Qin Sheng, Shekhar Guha and Leonel Gonzalez
The purpose of this paper is to develop highly efficient decomposition finite difference methods for computing solutions of highly oscillatory beam propagation partial…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop highly efficient decomposition finite difference methods for computing solutions of highly oscillatory beam propagation partial differential equations.
Design/methodology/approach
Highly oscillatory optical wave equations, such as the multidimensional paraxial Helmholtz equation, have been used extensively in modelling propagation of the light from lens to the focal region in various engineering applications. Numerical approximations of solutions of such equations contain crucial light information in focal regions even when the f-number is small. However, it has been difficult to acquire highly oscillatory numerical solutions efficiently. This paper proposes two correlated eikonal decomposition strategies for fast computations of the oscillatory solutions. Structures of the numerical methods are designed via an eikonal, or exponential, transformation. The approach converts successfully the oscillatory problems to non-oscillatory subproblems. Therefore, the underlying beam simulation equations can be solved readily with great accuracy and stability.
Findings
It is found that the two correlated eikonal transformation based decomposition methods effectively remove the highly oscillatory features of the wave equations. The coupled non-oscillatory subproblems resulted are easier to solve. Discretization steps in computations can be chosen to be relatively large and this ensures the efficiency of computations. The decomposed finite difference schemes are simple to use in different optical applications.
Practical implications
The computational approach provides a valuable tool to practical applications, such as those in the defence industry.
Originality/value
Although the eikonal transformation has been used in the theory of nonlinear optics, this is the first time it has been utilized for effective engineering computations.
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Arjita Singh and Tanya Chouhan
Purpose: In recent times, ‘artificial intelligence (AI)’ has been pervasive even in organisations or at home. AI is defined as programming computers or other technological devices…
Abstract
Purpose: In recent times, ‘artificial intelligence (AI)’ has been pervasive even in organisations or at home. AI is defined as programming computers or other technological devices to act, react, respond, or assist the same way humans do. AI has undeniably made people’s lives easier. In organisations, the impact of AI is even more visible. The main aim of this chapter is to examine the significant role of future work skill’s (FWS) each component in the field of on-growing automation. The focus will be especially on emotional and social intelligence (ESI) (a key component of FWS) while adopting AI.
Need of the Study: In terms of human resource management (HRM), AI is useful for people management, payroll services, staff monitoring and improving the recruiting network, among other things. Even managers put their organisation’s job openings on the web and get applicant resumes electronically. People and employees in the organisation have become more advanced and innovative due to AI. A device obtains employee attendance, and human resource (HR) can track their employees and their organisation’s workforce data. HR has now been awarded more authority to manage and fix their employee’s problems because of AI. In a rapidly changing world, AI is affecting all aspects. AI is yearning to automate all of the jobs.
Methodology: Now a question arises how we can stay relevant in AI economic development? As humans, we learned that every issue is a problem of optimisation because we simply require human skills to develop, create and innovate new things. Therefore, researchers recognised that adopting sustainable growth skills encourages people to continue learning throughout their lives. Moreover, AI has enabled machines the ability to learn over time. Still, they will never be able to develop new ideas like human intelligence. A machine can use only one fixed data algorithm. Now humans have made significant progress in various fields with the help of FWS; without integrated computer sciences, brain science would not make such an outstanding achievement. On the other hand, human minds are masters of their intelligence, such as creativity, complex problem-solving, cognitive thinking, ESI and communication. Breakthrough human mind are masters of algorithms represented people have to understand new trends of technology around us, and the best way to move forward is to be aware, adapt and update skills.
Practical Implications: However, AI is required because, regardless of technological advancements, AI is leading Industry 4.0. The industry’s transformation is in 4.0, and hopefully, 5.0 will jump on board soon. Undoubtedly, AI should streamline the process and eliminate redundancy or administrative tasks.
Finding: AI can be more effective in organisations if they incorporate other FWS, particularly the soft human ESI skills, whereas AI is present everywhere, we can still not neglect FWS, especially ESI. So, this chapter highlights the important role of soft skills, that is, ESI and FWS, while adapting AI for an effective HRM.
