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This paper has two interrelated purposes. One is to provide an empirical overview of the developments of new mobile systems and services in Europe, Japan, and South Korea. The other is to examine the discussions regarding the possible explanations for the present lead that East Asia has in new mobile developments. The motivation for making a comparative analysis of mobile developments in Europe, Japan and South Korea is the fact that Japan and South Korea have taken the lead within mobile communications during the last few years, whereas Europe, and in particular the Nordic countries, was leading the way with GSM.

The five papers in this special issue have been selected from presentations held at the 2003 Mobility Roundtable, held at Stockholm. Looks at the inevitable merge of the tele‐centric and data‐centric world and mobile Internet and how they have enabled mobile access in both professional and personal lifestyles. Evaluates demand, supply and culture. Opines that with future developments hard to predict new actors from other sectors, such as hotels and restaurants could, by merging their interests, provide a seamless roaming service. Conclusions drawn are that conceptions of mobility in all lifestyles will be broadened to expect an environment of continuous usage.

This study uses the pleasure–arousal–dominance (PAD) theory to explore how users’ emotional engagement with ChatGPT drives their continued adoption of ChatGPT and word-of-mouth (WOM) behaviour in the context of travel-related service.

This study obtained reliable data from 428 Chinese respondents who used ChatGPT for travel-related purposes. Structural equation modelling was used to test a series of hypotheses based on the PAD framework.

This study identifies three key features of human–artificial intelligence (AI) interaction, namely, service ubiquity, entertainment and anthropomorphism, which significantly influence users’ emotional responses, including pleasure, arousal and dominance. Dominance and pleasure are found to enhance emotional experiences, driving continued adoption and positive WOM recommendations for ChatGPT, whereas arousal influences WOM but does not affect continued adoption. The results also confirm that users’ perceived pleasure from interacting with ChatGPT has the strongest effect. These findings advance theoretical understanding by clarifying the emotional mechanisms underlying human–AI interactions in the tourism context.

This study examines the emerging trend of tourists’ continuous adoption of ChatGPT for travel-related services. The results highlight how different emotions in human–AI interaction influence long-term use of AI-powered tool for travel-related services.

本研究基于愉悦-兴奋-支配（PAD）理论, 探讨在旅行相关服务中, 用户对 ChatGPT 的情感投入如何推动其持续使用该技术, 并激发口碑行为。

本研究基于428名使用过ChatGPT进行旅游相关服务的中国受访者所提供的可靠数据, 运用结构方程模型（SEM）, 结合PAD框架, 对一系列假设进行了验证。

本研究确定了用户与人工智能互动的三个关键特征：服务无处不在、娱乐性和拟人化, 这些特征对用户的情感反应（包括愉悦感、兴奋感和主导感）产生了显著影响。研究发现, 主导性和愉悦感增强了用户的情感体验, 推动了对ChatGPT的持续采用和积极的口碑推荐（WOM）, 而兴奋感仅影响口碑推荐, 但不影响持续采用。研究结果还证实, 用户在与ChatGPT互动中感知到的愉悦感具有最强的影响力。这些发现阐明了旅游业中人与人工智能互动的情感机制, 推动了相关理论的深入理解。

本研究探讨了游客持续采用ChatGPT进行旅游相关服务的这一新兴趋势。研究结果突显了在人机交互中, 不同情感如何影响游客对人工智能驱动工具在旅游服务中的长期使用。

Propósito: El estudio emplea la teoría del placer-despertar-dominio (PAD) para explorar cómo el compromiso emocional de los usuarios con ChatGPT impulsa su adopción continuada de ChatGPT y el comportamiento boca a boca en el contexto de un servicio relacionado con los viajes.

Este estudio recopiló datos fiables de 428 participantes chinos que utilizaron ChatGPT para fines relacionados con viajes. Se empleó el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales para evaluar una serie de hipótesis fundamentadas en el marco PAD.

Este estudio identifica tres características clave de la interacción entre humanos e IA: la ubicuidad del servicio, el entretenimiento y el antropomorfismo, que influyen significativamente en las respuestas emocionales de los usuarios, como el placer, la excitación y la dominación. La dominación y el placer mejoran las experiencias emocionales, impulsando la adopción continuada y las recomendaciones boca a boca positivas de ChatGPT, mientras que la excitación solo influye en las recomendaciones boca a boca, sin afectar la adopción continuada. Los resultados también confirman que el placer percibido por los usuarios al interactuar con ChatGPT es el factor con mayor impacto. Estos hallazgos contribuyen a la comprensión teórica al esclarecer los mecanismos emocionales que subyacen en las interacciones entre humanos e IA en el contexto del turismo.

Este estudio analiza la tendencia emergente de la adopción sostenida de ChatGPT por parte de los turistas en el ámbito de los servicios de viaje. Los resultados subrayan cómo las diversas emociones generadas en la interacción humano-IA inciden en el uso prolongado de herramientas basadas en IA para servicios turísticos.