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The purpose of this paper is to investigate and develop a full-cycle teak (Tectona grandis) under stand cropping system or PLDT for sustainable livelihoods of forest village community in Indonesia.

An experimental analysis was used, and the population consisted of units of land of the Community-based Forest Management (in Indonesian called Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Hutan berbasis Masyarakat – PHBM) cultivated by 67 farmers. Further, farmers, the board of Forest Village Community Institution (in Indonesian called Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan – LMDH), and forestry officials were also involved. The method employed was a survey approach using forest mapping result as the primary data. Secondary data were obtained from the LMDH and PHBM documents, measurement of physical conditions, model plots, and focus group discussion.

Findings reveal that replacing polycultural cropping system with sequential cropping one is useful in improving farmers’ income. It was proven that the products of polycultural cropping contribute only 61.23 percent of proper income. Meanwhile, through the right selection of species of shade-tolerant crops and sequential cropping the contribution can be increased to 85.28 percent: an increase of more than 24 percent. This shows that PLDT is reliable for implementation by using certain seasonal plants and cropping pattern. Next, this research limits itself to an area having teak forest, and its practical implication is to provide an alternative way for generating income and food availability.

This paper is original and has unique value because it discusses issues related to seasonal plantation grown under long-circle crops for a better living condition. The proposed plant is environment-friendly and could possibly be applied to areas having teak forests.

This study aims to analyse the existing literature on the utilisation of financial technology (FinTech) in the Islamic social finance (ISF) sector, focusing on tools, applications and benefits. From this study, it is to provide insights for literature or for practitioners on how FinTech can be used in ISF, such as using blockchain (tools) in waqf (application) that can help to enhance transparency and trust (benefits) with donors. It is important to explore new available tools or applications in ISF markets so that such effort can benefit the industry in promoting its growth.

A systematic literature review (SLR) was carried out using Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) which has been based on quality evaluation criteria, beginning with 41,945 entries in Scopus, 25,386 entries in the Web of Science and 1,590 entries in the Google Scholar databases and ending with 35 articles from data abstraction and analysis, all of which focus on tools, applications and benefits of FinTech in ISF sector.

This review yielded three primary themes and eleven sub-themes addressing FinTech, namely applications (four sub-themes: crowdfunding, blockchain, banking service and peer-to-peer (P2P), tools (three sub-themes: waqf, zakat and sadaqah), as well as benefits (four sub-themes: transparency, innovation, inclusiveness and efficiency).

This study emphasises on innovative application of FinTech used in ISF industry which focuses on applications, tools and benefits of FinTech to the industry. However, the findings indicate that there is plenty of room for future investigation. The current work outlines several methodological issues and concerns as well as provides recommendations for future research. Various challenges associated with FinTech applications include inadequate regulations, complex permit application procedures, misuse of FinTech for terrorist financing, the existence of fraudulent FinTech companies and consumer disputes in the FinTech sector concerning ISF. There are few in-depth studies on the possible use of FinTech models in ISF, compared to studies focusing on upcoming challenges. This study also highlights the methodological limitations in previous research efforts, which can be used to improve future studies in this area. To offer a more comprehensive analysis, additional search keywords and engines that have not been included in this study could be used in future investigations with different methodologies.

For practitioners, the paper has significant managerial consequences. The analysis provides insights into real-life opportunities, limits and solutions for improving performance management by looking at FinTech applications from a larger and more diverse perspective. The practitioners, especially the State Islamic Religious Council, can recognise the benefits of using FinTech technology in ISF (waqf, zakat and sadaqah), namely under their jurisdiction.

This systematic literature assessment identifies critical knowledge gaps that must be addressed such as the applications of FinTech that are still ambiguous, with certain applications not completely embraced in the ISF industry. This study uses SLR technique to categorise literature, identify gaps in current studies and provide recommendations for the research issue (Paul and Criado, 2020), instead of using the other previous methodology such as content analysis or qualitative review. Hence, FinTech is considered an innovative or new approach in ISF industry.

–The purpose of this paper is to determine strategies in controlling over the function of paddy field in Central Java.

Purposive sampling was employed by having 12 people interviewed. Analytical hierarchy process was used to determine a strategy related to policy control toward agricultural land conversion.

The results indicated priorities which are recommended to include in the policy toward the function of the land conversion in Central Java. They are: first, the application of laws that regulate land conversion mechanism; second, tightening or restricting and prohibiting rules for anyone who wants to change the function of agricultural land; and finally, zoning or clustering region based on urban spatial and land use.

This study suggests that the government is expected to invest directly for agriculture and plantation by avoiding the use of existing rice field.

It is also advisable for government to utilize the available unused land.

This paper captures factual condition of the decrease of the land use for agriculture which has been very critical issues in any agrarian countries. This is essential to know the core of the problem and possible solutions for similar case in other typical nations.