In this short paper I shall very briefly discuss the basic theories of Transactional Analysis. First we must have an understanding of what transactional analysis, or TA as it is…
Abstract
In this short paper I shall very briefly discuss the basic theories of Transactional Analysis. First we must have an understanding of what transactional analysis, or TA as it is familiarly called, is about. It is not, for our purposes, primarily a clinical psychology; although it is being used for a great deal of sociological work, and has developed into extensive clinical practice as well. TA was initiated by Dr Eric Berne during the early 1950s; he was interested in identifying states of mind, and originally postulated the human mind being divided into three distinct moods — or, as he called them, Ego States. He called these the Parent, the Adult, and the Child.
Western Australia was the first portion of the Australian continent to be ‘discovered’ — it was also the last to be opened for settlement. The early Dutch navigators of the East…
Abstract
Western Australia was the first portion of the Australian continent to be ‘discovered’ — it was also the last to be opened for settlement. The early Dutch navigators of the East India Company, blown off their course by the gales that periodically sweep across the Indian Ocean, were the first known Europeans to touch the western shores of that continent, and the first settlement was founded in 1826. Western Australia's first railway was built in 1871 and was a privately‐owned timber line. Today the system operated is approximately 3 800 miles, partly on standard gauge railway and partly on narrow gauge. The former is modern and up‐to‐date whilst the narrow gauge is both expensive to maintain as well as to operate. Less than 1 000 miles of the entire system is on the standard gauge — this section however does carry over 50 per cent of the entire traffic. It can be said that the most useful car in Australia is the railway freight car for upon it is based the whole national marketing system and in it is carried virtually everything the Australians eat, wear and use. The Western Australian Government Railway (WAGR) Department employs a large number of professional men, technicians and unskilled labour, as well as providing work for thousands more in the supply of materials in every shape and form — and upon the Department to some extent has depended the development of the State. The railway system is divided into six districts namely — Metropolitan, Central, Eastern, Southern, South Western and Northern. Each is administered by district officers. In the districts there will usually be at least three senior officers of the operating branches, and this duplicates the management at district level and indeed at head office level. As in our own railway system, one finds that this hierarchy contributes very largely to the inefficiencies of the operation.
Lyndon Jones and Ken Cropper paid a successful visit to Hong Kong in November 1983. Among the educational centres visited were:
With this theme, the thirteenth Conference of the International Federation of Training & Development Organisations was held in Sydney, Australia in August. ABE was privileged to…
Abstract
With this theme, the thirteenth Conference of the International Federation of Training & Development Organisations was held in Sydney, Australia in August. ABE was privileged to have three representatives there: Lyndon Jones (Chairman), Dr. Alec Martin (Education Consultant), Denys Page (Council Member and regular contributor to Education & Training).
California's Proposition 13 and Proposition 2½ in Massachusetts were warning signs to libraries that a new era of competition for public funds had begun. Since then, fiscal…
Abstract
California's Proposition 13 and Proposition 2½ in Massachusetts were warning signs to libraries that a new era of competition for public funds had begun. Since then, fiscal support of public libraries has been steadily declining; even the strength of urban libraries, which have generally gained the greatest support in the past, is being sapped by the major problem facing their host cities—an eroding tax base as first people and then businesses leave for the suburbs.
One of the most striking phenomena in the literature of bibliography is the absence of a comprehensive critical history of the encyclopaedia. Helpful summaries with supporting…
Abstract
One of the most striking phenomena in the literature of bibliography is the absence of a comprehensive critical history of the encyclopaedia. Helpful summaries with supporting references can be found, as might be expected, in the 9th, 11th and 14th editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica and in Enciclopedia Italiana. Certain encyclopedic works have been treated perceptively in studies focussed on other subjects, such as Thorndike's classic History of Magic and Experimental Science. And for a few particular titles, notably the Encyclopédic of eighteenth‐century France, there is a rather substantial body of published discussion. Occasionally the monographic contributions reach the heights of critical acumen displayed in Hans Aarsleff's essay, “The Early History of the Oxford English Dictionary,” in the Bulletin of the New York Public Library September, 1962 (66: 417–439). But that is not characteristic.
BY one of those strange coincidences that really happen occasionally there appears in two different places and by two different writers in the current issue of State Service (the…
Abstract
BY one of those strange coincidences that really happen occasionally there appears in two different places and by two different writers in the current issue of State Service (the official journal of the Institution of Professional Civil Servants) almost the same wording, certainly the same line of reasoning. Says the General Secretary William McCall, “The size of the Civil Service depends on the work that Parliament and the Government asks it to do.” Elsewhere (and to be fair, his article is a reprint of views he published else‐where and some time before the other) Press Officer Jimmy O'Dea is quoted: “… the number of civil servants is directly determined by the amount of work Parliament decrees must be done…”
The colleges of education have been transformed, some of them out of all recognition, if numbers alone are indicative. Ten years ago only three training colleges in England and…
Abstract
The colleges of education have been transformed, some of them out of all recognition, if numbers alone are indicative. Ten years ago only three training colleges in England and Wales had over 500 students. Now, out of a total of 161, about 14 have upward of 1000 and we are rapidly reaching a situation in which 750 places will be a minimum for respectable survival. The small, residential establishments for 100–200 students of the pre‐Robbins/Crosland era, have been thrown bang into the sixties, with responsibilities that would be condusive to schizophrenia in the most stable institutions. For not only do they have to cope with large numbers of restless students, many beyond permanent supervision off‐campus, and mix men with their women. They must also develop a totally different role in the education system.
In the Annual Report of the General Purposes Committee of the Middlesex County Council for the year ending March 31, 1909, it is stated that inquiries were made as to the action…
Abstract
In the Annual Report of the General Purposes Committee of the Middlesex County Council for the year ending March 31, 1909, it is stated that inquiries were made as to the action taken under the Dairies, Cowsheds, and Milkshops Orders of 1885 and 1899 by the thirty‐six district councils in the county, the object of such action being the detection of cows suffering from tuberculosis of the udder. It might be thought that by this time the necessity for putting these orders into force had been thoroughly proved. The Royal Commission on Tuberculosis made a definite statement to the effect that milk derived from tuberculous cattle is one of the principal causes of tubercular disease in the human subject, and, apparently there seems to be some disposition on the part of local authorities to make tuberculosis notifiable. The Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1908, which came into force at the beginning of 1909, require that all cases of pulmonary tuberculosis are to be notified to the sanitary authority if the patients are receiving treatment from the Poor Law medical officers. Large sums are spent every year throughout the country on the upkeep of sanatoria with the object of curing cases of tubercle, if possible, but, in any case, of alleviating the sufferings of those afflicted with tuberculosis. On all sides, in fact, it is now recognised that the most energetic measures are necessary in order to combat this terrible disease. It appears from the figures given in the Report referred to that in twenty‐three out of the thirty‐six districts. “No veterinary examinations of cows were made on behalf of the local authorities!” The statement is not made the subject of comment, but we hardly think that the county authorities can regard the results of their enquiry as satisfactory. The Report was apparently presented to the County Council on July 22 last, so that up to that time, at least, it would seem that these twenty‐three districts, in a county with about one million inhabitants, are governed, so far as sanitary matters go, by people who consider themselves qualified to hold opinions diametrically opposed to those held by experts and based on the best scientific evidence at present available.