Priyanka Katiyar, T V Sreekumar, Kingsuk Mukhopadhyay, Anurag Srivastava and K U Bhasker Rao
Textile fibers reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) show significant improvement in mechanical properties. Being lightweight and stronger than ordinary textile grade fibers…
Abstract
Textile fibers reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) show significant improvement in mechanical properties. Being lightweight and stronger than ordinary textile grade fibers, they can be used for different reinforcement applications. This paper reports a study on the comparison of the mechanical properties of composite fibers made of polypropylene (PP) and CNT obtained from different sources. A single walled nanotube from Carbolex USA, mutiwalled nanotubes from Iljin, Korea and DMSRDE Kanpur are used for the study. The composite fibers are made in two varieties viz. 0.5wt% and 1wt% concentration of CNT. It is observed that the mechanical properties, such as tenacity and modulus, increased with increased concentrations of the CNT irrespective of the brand and nature of the synthesis. The composite fibers made of multi walled CNT produced by DMSRDE give the best results in terms of spinnability and mechanical properties. The tenacity of the DMSRDE fibers is as high as ∼9gpd and modulus as high as 114gpd.
Details
Keywords
Ruchi Sinha, Louise Kyriaki, Zachariah R. Cross, Imogen E. Weigall and Alex Chatburn
This chapter introduces electroencephalography (EEG), a measure of neurophysiological activity, as a critical method for investigating individual and team decision-making and…
Abstract
This chapter introduces electroencephalography (EEG), a measure of neurophysiological activity, as a critical method for investigating individual and team decision-making and cognition. EEG is a useful tool for expanding the theoretical and research horizons in organizational cognitive neuroscience, with a lower financial cost and higher portability than other neuroimaging methods (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging). This chapter briefly reviews past work that has applied cognitive neuroscience methods to investigate cognitive processes and outcomes. The focus is on describing contemporary EEG measures that reflect individual cognition and compare them to complementary measures in the field of psychology and management. The authors discuss how neurobiological measures of cognition relate to and may predict both individual cognitive performance and team cognitive performance (decision-making). This chapter aims to assist scholars in the field of managerial and organizational cognition in understanding the complementarity between psychological and neurophysiological methods, and how they may be combined to develop new hypotheses in the intersection of these research fields.
Details
Keywords
This paper explores the different open science policy effects on the knowledge generation process of researchers in basic sciences: biology, chemistry and physics.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper explores the different open science policy effects on the knowledge generation process of researchers in basic sciences: biology, chemistry and physics.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a qualitative methodology with a content analysis approach. It uses seventeen semi-directed interviews.
Findings
The main perceived effect of open science is access to research inputs, with open access, open research data and code reuse as primary sources. Another issue is the increase of collaboration with other colleagues in terms of the ability to collaborate faster and encouraging the exchange of ideas. However, this benefit does not translate to the division of labor in large transnational teams. Time spent on tasks like cleaning up data and code, scooping and other ethical issues are unfavorable aspects noted.
Practical implications
Policymakers could use this study to enhance current open science policies in the countries.
Originality/value
This study analyzes the perspectives of basic sciences researchers from two countries about open science policies. The main conclusion is the fact that open science policies should focus on the research process itself – rather than research outputs – in order to effectively tackle inequalities in science.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-03-2023-0135
Details
Keywords
This paper aims to discuss the precise altitude and velocity tracking control of a hypersonic vehicle, a global adaptive neural backstepping controller was studied based on a…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the precise altitude and velocity tracking control of a hypersonic vehicle, a global adaptive neural backstepping controller was studied based on a disturbance observer (DOB).
Design/methodology/approach
The DOB combined with a radial basis function (RBF) neural network (NN) was used to estimate the disturbance terms that are generated by the flexible modes of the hypersonic vehicle system. A global adaptive neural method was introduced to approximate the unknown system dynamics, with robust control terms pulling the system transient states back into the neural approximation domain externally.
Findings
The globally uniformly ultimately bounded for all signals of a closed-loop system can be guaranteed by the proposed control algorithm. Additionally, the command filtered backstepping methods can avoid the explosion of the complexity problem caused by the backstepping design process. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed controller can be verified by the simulation used in this study.