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Sudip Datta, Trang Doan, Abhijit Guha, Mai Iskandar-Datta and Min-Jeong Kwon
This paper examines how “strategic” chief financial officers (CFOs) with an elite MBA (i.e. elite CFOs) influence (1) stock market reaction to CFO hiring announcements (ex ante…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines how “strategic” chief financial officers (CFOs) with an elite MBA (i.e. elite CFOs) influence (1) stock market reaction to CFO hiring announcements (ex ante measure) and (2) post-hiring firm performance (ex-post measure).
Design/methodology/approach
This paper utilizes a comprehensive, proprietary database with information about the educational qualifications and prior professional experience of 1,340 CFOs hired during the period 1994–2014. For each CFO, the authors hand-collected data on the CFO's prior experience as well as CFO's educational profile. The authors also identified the date of CFO hiring from financial press articles. To evaluate performance, the authors consider two different, yet complementary performance measures: (1) the stock market reaction, a priori measure and (2) a traditional measure of performance, which is a post-facto metric related to firm performance.
Findings
The results show that hiring CFOs with scarce and strategic human capital elicits a positive market response and leads to significant improvement in firm performance. Further, firms with greater managerial discretion benefit more from hiring elite CFOs. The results hold after controlling for chief executive officer (CEO), CFO, top managment team (TMT), and board characteristics.
Originality/value
This study shows converging and mutually consistent results about what specific types of CFO human capital create firm value and, more importantly, show that such value-creation is only in the case of small firms and high growth firms. The study also advances the stream of literature that contrasts the relative benefits of specialist versus generalist qualifications.
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Shekhar Saroj, Rajesh Kumar Shastri, Priyanka Singh, Mano Ashish Tripathi, Sanjukta Dutta and Akriti Chaubey
Human capital is a portfolio of rich skills that the labour possesses. Human capital has attracted significant attention from scholars. Nevertheless, empirical findings on the…
Abstract
Purpose
Human capital is a portfolio of rich skills that the labour possesses. Human capital has attracted significant attention from scholars. Nevertheless, empirical findings on the utility of human capital have often been divided. To address the research gap in the literature, the authors attempt to understand how human capital plays a significant role in financial development and economic growth nexus.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors rely on secondary data published by the World Bank. The authors use econometric tools such as the autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) model and related statistical tests to study the relationship between human capital, India's financial growth and gross domestic product (GDP) growth.
Findings
Study findings suggest that human capital and financial development contribute significantly to economic growth. Further, the authors found that human capital has a positive and significant moderating effect on the path of joining financial development and economic growth.
Practical implications
The study contributes to the human capital debate. Despite the rich body of literature, the study based on World Bank data confirms the previous findings that investment in human capital is always useful for the financial and economic growth of the nation.
Originality/value
This paper reveals some unique findings regarding effect of financial development and economic growth nexus which opens the window of new dimension to think about their nexus. It also provides a different pathway to foster the economic growth by using human capital and financial development as together, especially in India.
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Diya Guha Roy, Srabanti Mukherjee and Sujoy Bhattacharya
The medical tourism market across the globe lacks a consolidated, standard customer-based brand equity (CBBE) scale till the present day. The purpose of this research is to…
Abstract
Purpose
The medical tourism market across the globe lacks a consolidated, standard customer-based brand equity (CBBE) scale till the present day. The purpose of this research is to theorize a scale with probable existing dimensions and based on prior literature adding culture and infrastructure/superstructure as new components for global comparison among BRICS and SAARC nations. This empirical research initiates laying the foundation of deriving a unified scale.
Design/methodology/approach
Extensive literature reviews from leading academic journals, books and web information were used to theoretically propose the scale. R (an open source coding language) was used for quantitative analysis.
Findings
Culture (environment index) and infrastructure/superstructure (industry/economic index) were found to be relevant in the context of CBBE scale for medical tourism. The other dimensions are brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality and loyalty.
Research limitations/implications
The research literature was fragmented because of international scopes of medical tourism destinations as well as a variety of medical services offered. The dynamic nature of this industry, which is dependent on several factors such as healthcare, cost, related services, tourism etc. made it difficult to access the real contribution of individual items.
