Yuhan Li, Qun Luo, Shiyu Zhao, Wenyan Qi, Zhong Huang and Guiming Mei
The purpose of this paper is to study the aerodynamic characteristics and uplift force tendencies of pantographs within the operational height span of 1,600–2,980 mm, aiming to…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the aerodynamic characteristics and uplift force tendencies of pantographs within the operational height span of 1,600–2,980 mm, aiming to offer valuable insights for research concerning the adaptability of pantograph-catenary systems on double-stack high container transportation lines.
Design/methodology/approach
Eight pantograph models were formulated based on lines with the contact wire of 6,680 mm in height. The aerodynamic calculations were carried out using the SST k-ω separated vortex model. A more improved aerodynamic uplift force method was also presented. The change rule of the aerodynamic uplift force under different working heights of the pantograph was analyzed according to the transfer coefficients of the aerodynamic forces and moments.
Findings
The results show that the absolute values of the aerodynamic forces and moments of the upper and lower frame increase with the working height, whereas those of the collector head do not change. The absolute values of the transfer coefficients of the lower frame and link arm were significantly larger than those of the upper frame. Therefore, the absolute value of the aerodynamic uplift force increased and then decreased with the working height. The maximum value occurred at a working height of 2,400 mm.
Originality/value
A new method for calculating the aerodynamic uplift force of pantographs is proposed. The specifical change rule of the aerodynamic uplift force of the pantograph on double-stack high container transportation lines was determined from the perspective of the transfer coefficients of the aerodynamic forces and moments.
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Junguang Gao, Hui He, Donghui Teng, Xinming Wan and Shiyu Zhao
Because of the complexity of technological innovation and the dynamics of the technological environment, it is impossible for a single firm to have all knowledge needed for…
Abstract
Purpose
Because of the complexity of technological innovation and the dynamics of the technological environment, it is impossible for a single firm to have all knowledge needed for technological innovation, making it essential for firms to conduct cross-border knowledge search and integration. However, it is very difficult for firms to acquire and assimilate cross-border knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to explore how an open innovation platform (OIP) helps firms to effectively search and integrate cross-border knowledge, and to understand the key roles that OIP plays during the cross-border knowledge search and integration processes.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper takes the case analysis method, which provides a comprehensively understanding on the complex process of cross-border knowledge search and integration as well as the internal mechanism. Drawing on the research paradigm of Eisenhardt (1989), Bakker and Akkerman (2014), this paper analyzes and verifies the mechanism of OIP cross-border knowledge search and integration based on extensive interviews.
Findings
First, this paper analyzes the process of cross-border knowledge search and integration through Haier open partnership ecosystem (HOPE), which is theoretically divided into three stages, including motivation formation, cross-border knowledge search and integration. These three stages have been further decomposed into the following seven steps: demands discovery, problems definition, problems decomposition, resource search, resource evaluation, technology redevelopment and test. In addition, this study investigates the manifestation of interrelationships among these stages and steps, depicting the pathways through which HOPE facilitates the firm’s cross-border knowledge search and integration. The conclusions indicate that OIP timely discovers the consumer demands during the motivation formation stage, effectively decomposes problems and find related technology resources during the search stage and improves the efficacy of integration stage.
Research limitations/implications
This study reveals the mechanism of OIP cross-border knowledge search and integration and draws some valuable conclusions, which contribute to the literature on cross-border knowledge search, enrich the research on problem-solving and also propose a new perspective to study the roles of OIP on innovation. However, there are still some limitations. First, this study is built on a single platform (HOPE), further studies may focus on more platforms to ensure the conclusions of this paper. Second, this study conducts data analysis using a simple encoding analysis, so it is possible that some critical information is emitted while collating and analyzing data. Meanwhile, for the research methods, qualitative and quantitative methods can be combined to analyze related issues, then the correlation and corresponding mechanism can be incorporated into the same framework to further verify the conclusions and generalize the results.
Practical implications
This paper theoretically analyzes how and why HOPE helps firms search and integrate cross-border knowledge. It provides not only a reference for OIP but also a proven and effective way for companies’ acquiring and integrating cross-border knowledge. Then it will further improve firms’ innovative abilities, especially disruptive innovation abilities.
