive and negative intercultural sensitivity, and willingness to adapt, some of which were significant. Diary method to analyze data are used which is distinctive and unique to understand behavior.
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Umi Karomah Yaumidin, Chitra Indah Yuliana, Endang S. Soesilowati, Achsanah Hidayatina, Yani Mulyaningsih, I Gede Mahatma Yuda Bakti, Renie Oelviani, Witono Adiyoga, Purwanto Purwanto, Yennita Sihombing and Farmawaty Malik
The Indonesian Government demanded that all beverages and food products, including rice, be halal-certified. Farmers play a crucial role in the rice halal certification…
Abstract
Purpose
The Indonesian Government demanded that all beverages and food products, including rice, be halal-certified. Farmers play a crucial role in the rice halal certification procedures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing farmers’ intentions and behaviours towards halal rice production.
Design/methodology/approach
Partial least squares–structural equation modelling was used to analyse survey data collected from 278 rice farmers in Indonesia.
Findings
This study indicates that farmers’ intentions and perceived behavioural control have a favourable and significant impact on their behaviours towards halal rice farming. Importantly, halal certification awareness can operate as a moderator to improve the effects of attitude on farmers’ intentions to comply with halal requirements in rice production.
Practical implications
This study’s results hold significant practical implications for stakeholders interested in encouraging farmers to purchase halal-certified rice seeds and sell paddy to halal-certified rice milling companies. Efforts to improve farmers’ knowledge and awareness of halal certification include organising halal certification courses, creating a supportive social environment, sharing farmers’ success stories and establishing support mechanisms to assist farmers in incorporating halal concepts into their businesses.
Originality/value
Research on halal certification from producers’ perspectives, particularly among farmers, remains limited. This study addresses this gap by exploring farmers’ behaviours towards halal rice production and contributing insights for stakeholders interested in promoting halal rice certification.
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Khasan S. Karimov, Zubair Ahmad, Noshin Fatima, Muhammad Mansoor Ahmed and Muhammad Abid
The paper aims to study the effects of humidity on the electrical properties of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films deposited at different gravity conditions.
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to study the effects of humidity on the electrical properties of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films deposited at different gravity conditions.
Design/methodology/approach
Surface-type samples were fabricated on glass substrates with preliminary-deposited copper electrodes. The CuPc solution was prepared in benzene. The thin films of CuPc were deposited on these substrates at diverse gravity conditions by drop-casting and centrifugation at 1 × g and 70 × g, respectively. Impedance and capacitance of the fabricated devices were measured against the different relative humidity ranging from 32 to 98 per cent.
Findings
The impedance and the capacitance of the CuPc film were found to be dependent on the ambient humidity levels (32-98 per cent) and the gravity conditions (1 × g and 70 × g) opted during the fabrication process.
Research limitations/implications
The centrifugation technique can potentially be used in the instrumentation industry for the fabrication of humidity sensors.
Practical implications
The results of the investigations can potentially be used in the instrumentation and optoelectronics industry for the fabrication of humidity sensors.
Originality/value
CuPc films were deposited from a solution in benzene using drop-casting and centrifugation. The electrical properties of the films were found to be dependent on film fabrication conditions and ambient humidity levels. Growth-dependent electrical properties of the CuPc films can be explained by considering their structure.