Anne Ellaway and Sally Macintyre
Studies the food shopping practices and priorities among residents (in their mid‐40s and mid‐60s) of four socially contrasting neighbourhoods in Glasgow, Scotland. Poorer people…
Abstract
Studies the food shopping practices and priorities among residents (in their mid‐40s and mid‐60s) of four socially contrasting neighbourhoods in Glasgow, Scotland. Poorer people were more likely to give priority to price. Although overall, most grocery shopping is done in supermarkets, poorer people and those living in more disadvantaged areas were more likely than higher income groups to shop for basic foodstuffs such as bread, milk, fruit and vegetables in local shops. Public health and social policies may need to focus on local neighbourhoods in order to reach those groups whose health is poorer and who are most at risk from diet related diseases.
Steven Cummins and Sally Macintyre
During the late 1990s there has been an increasing interest in the concept of “food deserts” (populated areas with little or no food retail provision). It has been suggested that…
Abstract
During the late 1990s there has been an increasing interest in the concept of “food deserts” (populated areas with little or no food retail provision). It has been suggested that they are more likely to be found in deprived areas; however there has been little systematic research on their prevalence and distribution. This paper describes a preliminary analysis of the location of food outlets in the Greater Glasgow Health Board Area. Data were collected as part of a project on spatial variations in the price and availability of food. Based on all 79 multiple stores, and a 1 in 9 sample (n = 246) of all non‐multiple stores in the area, we did not find any evidence for the existence of food deserts, and found that food stores were more numerous in the more deprived localities and postcode districts in the study site.
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There are clear links between health, housing and social care. The homeless live much shorter lives as do those people living in poorer quality accommodation and areas of…
Abstract
Purpose
There are clear links between health, housing and social care. The homeless live much shorter lives as do those people living in poorer quality accommodation and areas of deprivation. Life expectancy and the quality of life in later years are both drastically affected by Marmot's (2010) social gradient, with people from poorer backgrounds often doing worse. A decent home is fundamental to a healthy and a good life. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
The research approach reviewed existing articles, examples from the housing sector and analysis of a range of data from organisations including the NHS.
Findings
Good housing helps to support better health but it is not the only answer – joined up working between agencies and Marmot's proposal of proportionate universalism are significant factors in finding solutions to this long-standing issue.
Social implications
Costs to the government, health services and local authorities and other agencies could be reduced by wider thinking around the link between housing, health and other support.
Originality/value
This paper focuses on the existing links between health, housing and social care.
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Despite widespread professional support for school sex education, there is little evidence about its effects on sexual behaviour. This article describes a project to evaluate…
Abstract
Despite widespread professional support for school sex education, there is little evidence about its effects on sexual behaviour. This article describes a project to evaluate rigorously the potential of teacher‐delivered sex education to reduce sexual risk taking. SHARE (Sexual Health and Relationships: Safe, Happy and Responsible) is a 20‐lesson course for 13‐15‐year‐olds designed according to the best educational theories and practices, and incorporating insights from recent social science research on young people’s sexual behaviour. The programme is underpinned by a five‐day teacher training course and is now being evaluated through a randomized controlled trial involving 25 Scottish schools that have been allocated either to deliver SHARE, or to continue with their existing sex education programmes. The impact of SHARE will be assessed in terms of pupils’ greater skills to negotiate sexual encounters and reduced sexual risk taking.
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In this paper I will analyse the nature of the relationship between area and health in cities. Although it has long been known that mortality and morbidity are unevenly…
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In this paper I will analyse the nature of the relationship between area and health in cities. Although it has long been known that mortality and morbidity are unevenly distributed within urban environments (Stamp, 1964; Learmonth, 1988) it remains problematic as to how these differences should be explained. In the present paper I will present detailed information on the spatial distibution of mortality, morbidity, and health services in cities and consider the explanations which have been put forward to account for them. Research which has considered this topic covers various fields; medical geography, medical ecology, epidemiology, and sociology, and has utilised numerous methodological approaches, from straightforward mapping techniques to complex multi‐variate analysis. Research has also been carried out across the world. However, because differences in the political and social organisation of cities can have an effect on health, and these structural differences vary from country to country, I have restricted the current review to work carried out in the cities of the developed world as studies are more comparable.
William Riggs and Ruth L. Steiner
This chapter introduces how the built environment and walking are connected. It looks at the interrelationships within the built environment, and how those are changing given…
Abstract
This chapter introduces how the built environment and walking are connected. It looks at the interrelationships within the built environment, and how those are changing given planning and policy efforts to facilitate increased walking for both leisure activity and commuting. Using a broad review and case-based approach, the chapter examines this epistemological development of walking and the built environment over time, reviews the connections, policies and design strategies and emerging issues. The chapter shows many cases of cities which are creating a more walkable environment. It also reveals that emerging issues related to technology and autonomous vehicles, vision zero and car-free cities, and increased regional policy may play a continued role in shaping the built environment for walking. This dialogue provides both a core underpinning and a future vision for how the built environment can continue to influence and respond to pedestrians in shaping a more walkable world.
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Tawseef Ayoub Shaikh and Rashid Ali
Tremendous measure of data lakes with the exponential mounting rate is produced by the present healthcare sector. The information from differing sources like electronic wellbeing…
Abstract
Tremendous measure of data lakes with the exponential mounting rate is produced by the present healthcare sector. The information from differing sources like electronic wellbeing record, clinical information, streaming information from sensors, biomedical image data, biomedical signal information, lab data, and so on brand it substantial as well as mind-boggling as far as changing information positions, which have stressed the abilities of prevailing regular database frameworks in terms of scalability, storage of unstructured data, concurrency, and cost. Big data solutions step in the picture by harnessing these colossal, assorted, and multipart data indexes to accomplish progressively important and learned patterns. The reconciliation of multimodal information seeking after removing the relationship among the unstructured information types is a hotly debated issue these days. Big data energizes in triumphing the bits of knowledge from these immense expanses of information. Big data is a term which is required to take care of the issues of volume, velocity, and variety generally seated in the medicinal services data. This work plans to exhibit a survey of the writing of big data arrangements in the medicinal services part, the potential changes, challenges, and accessible stages and philosophies to execute enormous information investigation in the healthcare sector. The work categories the big healthcare data (BHD) applications in five broad categories, followed by a prolific review of each sphere, and also offers some practical available real-life applications of BHD solutions.