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Publication date: 1 October 2000

Stanislaw Szmigielski and Elzbieta Sobiczewska

Low‐level microwave (MW) fields may under certain conditions of exposure cause measurable effects in biological organisms. Exposure of the general public to MWs in the environment…

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Abstract

Low‐level microwave (MW) fields may under certain conditions of exposure cause measurable effects in biological organisms. Exposure of the general public to MWs in the environment is generally below intensities which are considered as responsible for evoking bioeffects. Introduction of cellular phone (CP) systems has increased considerably MW exposure of CP users. Health consequences of long‐term use of CPs are not known in detail, but available data indicate that development of non‐specific health symptoms is possible, at least in “MW hypersensitive” subjects. In contrast to terminal CPs, transmitting antennas and base stations (BS) contribute to MW environmental contamination only with a small portion of the energy and do not pose any health risks. Health risks of CP use are underestimated and accepted, while risks of BS are generally overestimated by the public. Therefore, an improved risk communication as well as further studies of the risks are required.

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Environmental Management and Health, vol. 11 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0956-6163

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1996

Stanislaw Szmigielski

About 50 epidemiological reports about possible associations between cancer morbidity and exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) were published between 1979 and 1994. The…

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Abstract

About 50 epidemiological reports about possible associations between cancer morbidity and exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) were published between 1979 and 1994. The majority of them (60‐75 per cent) documented a slight (1.5 to twofold) but significant increase in the incidence of certain rare forms of neoplasms (leukaemia, lymphoma, brain tumours). A limited support for carcinogenic potencies of EMFs is provided from cellular studies, but the effects appear to be generally weak, transient and difficult to replicate. Concludes that the available evidence associating cancer and EMF exposure is too tenuous to be convincing but too consistent to be ignored. Further progress needs better quantification of exposure levels and conditions, evaluation of dose‐effect relationships and liability to confounding carcinogenic factors that may influence morbidity rates in the investigated populations.

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Environmental Management and Health, vol. 7 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0956-6163

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