Social implications
Technological innovation, especially disruptive innovation is not only a driving force of firms’ sustainable development but also a vital driver of national development. This paper clarified that OIP can help firms conduct successful disruptive innovation through cross-border knowledge search and integration, which will further increase national innovative competence and improve social welfare.
Originality/value
This paper extends the literature on the process of cross-border knowledge search and integration, as well as the roles of OIP. From a managerial standpoint, the conclusions have practical implications for firms to successfully acquire and integrate cross-border knowledge.
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Ned Kock, Mohamed Yacine Haddoud, Adah-Kole Onjewu and Shiyu Yang
This inquiry extends the discourse on job satisfaction and employee referral. It aims to examine the moderating effects of perceived business outlook and CEO approval in the…
Abstract
Purpose
This inquiry extends the discourse on job satisfaction and employee referral. It aims to examine the moderating effects of perceived business outlook and CEO approval in the dynamics of job satisfaction and employee referral. A model predicting job satisfaction and employee referral through the lens of Herzberg’s two-factor theory is developed and tested.
Design/methodology/approach
To remedy the overreliance on self-reported surveys, impeding generalization and representativeness, this study uses large evidence from 14,840 voluntary disclosures of US employees. A structural equation modeling technique is adopted to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The inherent robust path analysis revealed intriguing findings highlighting culture and values as exerting the most substantial positive impact on job satisfaction, while diversity and inclusion played a relatively trivial role. Moreover, employees’ view of the firms’ outlook and their approval of the incumbent CEO were found to strengthen the job satisfaction–referral nexus.
Originality/value
The study revisits the relationship between job satisfaction and employee referral by capturing the moderating effects of perceived business outlook and CEO approval. We believe that this investigation is one of the first to capture the impact of these two pivotal factors.
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Shiyu Wan, Yisheng Liu, Grace Ding, Goran Runeson and Michael Er
This article aims to establish a dynamic Energy Performance Contract (EPC) risk allocation model for commercial buildings based on the theory of Incomplete Contract. The purpose…
Abstract
Purpose
This article aims to establish a dynamic Energy Performance Contract (EPC) risk allocation model for commercial buildings based on the theory of Incomplete Contract. The purpose is to fill the policy vacuum and allow stakeholders to manage risks in energy conservation management by EPCs to better adapt to climate change in the building sector.
Design/methodology/approach
The article chooses a qualitative research approach to depict the whole risk allocation picture of EPC projects and establish a dynamic EPC risk allocation model for commercial buildings in China. It starts with a comprehensive literature review on risks of EPCs. By modifying the theory of Incomplete Contract and adopting the so-called bow-tie model, a theoretical EPC risk allocation model is developed and verified by interview results. By discussing its application in the commercial building sector in China, an operational EPC three-stage risk allocation model is developed.
Findings
This study points out the contract incompleteness of the risk allocation for EPC projects and offered an operational method to guide practice. The reasonable risk allocation between building owners and Energy Service Companies can realize their bilateral targets on commercial building energy-saving benefits, which makes EPC more attractive for energy conservation.
Originality/value
Existing research focused mainly on static risk allocation. Less research was directed to the phased and dynamic risk allocation. This study developed a theoretical three-stage EPC risk allocation model, which provided the theoretical support for dynamic EPC risk allocation of EPC projects. By addressing the contract incompleteness of the risk allocation, an operational method is developed. This is a new approach to allocate risks for EPC projects in a dynamic and staged way.
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Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the impact of digital supply chain capability (DSCC) on the supply chain financing performance (SCFP) of Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The mediating role of information sharing (IS) and the moderating role of environmental uncertainty (EU) were also investigated.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on information processing theory (IPT), this paper constructs a theoretical model to investigate the impact of DSCC on SCFP in 276 Chinese SMEs using ordinary least regression to test hypotheses.
Findings
The results show that both digital supply chain sensing capability (DSC) and digital supply chain responding capability (DRC) have positive effects on SCFP. IS plays a mediating role in the relationship between DSC and SCFP, while the EU strengthens the relationship between DRC and IS.
