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Data quality is a major challenge in data management. For organizations, the cleanliness of data is a significant problem that affects many business activities. Errors in data occur for different reasons, such as violation of business rules. However, because of the huge amount of data, manual cleaning alone is infeasible. Methods are required to repair and clean the dirty data through automatic detection, which are data quality issues to address. The purpose of this work is to extend the density-based data cleaning approach using conditional functional dependencies to achieve better data repair.

A set of conditional functional dependencies is introduced as an input to the density-based data cleaning algorithm. The algorithm repairs inconsistent data using this set.

This new approach was evaluated through experiments on real-world as well as synthetic datasets. The repair quality was determined using the F-measure. The results showed that the quality and scalability of the density-based data cleaning approach improved when conditional functional dependencies were introduced.

Conditional functional dependencies capture semantic errors among data values. This work demonstrates that the density-based data cleaning approach can be improved in terms of repairing inconsistent data by using conditional functional dependencies.

The purpose of this paper is to provide proactive risk management techniques and strategies that can be applied to trading and investment portfolios in emerging and Islamic illiquid financial markets, such as the Moroccan foreign exchange and stock markets.

This paper demonstrates a practical approach for the measurements, management and control of market risk exposure for financial portfolios that contain illiquid foreign exchange and equity securities. This approach is based on the renowned concept of value‐at‐risk (VAR) along with the innovation of a software tool utilizing matrix‐algebra technique.

In order to illustrate the proper use of VAR and stress‐testing methods, real‐world examples and feasible reports of risk management are presented for the Moroccan financial markets. To this end, several case studies were achieved with the objective of creating a realistic framework of trading risk measurement and control reports in addition to the inception of procedures for the calculation of VAR limits.

The versatile risk management procedures that are discussed in this work will be of value to financial entities, regulators and policymakers operating within the context of emerging and Islamic markets. The risk management procedures that are outlined in this paper will aid in setting‐up of realistic policies for the management of trading/investment risk exposures in illiquid markets. The document includes comprehensive theory, analyses sections, conclusions and recommendations, and full viable risk management reports.

Even though considerable literatures have investigated the statistical and economic significance of VAR models, this article provides real‐world techniques and optimum asset allocation strategies that are useful for trading/investment portfolios in emerging and Islamic financial markets. This is with the objective of setting‐up the basis of a proactive methodology/procedure for the measurement, management and control of equity and foreign exchange exposures in the day‐to‐day trading/investment operations.

This paper seeks to provide foreign exchange risk measurement/management techniques and strategies that can be applied to investment and trading portfolios in emerging financial markets, such as the Moroccan foreign exchange market, with the objective of setting up the basis of a methodology/procedure for the measurement, management and control of foreign exchange exposures in the day‐to‐day trading operations.

Demonstrates a proactive approach for the measurements, management and control of market risk exposure for financial trading portfolios that contain foreign exchange securities. This approach is based on the renowned concept of value‐at‐risk (VAR) along with the creation of a software tool utilizing matrix‐algebra technique. In order to illustrate the proper use of VAR and stress‐testing methods, real‐world examples and practical reports of foreign exchange trading risk management are presented for the Moroccan Dirham.

To this end, several case studies were achieved with the objective of setting up a practical framework of trading risk measurement and control reports in addition to the inception of procedures for the calculation of VAR's limits. Moreover, the effects of hedging of foreign exchange trading exposures with reciprocal equity trading positions were explored and quantified. Finally, initial empirical tests of the long‐term behavior of the Moroccan foreign exchange and debt markets were quantified and analyzed.

In this work, key foreign exchange trading risk management methods, rules and procedures that financial entities, regulators and policymakers should consider in setting up their daily foreign exchange trading risk management objectives are examined and adapted to the specific needs of emerging markets, such as in the context of the Moroccan foreign exchange market.

This paper fills a gap in the foreign exchange risk management literature especially in the emerging markets perspective. The risk management procedures that are discussed in this work will aid financial markets' participants, regulators and policymakers in founding sound and up‐to‐date policies to handle foreign exchange risk exposures.