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The purpose of this study was to determine the sweetness and antioxidant profile‐based nutritional quality of non‐netted orange fleshed muskmelon (cv Maduri) fruit during its development and ripening.

The important nutritional quality determining parameters like sugars, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phenolics and total antioxidant activity were quantitatively analyzed at five sequential stages of development and ripening of muskmelon. The activities of sugar metabolizing enzymes such as sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase were evaluated. Further, antioxidant enzymes like peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase which played a significant role in scavenging reactive oxygen species were also assayed.

The results of the present study demonstrated that the sugars got accumulated in high amount in the ripened muskmelon fruit, indicating it as a high sucrose accumulating genotype. However, sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase exhibited inconsistency in their activities. Phenolics also got accumulated initially with their maximum quantity in the pre‐ripened stage, but thereafter they decreased. Superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase exhibited a progressive synergetic relationship of scavenging of reactive oxygen species with the development and ripening of fruit.

This study revealed that non‐netted muskmelon is a nutritionally rich fruit with significant accumulation of antioxidants and having an added potential source of sweetness.

Increased reliance on major food crops has caused shrinking of the food basket. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to introduce underutilised fruit of Karanda (Carissa carandus L.) for its commercial exploitation.

The present study elucidates the physiological changes that prevail in the fruits of Karanda during its successive stages of growth and ripening. Changes in sugars, starch, proteins, phenols, amino acids, role of various enzymes and rate of ethylene and respiration has been used as parameters to access the physiological changes taking place.

Notable change was observed in its colour from green to deep blue/black, accumulation of sugars and proteins, degradation of starch, phenols and free amino acids. Cell wall degrading enzymes (polygalactouronase and pectin methylesterase) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase) showed their active role, while that of cell wall degrading enzyme cellulase and hydrolyzing enzymes (amylase and invertase) were not active during the growth and ripening of the fruit. Increased levels of respiration and ethylene production determined it to be a climacteric type of fruit.

The study does not provide information regarding the other nutritional parameters of the fruits like vitamins and minerals.

The physiological changes in relation to growth and ripening would be useful in determining the maturity indices for harvesting and utilization of this underutilised Karanda fruit.

Flowers and fruits of Madhuca longifolia (Koenig) (mahua) tree are edible and used as traditional Indian medicines. The physicochemical properties of different parts of mahua are investigated. This study aims to estimate the different mineral contents, polyphenols compounds and antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition, reducing power, free radical scavenging activity using 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays of mahua flower, ripe and unripe fruit.

Flavonoids were identified and quantified in yellow flowers and fruits of M. longifolia tree by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector. Low molecular weight carbohydrates were determined by the ICBio scan, a specific method for determining of carbohydrates. Mineral content is determined by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Physicochemical, nutritional and mineral properties of mahua flower, ripe and unripe fruit were investigated by the statistical approach of principal component analysis (PCA).

Ascorbic acid, gallic acid (GA), quercetin and myrcetin were the phenolic compounds identified and quantified in mahua flower and fruit extracts. Sugar profiling of mahua flowers and fruits confirmed the presence of inositol, sorbitol, mannitol, dextrose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose and maltose. The mineral content of Na, K, Mg and Ca was present in quite a good amount in all samples. Total phenolic content (TPC) was significantly high in mahua flower (25.3 ± 1.0 mg GA equivalent/g FW) followed by mahua unripe (15.8 ± 1.0 mg GA equivalent/g FW) and ripe fruit (14.3 ± 1.0 mg GA equivalent/g FW) at p = 5%. In contrast, total flavonoid contents (TFCs) were highest in ripe fruit, then mahua flower and unripe fruit. Positive correlations were predicted by PCA for mahua flower with TPC, antioxidant activity assays and minerals except for Na; ripe fruit with TFC and Na; and unripe fruit with maltose and sorbitol.

This study demonstrates the application of LIBS for the determination of elements present in the mahua flowers and fruits and reveals that mahua can be a good source of nutrients. Sugar profiling of mahua flower showed that it is a rich source of reducing and non-reducing sugar, proving that mahua flower juice can be used as a natural sweetener in the development of different food products, namely, biscuits, cookies, cake, jam, jelly, juice and squash.

The purpose of this paper is to propose the knowledge of thermal transport of magneto hydrodynamic non-Newtonian fluid flow over a melting sheet in the presence of exponential heat source.

The group of PDE is mutated as dimension free with the assistance of similarity transformations and these are highly nonlinear and coupled. The authors solved the coupled ODE’s with the help of fourth-order Runge–Kutta based shooting technique. The impact of dimensionless sundry parameters on three usual distributions of the flow was analyzed and bestowed graphically. Along with them friction factor, heat and mass transfer rates have been assessed and represented with the aid of table.

Results exhibited that all the flow fields (velocity, concentration and temperature) are decreasing functions of melting parameter. Also the presence of cross-diffusion highly affects the heat and mass transfer performance.

Present paper deals with the heat and mass transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamics flow of non-Newtonian fluids past a melting surface. The effect of exponential heat source is also considered. Moreover this is a new work in the field of heat transfer in non-Newtonian fluid flows.

Metal matrix composites (MMC) has been a section which gives an overview of composite materials and owing to those exceptional physical and mechanical properties, particulate-reinforced aluminum MMCs have gained increasing interest in particular engineering applications. Owing to the toughness and abrasive quality of reinforcement components such as silicon carbide (SiC) and titanium carbide (TiC), such materials are categorized as difficult materials for machining. The work aims to develop the model for evaluating the machinability of the materials via the response surface technique by machining three distinct types of hybrid MMCs.

