The objective of this chapter is to discuss how different techniques in Regional Science and Peace Science and the emerging techniques in Management Science can be used in…
Abstract
The objective of this chapter is to discuss how different techniques in Regional Science and Peace Science and the emerging techniques in Management Science can be used in analysing Disaster Management and Global pandemic with special reference to developing countries. It is necessary for me to first discuss the subjects of Disaster Management, Regional Science, Peace Science and Management Science. The objective of this chapter is to emphasise that the studies of Disaster Management should be more integrated with socioeconomic and geographical factors. The greatest disaster facing the world is the possibility of war, particularly nuclear war, and the preparation of the means of destruction through military spending.
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Muhammad Haseeb Shakil, Junaid Khalil, Ali Sajjad, Muhammad Mukarram and Qasim Ali Nisar
Purpose: This chapter aims to review and brief the role of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility (SCSR) in the tourism industry, targeting its impact on the performance and…
Abstract
Purpose: This chapter aims to review and brief the role of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility (SCSR) in the tourism industry, targeting its impact on the performance and sustainability of the tourism industry. This chapter seeks to provide insights into how SCSR can lead to a positive transformation and competitive advantage.
Methodology: The chapter incorporates a brief literature review to examine current trends, hurdles, and benchmarking in the implementation of SCSR in the tourism industry. Comparative analysis and recent literature are used to extract valuable results and implications for effective tourism management.
Research limitations: The current chapter has limited potential biases in the selection of literature and the evolving nature of CSR in the tourism sector. Future research is required to check the developments in tourism and CSR.
Results: This chapter shed light on the complex association between the performance of CSR and business in the tourism industry, highlighting the importance of governance qualities and new initiatives for achieving financial sustainability.
Originality/value: This chapter adds valuable insights to the existing literature by shedding light on the most recent literature on SCSR in the tourism industry and provides inputs for setups looking for sustainability.
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Emilia Mary Bălan, Laura Mariana Cismaș and Cristina Georgiana Zeldea
Introduction: Climate change and the limiting nature of fossil natural resources are compelling elements that have driven the search for environmentally friendly alternatives to…
Abstract
Introduction: Climate change and the limiting nature of fossil natural resources are compelling elements that have driven the search for environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional economy. In this context, as the main pillar of bioeconomy, biomass can contribute to energy sustainability, temper effects of climate change, and make the use of natural resources more efficiently. Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries have a relatively common economic history of agriculture playing a pivotal role in the former centralized economy. Purpose: This chapter analyzed the importance of biomass produced from residues of crops in CEE countries. This analysis is regarded as incentive to take a deeper look at biomass in CEE countries with acknowledged agricultural potential. CEE countries have been part of the former European socialist bloc, with agriculture being a core component of the centralized economy. Even though their economies have been undergoing a lengthy transition process to the market economy, this sector of activity still holds a significant share. Therefore, CEE countries provide a suitable ground for our analysis. Methodology: The authors selected characteristics of the agricultural sectors and development, and assess their relationship with biomass production in the CEE countries, using an Ordinary Least Squares method. Then, the authors investigate the environmental implications of crop biomass production in a similar framework. Findings: The results reveal that the agricultural biomass sector contributes to economic development, and it does not have negative implications for environmental indicators. These results show that biomass production is a sustainable target to be pursued.
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Seyi S. Stephen, Ayodeji E. Oke, Clinton O. Aigbavboa, Opeoluwa I. Akinradewo, Pelumi E. Adetoro and Matthew Ikuabe
The chapter provided a comprehensive overview of lean construction as a transformative paradigm within the building industry. It delved into the core principles, tools, and…
Abstract
The chapter provided a comprehensive overview of lean construction as a transformative paradigm within the building industry. It delved into the core principles, tools, and techniques of lean construction, emphasising its advantages and the challenges associated with its implementation. Furthermore, it highlighted the pivotal role of lean construction principles in streamlining building excellence during the construction stage. The chapter also explored the concept of lean construction for stealth construction, presenting practical applications and a case study to illustrate its efficacy. Overall, it offered a synthesised understanding of lean construction’s significance, potential, and challenges, concluding with a general summary of its implications for the building industry.
