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The purpose of this study is to show that closure-based classification and regression models provide both high accuracy and interpretability.

Pattern structures allow one to approach the knowledge extraction problem in case of partially ordered descriptions. They provide a way to apply techniques based on closed descriptions to non-binary data. To provide scalability of the approach, the author introduced a lazy (query-based) classification algorithm.

The experiments support the hypothesis that closure-based classification and regression allow one to both achieve higher accuracy in scoring models as compared to results obtained with classical banking models and retain interpretability of model results, whereas black-box methods grant better accuracy for the cost of losing interpretability.

This is an original research showing the advantage of closure-based classification and regression models in the banking sphere.

The development of service activities at the present stage of the economy is increasingly taking its place in the market for the provision of services, thereby intensifying competition among service organisations.

In the process of research, the author identified the main ways to improve the quality of customer service.

A theoretical substantiation of the analysis of the studied problem of service quality by organisations and the impact of service quality on the economic performance of enterprises, which are one of the problems of the country's economic development at the present stage, is carried out, the service process is an integral part of the service.

As part of the study, an assessment was made of the qualitative indicators of service organisations providing services to the population. Proposals have been made to improve the efficiency of service quality.

The purpose of this work is to determine the key barriers on the path of information economy’s formation in modern Russia and to determine the possibilities and perspectives of overcoming them.

In order to determine weak spots in the Russian practice of information economy’s formation, the values of the indicators that reflect the corresponding progress in technosphere, sociosphere, economic sphere, and target result in Russia are compared to average values for the leading countries of the world that achieved the largest success in the formation of information economy. For that, the method of comparative and problem analysis is used.

In the course of the research, the institutional barrier, which is related to the limitation of acceptance of priorities of information economy in the national strategy; structural barrier, which is based on insufficient development of the ICT spheres; and investment barrier, caused by deficit of investments in the ICT spheres, were found.

The determined barriers do not correlate with the national peculiarities of the socio-economic system of modern Russia. In particular, despite the incompleteness of market reformation, the level of informatization of the Russian economic system is very high. Despite the traditional public mode, sociosphere is the sector of the largest success in Russia in information economy’s formation, and the directive character of modernization of the socio-economic system stimulates quick formation of information economy due to timely establishment of the corresponding strategic course and implementation of state initiatives in the direction of its practical implementation.

To analyze internationalization patterns among large Russian multinational corporations (MNCs).

Case study analysis of systematic internationalization attempts within three industries: IT, banking, and steel. For case studies, secondary data was used along with industry expert interviews.

The first finding is that Russian firms actively pursuing internationalization strategies through mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and greenfield investments were not as successful as several optimistic assessments had earlier suggested. Few global corporate champions emerged among Russian MNCs, despite a decade of record high outward foreign direct investments (OFDI). Secondly, we observed the unique trend of splitting operations between international and Russian businesses, which proved more sustainable than operating as a single firm. For example, the IBS-Luxoft group achieved success through gradual legal and organizational separation of branches in order to serve rising demand in developed markets and from its Russian business within the same industry. This double-headed strategy divides a business into two parts that are controlled by the same owners, but operate independently: one firm operates within the home market, while another firm aims to expand globally. This seems to be a typical trend, confirming recent findings for Russian small and medium enterprise (SME) internationalization and reinforcing earlier literature on institutional constraints in the Russian economy.

We analyzed major cases from three actively internationalizing industries. For each industry, we extensively analyzed one main case in particular. Industries’ choice also affects specific internationalization strategies.

This study identifies two distinct approaches in the literature on Russian business internationalization and attempts to combine both. We will also highlight organizational dilemmas as well as patterns in Russian businesses’ successful and failed internationalization strategies over the last decade. We identified an original double-headed internationalization strategy consisting of the separation of the national and global businesses, rather than leveraging their synergy. We will also question the established optimistic assessment of Russian MNC internationalization.

This paper examines the results of the first year of the new Russian state procurement law, 94-FZ, through the lens of the 88 regional government web portals created to implement it. Benchmarks are developed and applied to them, comparing results with two contemporaneous Russian studies. Almost all regions have provided core information provision functions, but other missing features and the lack of automation mean that more than half may have done little more than fulfill formal requirements. More website features do seem to correspond to more transparency, but the law and the web portals have done little so far to combat endemic, institutional corruption of the state procurement process.

In December 2007, Sergey Nikolaev, founder and CEO of the Untsiya company, a tea shop chain in St. Petersburg, Russia, was facing a major decision about the future of his company: should he diversify the business or focus solely on tea sales via exclusive shops? Founded in 2002, the Untsiya Company had enjoyed dramatic growth and great success in the St. Petersburg market. By 2007, having directed the successful roll-out of his tea shop chain, Nikolaev wanted to grow to the next level and was prepared to revise his corporate strategy, even to the extent of changing his existing, stable organizational structure. Students are challenged to select a growth strategy and related organizational changes to implement that strategy.

The purpose of this paper is to show how young educated adults in the state of precarity perceive the lack of stability in their employment, life and prospects, and what influences their decision making with respect to their career.

Qualitative research on evidence from ten semi-structured in-depth interviews. The method of analysis is consensual qualitative research.

Young Russian adults in the state of precarity have little interest in stable employment, believing it imposes inadequately tight constraints in terms of work organisation, as compared to the potentially modest returns in terms of career development and professional self-actualisation. The respondents tend to choose work which corresponds to the rhythm of their lives and preferences. They are willing to sacrifice stability and higher income in the hope of achieving career success and financial prosperity in the future. They do not hope for or expect assistance from the state but feel fully responsible for their own lives. The downside of this optimism is the lack of long-term plans and, hence, the uncertainty of the future.

The authors not only consider the state of precarity as an effect of structural factors such as the state of the labour market, but also aim to show the role of the worker’s agency in creating such a situation. Instead of the conventional view of precarious individuals solely as victims of circumstances, this study suggests to regard them as actors whose experience, goals and aspirations determine career and life choices.

In 2013, Honduras Congress passed the Zones for Employment and Economic Development (ZEDE) Organic Law, along with some constitutional changes, to create ZEDEs, which are essentially special economic zones with some unique features. Prospera Honduras Inc., a company with substantial United States investment, invested in Honduras relying on the ZEDE Organic Law and the Free Trade Agreement between Central America, the Dominican Republic and the United States of America (CAFTA-DR). In 2022, Honduras cancelled the ZEDE Organic Law, allegedly harming Prospera Honduras Inc.’s investments. Prospera and some other foreign investors have initiated an investor-state arbitration against Honduras for several alleged breaches of CAFTA-DR provisions. Honduras has remained silent and decided not to participate in the arbitration. This paper aims to examine whether the cancellation of the ZEDE Organic Law gives rise to international investment law obligations under the CAFTA-DR.

This is a doctrinal research and contains qualitative analysis.

The article concludes that CAFTA-DR preserves some regulatory space for host states; therefore, it would be wrong to assume that the arbitral decision in Prospera Inc. and others v. Honduras will favour only the foreign investors. This article also argues that, drawing insights from this dispute, future International Investment Agreements should better preserve Indigenous people’s rights. Moreover, the host states should reconsider whether they intend International Investment Agreements (IIAs) to apply to special economic zones in future.

There is no existing scholarly work examining the international investment law issues relating to the cancellation of ZEDEs in Honduras. Therefore, the findings of this article will be novel.