Research limitations/implications
Normally lateral dynamics issue should be discussed in the process of control system designed, the lateral dynamics are not included in the nonlinear dynamic model of hypersonic vehicle used in this paper, merely the longitudinal flight dynamics are discussed in this paper.
Originality/value
The flexible states in rigid modes are considered as the disturbance of the system, which is estimated by structuring DOB with NN approximations. The compensating tracking error and prediction error are used in the update law of RBF NN weight. The differential explosions complexity derived from the backstepping procedure is dealt with by using command filters.
Details
Keywords
Rajkumar Gothandaraman and Sreekumar Muthuswamy
This paper aims to propose a system to acquire images automatically for digital reconstruction of heritage artifacts using a six-degree of freedom industrial manipulator.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to propose a system to acquire images automatically for digital reconstruction of heritage artifacts using a six-degree of freedom industrial manipulator.
Design/methodology/approach
A virtual environment is created using Robot Studio® software to integrate the trajectory and differential motion of the robot manipulator and the motion of camera while acquiring images. A new area similarity matrix method is proposed to reduce the number of images required for digital reconstruction using Autodesk Recap® software. Real-time experiments have been performed using objects such as minion, ultimaker robot and cube. Evaluation of the digital reconstruction is conducted using the contour area matching method.
Findings
The number of images required for reconstruction based on area similarity matrix method is reduced to 63 per cent when compared with the random selection method. Quality parameters such as surface area, volume, number of defect holes, vertices and faces are enhanced for the proposed method.
Research limitations/implications
Digital reconstruction of large-sized heritage artifacts cannot be performed in this setup. But this can be overcome by fixing the manipulator on a mobile platform or overhead crane. This paper does not discuss the reconstruction of partially damaged heritage artifacts, which could be accomplished based on deep learning techniques.
Practical implications
Using this approach, off-the-shelf heritage artifacts and large-scale objects can be reconstructed digitally with a minimum number of images and without compromising the quality of original models.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, area similarity-based approach in 3D digital reconstruction by coupling the kinematics of an industrial manipulator and camera is proposed for the first time. A fully automated digital reconstruction technology to preserve valuable heritage artifacts has been developed. It also highlights the space constraints of the industrial manipulator in digital reconstruction.
Details
Keywords
Thandiwe Bongani Radebe, Zhongjie Huan and Jeffrey Baloyi
South Africa is the highest consumer of commercial energy per capita in Africa, ranking 16th in the world for primary energy consumption. It is also ranked among the bottom 50 of…
Abstract
Purpose
South Africa is the highest consumer of commercial energy per capita in Africa, ranking 16th in the world for primary energy consumption. It is also ranked among the bottom 50 of the 150 countries regarding energy efficiency. The cold chain is a large contributor through refrigerated transport vehicles. To comply with the changing climate regulations, cryogenic and eutectic systems are systems with great potential for small distance refrigerated transport. The purpose of this paper is to introduce eutectic system to medium distance refrigerated transport.
Design/methodology/approach
This study presents the potential use of Eutectic plates inside a medium refrigerated transport vehicle, by numerically investigating the characteristics of phase change material eutectic plates applied at low-temperature ranges. A physical model and a mathematical model for three-dimensional transient natural flow were developed as proposed by Xiaofeng and Zhang. Using the governing equation of mass, momentum and energy conservation, three Eutectic plate configurations were modeled and simulated in ANSYS Fluent for 5 h.
Findings
A uniform heat transfer and airflow condition inside a refrigerated compartment were predicted using the Reynolds stress model. The configuration with eutectic plates placed at the top and side showed great potential for the system functioning in the South African climate.
Research limitations/implications
Medium refrigerated transport vehicle.
Originality/value
This configuration had a high-temperature distribution across the compartment and promoted high air circulations, showing that it could be ideal for medium refrigerated transport vehicles delivering perishable foodstuffs or non-food goods.
