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My specific interest in agricultural machinery really began with a visit to the Royal Show last year, for my elder son had just started work as a farmer, and I went along with him and his boss just for a day out.

This paper aims to study the effects of couple stresses and surface roughness on the minimum film thickness of heavily loaded rollers and to discuss these by following Grubin's approach and Crook's approximations.

A generalised form of Reynolds equation for rough surfaces with lubricant as couple stress fluid is derived. This equation is then used to study the combined effect of couple stresses and surface roughness on the roller bearings under heavily loaded conditions. EHD minimum film thickness expressions is obtained by following Grubin's approach and Crook's approximation and it is studied numerically.

It is found that, as the chain length of the additive molecules increases, the elastohydrodynamic minimum film thickness increases. Also, as the mean height of roughness asperities increases, the elastohydrodynamic minimum film thickness increases for the transversal roughness and it decreases in the case of longitudinal roughness.

These effects are studied theoretically by the mathematical equations in heavily loaded roller bearings.

Reduction of the film thickness in the EHD lubrication between the rollers can be compensated by the use of lubricants containing additives of molecules of size. As a result the bearing performance can be improved.

This research paper provides a closed form of the expressions for the bearings in EHD lubrication and is studied with regard to couple stress parameter. This paper helps to manufacture better bearings.

Retirement is a phenomenon unique to modern industrial societies. It is only within the last century, through technological and scientific advances, that industrial nations have been able to produce significant surpluses of food and goods, while simultaneously diminishing the effects of disease and raising the overall standard of living. These advances, combined with the demographic shift which accompanies a declining birth rate (a proportional increase in number of old people to total population), the development of large national bureaucracies, and sudden shifts in the industrial market, have left significant numbers of older workers with obsolete skills and have led to the evolution of a major “retired” segment of the population.

We are requested to publish the following Manifesto:—

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ways in which players and producers of promotional alternate reality games (ARGs) negotiate their commercial status, similar to the way in which Matt Hills (2002) argues fan communities negotiate their position within a commercial media industry.

In-depth interviews with game designers is combined with the results of an online player survey and qualitative analysis of discussion on player forums. This provides a strong platform from which to discuss player and producer attitudes towards the status of promotional ARGs as marketing materials.

Both players and producers use various strategies which allow them to negotiate their relationship to the commercial nature of promotional ARGs. These include a focus on the immersive nature of the games (also known as the “This Is Not a Game” philosophy), defining their creative interests strongly against the perceived commercial interests of corporate media companies and an emphasis on the personal, emotional or affective impact of the games.

In the very slim body of academic work on promotional ARGs, few scholars have considered the status of the games as marketing from the perspective of the audience. The paper provides original audience research which is of value and interest to scholars in a diverse variety of disciplines, and to anyone involved in the production or consumption of ARGs.

On 26th November, with the help of a speech by Robin Leigh‐Pemberton, the Governor of the Bank of England, Investors in Industry launched a new book by G M J Richardson Understanding industry today (David and Charles, 1984. Paper £4; Hardback £7.95. ISBN 0 7153 8663 8). It is based on a course of eight lectures which have for the last five years been successfully delivered to over 23,000 sixth‐form pupils under an ‘Understanding Industry’ scheme devised by Investors in Industry. The book goes further than the course and provides a clear, readily understandable account of what goes on in industry and its immense importance to the life of the community. Ignorance of industry is by no means confined to sixth form pupils and though the book is especially useful, in a library context, for school libraries and children's libraries, it would undoubtedly also be an excellent acquisition in public libraries for adult readers. It defines many terms used in industry, debunks mystique, clears up common misconceptions, and I wish I had had it available when I was an industrial information officer to put into the hands of my company's new recruits.

This study aims to explore the determinants of behavioral intentions during the previsit stage by investigating the influence of audience involvement with the audiovisual product and the mediating role played by place attachment.

Structural equation modeling was employed to verify the hypothesized relationships using the AMOS 24.0 program to assess the proposed model. A total of 564 young Chinese audiences who had watched the Thai television (TV) series “I Told Sunset About You” but had not previously visited Phuket, Thailand, were collected using the online survey as participants.

The findings indicate that audience involvement has a significant positive effect on place attachment and behavioral intentions during the previsit stage. Place attachment significantly influences behavioral intentions. Moreover, the result suggests that place attachment significantly mediates the relationship between audience involvement and behavioral intentions.

This study contributes to film tourism research by revealing the crucial role of audience involvement in enhancing place attachment and fostering behavioral intentions toward depicted destinations among potential tourists.

This study suggests that destination marketers should be aware of the soft power of films and TV series to promote destination and attract prospective tourists.

This study provides a distinctive perspective on the interrelationships between audience involvement, place attachment, and previsit behavioral intentions. Additionally, it sheds light on the underlying mechanisms influencing potential tourists' behaviors in the context of film tourism.

The advantages and disadvantages of global marketing standardization are well documented. Managers, however, often view the standardization versus adaptation debate as a black and white issue. Yet there is an important middle ground which, for example, includes the use of standardized international branding together with the adaptation of product specifications to national preferences. Such fine‐tuning can lead to substantial competitive advantages for internationally active companies. Suggests a methodology that can be employed for assessing the scope for product standardization. Using the newly created European Union as an empirical backdrop, focuses on product attribute preferences of British and German consumers with regard to automobile purchases. The application of a partially‐individualized conjoint analysis enables the quantification of the expressed preferences in each country and provides managerially relevant information on the product attributes that should or should not be standardized.