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Gaurav Aggarwal, Vineet Jain, Puneeta Ajmera and Jose Arturo Garza-Reyes
Electricity savings from energy-efficient appliances (EEAs) may have a significant impact on reducing global warming. There are several barriers confronted by EEAs, which have…
Abstract
Purpose
Electricity savings from energy-efficient appliances (EEAs) may have a significant impact on reducing global warming. There are several barriers confronted by EEAs, which have lowered their acceptance rate. The current study aims to identify and highlight key barriers to strengthening domestic sector adoption of EEAs in developing countries.
Design/methodology/approach
In the current study, 13 barriers were discovered by an in-depth literature review and the judgement of experts as well. Further, integrated “interpretive structural modeling” (ISM) and “decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory” (DEMATEL) approaches are used to evaluate barriers. The ISM technique is implemented to categorize barriers into distinct hierarchy levels and “cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification” (MICMAC) analysis to divide barriers among four clusters “independent, linkage, dependent and autonomous.” Moreover, the DEMATEL methodology is applied to classify the barriers among cause and effect clusters.
Findings
The integrated ISM and DEMATEL approach suggests that the topmost influencing barriers to the acceptance of EEAs are the lack of Government policies and initiatives, lack of attractive loan financing and subsidized energy prices.
Practical implications
This study would help researchers, regulators, producers, policymakers and consumers to comprehend the need for additional developments and understand that the adoption of EEAs is a current need. Overall, the results of this study expedite stakeholders with the key barriers that may assist to enhance the acceptance of EEAs within the domestic sector.
Originality/value
An extensive literature survey showed a dearth of studies for the identification, modeling and analysis of barriers collectively. Therefore, the current work used the ISM and DEMATEL approaches to fill the gap and to provide more comprehensive knowledge on barriers related to the acceptance of EEA.
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M. Husnawan, H.H. Masjuki and T.M.I. Mahlia
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of palm olein, amine phosphate and 4‐nonyl phenoxy acetic acid (NPAA) added to a commercial lubricant in terms of tribological…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of palm olein, amine phosphate and 4‐nonyl phenoxy acetic acid (NPAA) added to a commercial lubricant in terms of tribological properties such as wear and coefficient of friction.
Design/methodology/approach
A tribological study on the lubrication performance of a lubricant‐based palm oil (PO) containing anti‐wear and antioxidant combined corrosion inhibitor additive was carried out using a universal sliding wear machine. In this experiment, amine phosphate and NPAA were selected as additive to be mixed with PO (palm olein) in several concentrations and commercial lubricant 20W‐50 for the tests. Various PO blended samples with additional 1 and 3 percent additive were used in this study. The experiments were performed under 252 rpm sliding speed for 2 h where the oil temperature reached 100°C.
Findings
The analysis showed that the average wear coefficient and the mean wear scar diameter (MWSD) which is normalized to the 1.4 KPa water pressure generates lower values for the PO containing additives than 100 percent PO, commercial lubricant and their blended. The coefficients of friction and wear were also lower for the samples with additives compared to other. To consolidate the result, viscosity of used samples is checked and shows the additives improved the viscosity stability. Finally, the overall study concluded that PO‐added additives have the potential to be one of the ingredients in effective lubricant oil.
Research limitations/implications
The paper is limited to findings based on a Universal Sliding Machine Test under certain conditions. The test has been conducted on the basis of three types of chemical compounds (palm olein, amine phosphate and NPAA) which are designed as a combination of anti‐wear and antioxidant additive. Wear and friction characteristics of the lubricant with and without these additives are analyzed in this paper. However, the film formation and microstructure analysis of the lubricated materials are excluded in this study.
Practical implications
This paper shows a significant reduction of average wear rate and friction coefficient when palm olein and additive added to the lubricant compared to pure commercial lubricant. In terms of wear scar diameter (WSD), with additional palm olein and additive produces lower WSD which is under the standard limit of diesel lubricity. These results have confirmed that by using palm olein as renewable component together with amine phosphate and NPAA additive would improve lubrication performance as well as improves biodegradability of the lubricant.