Details
Keywords
Gyanesh Govindarajan, K.A. Geetha, Santosh K. Patra and T.T. Sreekumar
This article attempts to highlight the defining role that community media engagements play during times of the pandemic. It is argued that the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic forced…
Abstract
Purpose
This article attempts to highlight the defining role that community media engagements play during times of the pandemic. It is argued that the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic forced community news media houses to reinvent their news reporting practices to cover issues pertaining to the marginalized and underprivileged sections of the society. It explores the role of community media in engaging and empowering the citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design/methodology/approach
Central to our study is the analysis of the news model of “Video Volunteers” (henceforth VV), an independent community-based online news platform based in India. To understand the level of citizen participation and engagement in the making and dissemination of news during the pandemic, the authors conducted 13 interviews with different stakeholders of VV, including founders and news audiences.
Findings
It seeks to reveal that when the mainstream media have failed to represent the issues of a local community, it is the independent media platforms like VV which function as a veritable source of information and sharing of knowledge. Most importantly, this paper emphasizes that the communicative model of independent community-based online platforms has been most successful in the coverage of the pandemic and the level of engagement with the citizenry.
Originality/value
The study contributes to the aspects of reciprocity and collaborative journalism in community news media and its potential impacts on news creation and dissemination.
Details
Keywords
Manjit Singh, Manju Mittal, Pooja Mehta and Himanshu Singla
The present study attempts to analyze if personal values, namely collectivism, materialism and environment attitude, have an impact on attitude to invest in socially responsible…
Abstract
Purpose
The present study attempts to analyze if personal values, namely collectivism, materialism and environment attitude, have an impact on attitude to invest in socially responsible investments (SRIs). Second, it examines the impact of attitude on SRI intention which may further be moderated by religiosity beliefs. Third, the moderated relation is further tested separately for two groups of gender.
Design/methodology/approach
The study uses cross-sectional data collected from 534 north Indian retail investors. PLS–SEM has been applied in this study using the latest version of SmartPLS (v. 3.2.9) software to examine the complex model of moderation analysis.
Findings
The results of PLS–SEM suggested that collectivism, materialism and environment attitude significantly influenced attitude which further led to SRI intention. The moderating role of religiosity was found to be significant on the attitude–intention relationship. Further, a significantly higher moderation of religiosity was found in females as compared to males.
Research limitations/implications
Besides collectivism, materialism and environmental attitude, there could be other facets of an investor's personality that were not considered in the study. The present research was conducted in India, and Hofstede (1980) calls Indian culture to be collectivistic in nature, where the influence of pro-social and environmental concern on SRI intention is bound to be high; thus, findings need to be tested further at the global level.
Practical implications
Companies and financial institutions can enlarge their investor base for socially responsible products by propagating tailor-made financial products that can keep the personal values of investors intact in addition to providing satisfactory financial returns. Female investors can be encouraged to invest in SRI by promulgating the aspects of morality and ethics in their marketing and promotion strategies; eventually, this will lead to an upsurge in the proportion of female investors in financial markets.
Originality/value
The present study contributes to the growing body of research in the area of sustainable investments. This research has contributed to building and testing a moderation analysis of attitude–intention relationship with respect to SRI by adding investor's religiosity beliefs and his/her gender as moderating variables to better comprehend the relationships under study.
Details
Keywords
Information communication technologies can serve as a crucial missing link toward tacking wicked problems of social welfare policy implementation through collaborative governance…
Abstract
Information communication technologies can serve as a crucial missing link toward tacking wicked problems of social welfare policy implementation through collaborative governance. Using a mixed methods approach, a pre- and postanalyses were used to investigate whether and how cell phones can increase awareness of pregnant women about different cash and service benefits of maternal health benefit policies of 82 pregnant women in a remote tribal community in Melghat forest of Maharashtra, India. Pregnant women received customized prerecorded bilingual audio calls on their mobile phones about maternal health benefit policies. The author then traced whether those audio messages increased the claiming of policy benefits and public engagement. The key contribution of this research is that contrary to the optimism about digital governance, findings suggest that cell phones are not a “silver bullet” for increasing receipt of maternal health benefits. This book chapter concludes with the prescription that the impact of mobile phones and other information technologies will be marginal as long as there are administrative deficiencies in policy implementation and a misalignment in state and federal policy designs.