The purpose of this study is to compare the competition and productivity of the US freight rail transportation industry for the past 41 years (1980 ∼ 2020), which consists of the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare the competition and productivity of the US freight rail transportation industry for the past 41 years (1980 ∼ 2020), which consists of the two periods, before and after the abolishment of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) in 1995.
Design/methodology/approach
This study investigates any relationships between the market concentration index values and labor productivity values in the separate two periods, and how the existence of a regulatory body in the freight transportation market impacted the productivity of the freight rail transportation industry by using a Cobb–Douglas production function on annual financial statement data from the US stock exchange market.
Findings
This study found that, after the abolishment of the ICC: (1) the rail industry became less competitive, (2) even if the rail industry had an increasing labor productivity trend, there was a strong negative correlation between the market concentration index and labor productivity and (3) the rail industry’s total factor productivity was decreased.
Originality/value
This study is to find empirical evidence of the effect of the ICC abolishment on the competition and productivity levels in the US freight rail transportation industry using a continuous data set of 41-year financial statements, which is unique compared to previous studies.
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Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors affecting user acceptance for NFC mobile wallets in both Korean and US markets.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors affecting user acceptance for NFC mobile wallets in both Korean and US markets.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed model extends the UTAUT2 model with new constructs of credibility (CR) and service smartness (SS). This study was analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling on data collected from 701 college students between the ages of 18 and 29.
Findings
The results of this study demonstrate that performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), CR, SS and habit (HB) have strong positive relationships with a user’s behavioral intention to use NFC mobile wallets. Comparing the results of the USA and South Korea, there are different results regarding PE and CR.
Research limitations/implications
This study shows that all factors except social influence (SI) have significant positive relationships with the intention to adopt NFC mobile wallets: Among the original UTUAT2 factors, PE, EE and HB are important determinants of NFC mobile wallet adoption and the new constructs, CR and SS, are significant determinants that influence BI. However, the target respondents are limited to college students of South Korea and the USA Thus, caution should be used when applying the results of this study towards less ICT developed countries and towards different age groups.
Practical implications
This study provides multiple practical contributions. First, this study emphasizes HB as the strongest factor for adopting NFC mobile wallets in both South Korea and the USA Second, this study also highlights the importance of SS. Third, this study reveals that SI is not associated with the adoption of NFC mobile wallets. Fourth, nationality differences between the USA and South Korea account for the differences in consumer behaviors.
Originality/value
This study has two main contributions: First, this study introduces a modified UTAUT2 model with two new variables (CR and SS) useful for NFC mobile wallets. Second, this study compares the results of partial least square structured equation models (PLS-SEM) of the two nationality groups, South Korea and the USA
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Seungjae Shin, Jack Tucci and Daniel Glaser‐Segura
The purpose of this paper is to survey the internet industry structure from the interconnection point of view and demonstrate why peering is difficult to achieve in the local…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to survey the internet industry structure from the interconnection point of view and demonstrate why peering is difficult to achieve in the local access market.
Design/methodology/approach
An internet interconnection game model is built and equilibrium analysis is provided in this paper.
Findings
The paper finds that the key element as an internet industry structural determinant is peering interconnection and the relationships created by that interconnectedness. Even if peering is an efficient way to exchange traffic freely, the dominant strategy for small, local internet service providers (ISPs) in the internet access market is transit. This result shows that it is hard to make a peering arrangement for the small ISPs with small amounts of traffic and a limited number of subscribers.
Originality/value
This paper supports internet policy makers reviewing the internet interconnection policy.