Practical implications
This paper proposes the foundation to develop a CBBE scale for medical tourism in India, adding culture and infrastructure/superstructure as new dimensions. It opens doors for new research with scale refining, branding assessment and fine-tuning items for the new dimensions.
Originality/value
This research is the first of its kind to create a standard CBBE scale for developing countries. It has added a new set of literature and consolidated prior contextual works on culture and infrastructure in reference to medical tourism. The questionnaire is of practical value to hospitals. The interview transcript is novel in nature for future works.
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Alireza Ardehshiri, Gholamreza Karimi and Ramin Dehdasht-Heydari
This paper aims to design, optimize and simulate the Radio Frequency (RF) micro electromechanical system (MEMS) Switch which is stimulated by electrostatically voltage.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to design, optimize and simulate the Radio Frequency (RF) micro electromechanical system (MEMS) Switch which is stimulated by electrostatically voltage.
Design/methodology/approach
The geometric structure of the switch was extracted based on the design of Taguchi-based experiment using the mathematical programming and obtaining objective function by the genetic meta-heuristic algorithm.
Findings
The RF parameters of the switch were calculated for the design of Taguchi-based S11 = −5.649 dB and S21 = −46.428 dB at the working frequency of 40 GHz. The pull-in voltage of the switch was 2.8 V and the axial residual stress of the proposed design was obtained 28 MPa and the design of Taguchi-based S11 = −4.422 dB and S21 = −48.705dB at the working frequency of 40 GHz. The pull-in voltage of the switch was 2.5 V and the axial residual stress of the proposed design was obtained 25 MPa.
Originality/value
A novel complex strategy in the design and optimization of capacitive RF switch MEMS modeling is proposed.
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Dipika Agrahar-Murugkar, Aiman Zaidi and Chetan Gupta
Development of new products rich in nutrients required for growth and development along with acceptability can contribute in alleviating malnutrition. Laddoo, a traditional sweet…
Abstract
Purpose
Development of new products rich in nutrients required for growth and development along with acceptability can contribute in alleviating malnutrition. Laddoo, a traditional sweet, is well-accepted by people at large. However, traditional laddoos contain one or two food groups – sugar and saturated fat, which are not healthy. The aim of this research was to formulate a nutritious laddoo using different food groups and to study its nutritional, functional, textural and sensory profile.
Design/methodology/approach
Composite flour laddoo (TL) was formulated using a mix of cereals, sprouted legumes, malted millets, dairy ingredients, fruit, oil and jaggery and evaluated for particle size, colour, texture, nutritional, functional and sensory evaluation and compared with traditional wheat (CL-1) and chickpea (CL-2) flour laddoos (CL).
Findings
The TL’s were significantly softer in texture compared to CLs, resulting in ease in biting, chewing and swallowing. The nutritional quality of TL was significantly higher in terms of protein (24.6 g/100 g), fibre (3.8 g/100 g), iron (10.4 mg/100 g) and phosphorus (287.5 mg/100 g). The functional quality of TL was also higher in terms of phenolics (123.0 gallic acid equivalent mg/100 g), flavonoids (6.9 quercitin equivalent mg/100 g) and antioxidant activity (62.6 per cent radical-scavenging activity). Organoleptic evaluation also showed higher acceptability (eight) of TL against six for CL-1 and seven for CL-2.
Originality/value
Fortification of food products to enhance the nutritive value has become the major focus of the researchers in the field of new product development, owing to the consumer need for products having high nutritive and sensorial properties. Malnutrition is a serious matter of concern among the population of India, and the present situation demands development of products that are rich in nutrients required for growth and development and readily acceptable. Traditional laddoos made using a single ingredient does not provide sufficient nutrients, and sugar and saturated fat used for binding are not healthy options. No work on using composite flour along with sprouting/malting, jaggery and unsaturated fat to prepare laddoos with its nutritional, functional and textural properties has been reported.
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Through a thematic analysis, this research study aims to examine the role of microfinance institutions (MFIs) and self-help groups (SHGs) in empowering rural women and their…
Abstract
Purpose
Through a thematic analysis, this research study aims to examine the role of microfinance institutions (MFIs) and self-help groups (SHGs) in empowering rural women and their contribution to financial inclusion in India. Sustainable development can be achieved when resources are equally available and accessible for all, irrespective of gender differences.