The combined effects of three machining parameters, namely “cutting speed” (s), “feed rate” (f) and “depth of cut” (d), together with three separate composite materials, were evaluated with the help of three performance characteristics, i.e. material removal rate (MRR), cutting force (CF) and surface roughness (SR). Response surface methodology and analysis of variance (ANOVA) both were initially used for analyzing the machining parameters results.

The contours were developed to observe the combined process parameters along with their correlations. The process variables were concurrently configured using grey relational analysis (GRA) and the composite desirability methodology. Both the GRA and composite desirability approach obtained similar results.

The results obtained in the present paper will be helpful for decision-makers in manufacturing industries, who work on metal cutting area especially composites, to select the suitable solution by implementing the Grey Taguchi and modeling techniques.

The originality of this research is to identify the suitability of process parameters combination based on the obtained research results. The optimization of machining parameters in turning of hybrid metal matrix composites is carried out with two different methods such as Grey Taguchi and composite desirability approach.

The purpose of this paper is to address the combined effects of thermal radiation and chemical reaction on steady MHD mixed convective heat and mass transfer flow past a vertical surface under the influence of Joule and viscous dissipation.

The governing system of partial differential equations is transformed to dimensionless equations using dimensionless variables. The dimensionless equations are then solved analytically using perturbation technique.

With the help of graphs, the effects of the various important parameters entering into the problem on the dimensionless velocity, dimensionless temperature and dimensionless concentration fields within the boundary layer are discussed. The authors noticed that the velocity increases with an increase in the porosity parameter. An increase in the Prandtl number Pr, decreases the velocity and the temperature field. An increase in the radiation parameter, decreases the velocity and the temperature field. Also the effects of the pertinent parameters on the skin-friction coefficient and rates of heat and mass transfer in terms of the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are presented numerically in tabular form.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, recent this work has not been finished by any other researchers.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the steady 2D buoyancy effects on MHD flow over a permeable stretching sheet through porous medium in the presence of suction/injection.

Similarity transformations are employed to transform the governing partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The transformed equations are then solved numerically by a shooting technique.

The working fluid is examined for several sundry parameters graphically and in tabular form. It is observed that with an increase in magnetic field and permeability of porous parameter, velocity profile decreases while temperature and concentration enhances. Stretching sheet parameter reduces velocity, temperature and concentration, whereas it increases skin friction factor, Nusselt number and Sherwood number.

Till now no numerical studies are reported on the effects of heat source and thermal radiation on MHD flow over a permeable stretching sheet embedded in porous medium in the presence of chemical reaction.

This paper aims to analyze heat and mass transfer of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) non-Newtonian fluids flow past an inclined thermally stratified porous plate using a numerical approach.

The flow equations are set up with the non-linear free convective term, thermal radiation, nanofluids and Soret–Dufour effects. Thus, the non-linear partial differential equations of the flow analysis were simplified by using similarity transformation to obtain non-linear coupled equations. The set of simplified equations are solved by using the spectral homotopy analysis method (SHAM) and the spectral relaxation method (SRM). SHAM uses the approach of Chebyshev pseudospectral alongside the homotopy analysis. The SRM uses the concept of Gauss-Seidel techniques to the linear system of equations.

Findings revealed that a large value of the non-linear convective parameters for both temperature and concentration increases the velocity profile. A large value of the Williamson term is detected to elevate the velocity plot, whereas the Casson parameter degenerates the velocity profile. The thermal radiation was found to elevate both velocity and temperature as its value increases. The imposed magnetic field was found to slow down the fluid velocity by originating the Lorentz force.

The novelty of this paper is to explore the heat and mass transfer effects on MHD non-Newtonian fluids flow through an inclined thermally-stratified porous medium. The model is formulated in an inclined plate and embedded in a thermally-stratified porous medium which to the best of the knowledge has not been explored before in literature. Two elegance spectral numerical techniques have been used in solving the modeled equations. Both SRM and SHAM were found to be accurate.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating role of workplace spirituality (WS) in the relationship between team transformational leadership (TTL) and team viability (TV) under the theoretical lens of the theory of optimal distinctiveness of identities.

This study adopted quantitative, cross-sectional research design at the team level of analysis among 141 software development project teams that belonged to 22 information technology (IT) organizations in the Indian IT sector to evaluate the effect of TTL behavior on TV under the conditional presence of WS.

This research has found empirical evidence to show that TTL is positively associated with TV or the team members’ desire to be a part of future performance episodes of their team. However, this research has shown that the relative effect of WS on the relationship between TTL and TV is weaker in those teams that experience higher levels of WS than those teams that experience lower levels of WS.

This research’s originality exists in its team-level conceptualization of WS, a gap in prior research addressed by this paper, in order to evaluate the interactive effects of team-level conceptualizations of transformational leadership and WS on TV. Further, this paper’s originality stems from the explanation of TV as the result of desirable balance between team members’ needs for within-team inclusion and within-team differentiation.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of thermal radiation interaction with Hall current, buoyancy force, and oscillatory surface temperature on hydromagnetic-mixed convective heat exchange stream of an electrically conducting nanofluid past a moving permeable plate in a porous medium within a rotating system.

Analytical closed-form solutions are obtained for both the momentum and the energy equations using the perturbation method.

The effects of various important parameters on velocity and temperature fields within the boundary layer are discussed for three different water-based nanofluids containing copper (Cu), aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) as nanoparticles. Local skin friction and Nusselt number are illustrated graphically and discussed quantitatively. The results show that Hall current significantly affects the flow system. Results for some special cases of the present analysis are in good agreement with the existing literature.

The problem is relatively original to study the hydromagnetic-oscillatory flow of a nanofluid with Hall effect and thermal radiation past a vertical plate in a rotating porous medium.