Originality/value
This paper emphasises the advantages of synthetic additives that are derived from renewable resources. Since environmental issues are now stringent, many lubricant industries have focused on environmentally friendly lubricant and researches on this particular area become important. The presented tests have been carried out in the above area which is close to those applied in lubricant industry. Thus, the results are reliable and could be very useful both for lubricant designers and the researchers of lubricant and additive formulation.
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Sheikh Najam-mu-Sahar and Hafizullah Dar
Purpose: Recent years have seen a tremendous surge in research into corporate social responsibility (CSR). One noticeable aspect is the increasing relevance of CSR in the tourist…
Abstract
Purpose: Recent years have seen a tremendous surge in research into corporate social responsibility (CSR). One noticeable aspect is the increasing relevance of CSR in the tourist and hospitality industry, which reflects the industry's fast growth and emphasis on solving societal issues. The current study aimed to assess CSR in tourism and hospitality offering a thorough understanding of CSR in a wider context of sustainability, financial performance and ethical considerations.
Methodology: A qualitative desk research approach was undertaken to conduct this study. Thorough review of contemporary research literature, including content analysis, was done for data gathering.
Findings: Findings show that CSR is rising as a key trend in the worldwide tourism and hospitality business, with a significant impact on the industry's performance and development. Tourism and hospitality industry shows both positive and negative economic impacts on the environment and society. To offset negative impacts, this industry is progressively embracing CSR initiatives. An integration between CSR and sustainable tourism, highlights the stability of socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural growth while considering interests of all stakeholders. The effect of CSR on the financial performance of the tourist and hospitality industry reveals that CSR has a favorable influence on financial performance of hotels, but mixed outcomes are shown in restaurants, cruises, and airlines. Highlighting insights on tourism corporations incorporating strategic and ethical CSR ideals into their activities, this study concludes with practical implications.
Originality: This study creates a unified integrated framework based on intersection of strategic CSR, financial performance, sustainability, and ethical aspects in tourism and hospitality.
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Nwakaego Chikaodinaka Onyenokporo and Ekele Thompson Ochedi
The purpose of this paper is to develop a set of affordable retrofit packages that can be applied to existing residential buildings in hot-humid regions to improve occupants’…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a set of affordable retrofit packages that can be applied to existing residential buildings in hot-humid regions to improve occupants’ thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption.
Design/methodology/approach
A critical review of relevant literature to identify passive design strategies for improving thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption in hot-humid climates with focus on the building envelope was conducted in addition to a simulation study of an existing building typology in study area.
Findings
There is enormous potential to reduce energy costs and improve thermal comfort through building retrofit packages which is a recent concept in developing countries, such as Nigeria. Analysing the results of the retrofit interventions using building energy simulation helped in developing affordable retrofit packages which had optimum effect in improving indoor comfort temperature to the neutral temperature specified for hot humid Nigeria and further down to 3°C less than that of the reference building used. The use of passive design strategies to retrofit the building might help homeowners reduce their annual energy consumption by up to 46.3 per cent just by improving the indoor thermal comfort.
Originality/value
In addition to improving thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption, this research identified affordable retrofit packages and considered its cost implications especially to low-income earners who form a larger population of Lagos, Nigeria, as this was not considered by many previous researchers.
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Flavio Morales-Ríos, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Sarahit Castillo-Benancio, Maria de las Mercedes Anderson-Seminario, Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales and Marc A. Rosen
Latin American countries must prioritize energy efficiency and renewable energies in their energy policies. This has been debated for the past few decades. However, it is…
Abstract
Latin American countries must prioritize energy efficiency and renewable energies in their energy policies. This has been debated for the past few decades. However, it is impossible to deny that energy efficiency and renewable energies have significant potential to mitigate the adverse effects of ever-increasing energy consumption induced by economic growth and the transformation of societies toward more energy-intensive models. This chapter identifies how sustainable energy policies could be considered successful in various Latin American economies through an active review and comparison of traditional energy models and their transition and respective consequences. The chapter concludes that there are national energy plans in countries in the region with a sustainable approach, and that clean energy and renewable sources have great potential. But it is also concluded that there is still a long way to go concerning legislation and legal frameworks.