Design/methodology/approach
For qualitative research, the response was collected through focused group discussion and gathered responses from members working in SHGs in Uttarakhand in India. Thematic analysis was done to analyse the data till the saturation level was reached.
Findings
Despite several socio-economic developments worldwide, women still fall among some of the most vulnerable communities, unable to access resources at par with men. Thus, women’s empowerment emerges as a theme central to sustainable development. MFIs are looking to empower women by increasing their savings habits. There are consistent efforts on the part of the government to formalize the system of SHGs and give them additional financial support by creating a proper link between the banking system and SHGs. We also need technology and innovation for creating financial literacy among women. Women’s empowerment cannot be achieved unless they are involved in financial inclusion by creating awareness.
Originality/value
The research focuses on people’s socio-economic development, especially women living in hilly and rural areas within the specific context of Uttarakhand in India. This research will provide an opportunity for strategic approaches and reveal the areas where government needs to focus for sustainable development.
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The integration of big data with artificial intelligence in the field of digital health has brought a new dimension to healthcare service delivery. AI technologies that provide…
Abstract
Purpose
The integration of big data with artificial intelligence in the field of digital health has brought a new dimension to healthcare service delivery. AI technologies that provide value by using big data obtained in the provision of health services are being added to each passing day. There are also some problems related to the use of AI technologies in health service delivery. In this respect, it is aimed to understand the use of digital health, AI and big data technologies in healthcare services and to analyze the developments and trends in the sector.
Design/methodology/approach
In this research, 191 studies published between 2016 and 2023 on digital health, AI and its sub-branches and big data were analyzed using VOSviewer and Rstudio Bibliometrix programs for bibliometric analysis. We summarized the type, year, countries, journals and categories of publications; matched the most cited publications and authors; explored scientific collaborative relationships between authors and determined the evolution of research over the years through keyword analysis and factor analysis of publications. The content of the publications is briefly summarized.
Findings
The data obtained showed that significant progress has been made in studies on the use of AI technologies and big data in the field of health, but research in the field is still ongoing and has not yet reached saturation.
Research limitations/implications
Although the bibliometric analysis study conducted has comprehensively covered the literature, a single database has been utilized and limited to some keywords in order to reach the most appropriate publications on the subject.
Practical implications
The analysis has addressed important issues regarding the use of developing digital technologies in health services and is thought to form a basis for future researchers.
Originality/value
In today’s world, where significant developments are taking place in the field of health, it is necessary to closely follow the development of digital technologies in the health sector and analyze the current situation in order to guide both stakeholders and those who will work in this field.
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Sarthak Dhingra, Rakesh Raut, Mukesh Kumar and B. Koteswara Rao Naik
This study aims to identify several perspectives that affect the adoption of blockchain technology in India (BCTA) and evaluate their impact. To study the sector’s influence on…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to identify several perspectives that affect the adoption of blockchain technology in India (BCTA) and evaluate their impact. To study the sector’s influence on adoption and the impact of BCTA on the performance of the Indian healthcare supply chain (HSCP) using BCTA as a mediating variable.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, we first developed a conceptual model based on Organizational Information Processing Theory and Technology-Organization-Environment, then formulated hypotheses. Based on this, a questionnaire was developed, and data were gathered from experts in the Indian healthcare industry who were familiar with blockchain technology. AMOS 19 was used to analyze data using structural equation modelling.
Findings
All the factors have a significant positive influence on BCTA. Healthcare supply chain factors influenced the adoption most dominantly, followed by technological, environmental, organizational and record-keeping unit factors. Both the public and private sectors of HSCP benefited significantly from BCTA.
Practical implications
This research work is fruitful for healthcare practitioners, top management, academicians and policymakers in assessing BCTA’s impact on the HSCP.
Originality/value
We have attempted to evaluate the possible BCTA impact on HSCP. BCTA as a mediating variable and considering different perspectives for a holistic view of adoption in the Indian context add to this work’s originality.