Simon John Duffy and Pippa Murray
The purpose of this paper is to offer a hypothesis about the core elements of an effective transition process in a system of self-directed support and to suggest that the approach…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to offer a hypothesis about the core elements of an effective transition process in a system of self-directed support and to suggest that the approach to integration in public services may need to radically change.
Design/methodology/approach
This a reflective piece, drawing on decades of practical work by the authors, combined with an understanding of the literature and the social policy context.
Findings
Typical solutions to the problem of transition focus on system change instead of ensuring that power and control shifts to families and young people. A change in starting point opens up more empowering and practical solutions for the real world.
Originality/value
This paper goes deeper than others on the same subject by moving beyond the outcomes and issues, to suggest some lessons for social policy makers, professionals and citizens.
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The paper's aim is to explain the development of the concept of personalisation and its dependence upon prior innovations such as independent living, person‐centred planning and…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper's aim is to explain the development of the concept of personalisation and its dependence upon prior innovations such as independent living, person‐centred planning and individual budgets and explore its meaning, limitations and future prospects.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper takes the form of an analytical and historical review of ideas that have been important in the recent history of public policy for people with learning disabilities.
Findings
People with learning disabilities, along with other disabled people, have been engaged in a struggle to achieve full citizenship. The recent reforms that go by the name of “personalisation” may mark an important stage in the development of a fairer system, but on their own they will be insufficient to achieve that objective.
Originality/value
Personalisation is placed, with all its strengths and limitations, within the wider context of the development of policies for people with learning disabilities.
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Kristen Bell De Tienne and G. Stoney Alder
Employee evaluation and monitoring have been common in America since colonial times. With industrialization, employers have implemented increasingly creative ways to monitor…
Abstract
Employee evaluation and monitoring have been common in America since colonial times. With industrialization, employers have implemented increasingly creative ways to monitor employees. For example, in the early part of this century, Ford Motor Company employed investigators to enter employees' homes to verify that employees were not overly drinking and that their homes were clean
All societies in the modern world are troubled by crime, and the general public is equally fascinated by criminals and fearful of criminal behaviour. In the United Kingdom, events…
Abstract
All societies in the modern world are troubled by crime, and the general public is equally fascinated by criminals and fearful of criminal behaviour. In the United Kingdom, events such as the murders of Jack the Ripper, the Yorkshire Ripper and Harold Shipman, and the Soham tragedy, coupled with film and television programmes including Silence of the Lambs, Cracker and Crime Scene Investigation, have fuelled the public's consciousness of the criminal mind.In the fight against crime, the development of offender profiling by the FBI in the USA has further captured people's imagination. The technique was introduced to help law enforcement agencies solve serious crimes such as serial rape or murder, and to a lesser extent arson and property crime. At the heart of profiling lies the belief that by combining psychological principles with crime scene analysis, it is possible to identify the likely characteristics of a perpetrator.Although advances in crime detection are welcomed, the profiling field appears riddled with contradiction and disagreement. Social scientists argue that the discipline is unscientific due to methodologically weak research, while police officers appear sceptical about its benefits for solving crime. In Britain, profiling has witnessed both notable successes, for example Canter's profile of the serial rapist and murderer John Duffy, and dramatic failures, such as the Colin Stagg profile in the Rachel Nickell inquiry. This article reviews the offender profiling literature, examines its applicability in the legal system and identifies areas for future research.
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Tiziana Assenza, Te Bao, Cars Hommes and Domenico Massaro
Expectations play a crucial role in finance, macroeconomics, monetary economics, and fiscal policy. In the last decade a rapidly increasing number of laboratory experiments have…
Abstract
Expectations play a crucial role in finance, macroeconomics, monetary economics, and fiscal policy. In the last decade a rapidly increasing number of laboratory experiments have been performed to study individual expectation formation, the interactions of individual forecasting rules, and the aggregate macro behavior they co-create. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive literature survey on laboratory experiments on expectations in macroeconomics and finance. In particular, we discuss the extent to which expectations are rational or may be described by simple forecasting heuristics, at the individual as well as the aggregate level.
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Brian R. Duffy, Gregory M.P. O'Hare, John F. Bradley, Alan N. Martin and Bianca Schoen
In investing energy in developing reasoning machines of the future, one must abstract away from the specific solutions to specific problems and ask what are the fundamental…
Abstract
Purpose
In investing energy in developing reasoning machines of the future, one must abstract away from the specific solutions to specific problems and ask what are the fundamental research questions that should be addressed. This paper aims to revisit some fundamental perspectives and promote new approaches to reasoning machines and their associated form and function.
Design/methodology/approach
Core aspects are discussed, namely the one‐mind‐many‐bodies metaphor as introduced in the agent Chameleon work. Within this metaphor the agent's embodiment form may take many guises with the artificial mind or agent potentially exhibiting a nomadic existence opportunistically migrating between a myriad of instantiated embodiments. The paper animates these concepts with reference to two case studies.
Findings
The two case studies illustrate how a machine can have fundamentally different capabilities than a human which allows us to exploit, rather than be constrained, by these important differences.
Originality/value
Aids in understanding some of the fundamental research questions of reasoning machines that should be addressed.
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Camille Cornand and Frank Heinemann
In this article, we survey experiments that are directly related to monetary policy and central banking. We argue that experiments can also be used as a tool for central bankers…
Abstract
In this article, we survey experiments that are directly related to monetary policy and central banking. We argue that experiments can also be used as a tool for central bankers for bench testing policy measures or rules. We distinguish experiments that analyze the reasons for non-neutrality of monetary policy, experiments in which subjects play the role of central bankers, experiments that analyze the role of central bank communication and its implications, experiments on the optimal implementation of monetary policy, and experiments relevant for monetary policy responses to financial crises. Finally, we mention open issues and raise new avenues for future research.