Originality/value
First, this study takes a capability perspective to explore the impact of DSCC on SCFP, which extends the related studies taking a technology perspective. Second, the inner mechanism between DSCC and SCFP is revealed by introducing IS as a mediator. Third, boundary conditions for the DSCC–IS link are clarified by considering EU as a source of information processing requirements.
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Xiyue Zheng, Fusheng Wang, Shiyu Liu, Han Wang and Dongchao Zhang
This paper aims to conduct an analysis of the influence of both the breadth and depth of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) undertaken by Chinese high-tech listed companies…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to conduct an analysis of the influence of both the breadth and depth of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) undertaken by Chinese high-tech listed companies during the period spanning 2010–2019. The data pertaining to these companies was used as a research sample to analyze the effects of OFDI on radical innovation performance.
Design/methodology/approach
Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the proposed models, using survey data collected from 442 high-tech companies in China.
Findings
The findings of this study indicate a curvilinear (i.e. U-shaped) relationship between the breadth/depth of OFDI and radical innovation performance. Additional analysis reveals that OFDI plays a role in facilitating innovation breakthroughs by enhancing the internal dynamic capabilities of companies. Moreover, it is observed that a well-established institutional environment in the host country of investment can positively moderate the relationship between OFDI breadth/depth and radical innovation performance.
Originality/value
This study proffers a significant contribution to the understanding of the crucial role played by OFDI from emerging economy companies in enhancing radical innovation performance. Moreover, it offers theoretical guidance for multinational companies aiming to foster innovation breakthroughs.
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Nan Gao, Shiyu Wang and Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Bajwa
Gear transmissions are widely utilized in practice. This paper aims to uncouple the crack feature from the cracked time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) and investigate the effects…
Abstract
Purpose
Gear transmissions are widely utilized in practice. This paper aims to uncouple the crack feature from the cracked time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) and investigate the effects of the crack on the nonlinear dynamics of a spur gear pair.
Design/methodology/approach
An approximate method to simulate the cracked TVMS is proposed by using an amplitude modulation function. The ratio of mesh stiffness loss is introduced to estimate the TVMS with different crack depths and angles. The dynamic responses are obtained by solving a torsional model which takes the non-loaded static transmission error, the backlash and the cracked TVMS into account. By using the bifurcation diagram, the largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) and dynamic mesh force, the influences of crack on nonlinear behaviors are examined. The dynamic characteristics are identified from the phase diagram, Poincaré map, dynamic mesh force, time series and FFT spectra.
Findings
The comparison between the healthy and cracked gear pairs indicates that the crack affects the system motions, such as the obvious changes of impact force and unpredictable instability. Besides, the additive and difference combination frequencies can be found in periodic-1 and -2 motions, but they are covered in periodic-3 and chaotic motions. Deeper crack is an important determinant of the nonlinear behaviors at a higher speed.
Originality/value
The research provides an interesting perspective on cracked TVMS and reveals the connection between crack and nonlinear behaviors of the gear pairs.
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Liyun Li, Yu Zhang, Shiyu Xia, Zhefei Sun, Junjie Yuan, Dongchuan Su, Hunjun Cao, Xiaoming Chai, Qingtian Wang, Jintang Li and Zhihao Zhang
This study aims to develop a facile ligand-exchange strategy to promote nano-sintering of oleylamine (OAM)-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). By using ligand exchange process…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to develop a facile ligand-exchange strategy to promote nano-sintering of oleylamine (OAM)-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). By using ligand exchange process with NH4OH to remove OAM from the surface of AgNP, this study reports effectively reducing the sintering temperature of AgNPs to achieve low-temperature nano-sintering. Compared with untreated AgNPs of OAM-capped, NH4OH-treated AgNPs possess superior sintering performance that could be applied to a fractional generator device as conductor and in favour of the fabrication of flexible circuit modules.
Design/methodology/approach
First, oleylamine is used as reductant to synthesize monodisperse AgNPs by a simple one-step method. Then ligand exchange is used with NH4OH at different treating times to remove OAM, and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle test are applied to clear the mechanism and structure characteristics of these processes. Finally, NH4OH-treated AgNPs sediment sintering is used at different temperatures to test electrical resistivity and use ex situ scanning electron microscopy combined with in situ X-ray diffraction to study changes in microstructure in the whole nano-sintering process.
Findings
The AgNPs are always capped by organic ligands to prevent nanoparticles agglomeration. And oleylamine used as reductant could synthesize desirable size distributions of 8–32 nm with monodisperse globular shapes, but the low-temperature nano-sintering seemed not to be achieved by the oleylamine-capped AgNPs because OAM is an organic with long C-chain. The ligand exchange approach was enabled to replace the original organic ligands capped on AgNPs with organic ligands of low thermal stability which could promote nano-sintering. After ligand exchange treated AgNPs could be sintered on photo paper, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyethylene terephthalate flexible substrates at low temperature.
Originality/value
In this research, the method ligand exchange is used to change the ligand of AgNPs. During ligand exchange, NH4OH was used to treat AgNPs. Through the treatment of NH4OH, the change of hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of AgNPs was successfully realized. The sintering temperature of AgNPs can also be reduced and the properties can be improved. Finally, the applicability of the AgNPs sediment with this nano-sintering process at low temperature for obtaining conductive patterns was evaluated using PDMS as substrates.
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Ying Zhang, Shiyu Rong, Elizabeth Dunlop, Rong Jiang, Zhenyong Zhang and Jun Qing Tang
The purpose of this paper is to explore the longitudinal influence of gender, age, education level, organizational tenure and emotional intelligence on three dimensions of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the longitudinal influence of gender, age, education level, organizational tenure and emotional intelligence on three dimensions of knowledge hiding over time.
Design/methodology/approach
A longitudinal study using two-wave data sets of 390 employees in Chinese enterprises was conducted to build fixed, continuous and interacting models for investigating the effects of individual differences on the processes of knowledge hiding over time.
Findings
This research uncovered the changing relationships of individual differences on knowledge-hiding behaviors over time, such that age correlates with rationalized hiding in the interacting model, indicating younger employees are less likely to choose rationalized hiding when facing situation changes; and education level, organizational tenure and emotional intelligence moderate knowledge hiding over time, implying individuals with better education, longer tenure and higher emotional intelligence tend to exhibit more rationalized hiding behaviors rather than evasive hiding and playing dumb behaviors at Time 2.
Originality/value
One of the novel contributions of this study is that it tests the longitudinal effect of individual differences on knowledge hiding, providing a vertical perspective, and thereby contributing to the body of knowledge in knowledge management. The study also constructs fixed, continuous and interacting models to measure the covering longitudinal influences, thus making the research original.
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Guannan Liu, Liqun Wang, Hongming Wang, Long Huang, Hao Peng and Shiyu Feng
This study aims to seek a new economic and environmental protection fuel tank inerting method.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to seek a new economic and environmental protection fuel tank inerting method.
Design/methodology/approach
The principle that serves as the basis for the cooling inerting process is described, the workflow of the cooling inerting system is designed, the mathematical model of the cooling inerting system is established, and the important performance changes of cooling inerting in the flight package line and the influence of key parameters on it are simulated by using Modelica software.
Findings
The results show that the cooling inerting system can be turned on to quickly reduce the vapour concentration in the gas phase in the fuel space and reduce the temperature below the flammability limit. Within a certain range of pumping flow, the inerting effect is more obvious when the pumping flow is larger. Simply running the cooling inerting system on the ground can remain the tank in an inert state throughout the flight envelope.
Research limitations/implications
However, cooling inerting is suitable for models with fewer internal heat sources. An excessive number of internal heat sources will lead to inerting failure.
Originality/value
This study provides theoretical support for the feasibility of cooling inerting. Cooling inerting does not require engine air, and the cooling is mainly accomplished with air, which places a small load on the cooling system and has a much lower cost than the airborne hollow fibre film inerting technology widely used at present. It is a promising new inerting technology.