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Cosmopolitanism and xenocentrism denote distinct individual orientations toward cultural outgroups. The former considers an individual’s openness to cultural diversity and ability to navigate through intercultural environments, whereas the latter describes an individual’s feelings of admiration or preference for specific cultural outgroup(s), over his/her ingroup. Few studies have simultaneously examined these constructs and fewer still have considered these within a nomological framework of key predictors (i.e. basic psychological needs) and practical outcomes (e.g. influentialness and friendships across different groups). The paper aims to discuss these issues.

The authors hypothesized a series of relationships of various antecedents and outcomes of cosmopolitanism and xenocentrism, and tested these conjectures using survey data from Canadians (n=238) and Americans (n=239).

The findings support the psychometric robustness of our tripartite operationalization of xenocentrism, and clearly distinguish this construct from cosmopolitanism. Beyond confirming earlier findings, the authors illuminate several novel relationships (e.g. between basic psychological needs, cosmopolitanism and xenocentrism), and elucidate the role played by a key personality dimension, neuroticism, in mediating the relationships between basic psychological needs and the two outgroup orientations.

Samples of this study are drawn from North America and a cross-sectional research design is used.

Whereas for xenocentric consumers admiration of one or more foreign culture(s) displaces customary preferences for one’s own cultural group, cosmopolitan consumers are able to embrace outside cultures without disaffection from their sociocultural ingroup. Given the obvious repercussions of these differences for targeting international consumer segments and for positioning brands across borders, our research has numerous practical applications as well as theoretical implications.

The purpose of this study is to further explore the effects of customer participation (CP) and service personal values (SPVs) on cruise customer satisfaction (CS) and customer loyalty (CL) by applying the empirical research approach.

A self-administered questionnaire was prepared and used to collect data. Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling analysis was used to test the proposed model and hypotheses.

The empirical results indicate that CP positively influences SPVs, CS and CL. SPVs have a significant and positive impact on CS as well. Moreover, the study also finds that collectivism has a strong positive effect on CP. Price sensitivity negatively moderates the relationship among CP, CPV, CS and CL.

The generalizability of the current study findings should be considered or scrutinized in light of the fact that limited samples and cross-sectional data were used. This limitation positions the findings as a continuation of the developing path toward a better understanding of customer behavior rather than a definitive conclusion.

The study results show that CP has a positive direct effect on SPVs, CS and CL. Even though many researchers have verified the importance and function of CP, there is a lack of literature, which assesses the influence of CP in a cruise industry context. By focusing on this gap, this research makes it feasible to empirically analyze the different effects of CP in relation to SPVs, CS and CL in Chinese cruise preferences.

The study results suggest that CP is a new predictor of CS and CL in the cruise industry. Thus, creating a positive experience through participation is crucial. As customers are co-producers, it is beneficial for the cruise companies to raise labor productivity and reduce cost by guiding and stimulating them to take part in the service-producing process.

Based on the perspective of service-dominant logic, the purpose of this study is to shed light on the formation process of loyalty behavior of Chinese cruise tourists. The empirical results indicate that CP positively influences SPVs, CS and CL. SPVs have a significant and positive impact on CS as well. Moreover, the study also finds that collectivism has a strong positive effect on CP. Price sensitivity negatively moderates the relationship among CP, CPV, CS and CL.

标题:中国邮轮游客的忠诚度:顾客参与和服务个人价值观的影响

本研究通过实证研究方法, 旨在深入探讨顾客参与(CP)与服务个人价值观(SPVs)对邮轮游客满意度(CS)与顾客忠诚度(CL)的影响。

本文编制了一份自填问卷用于收集数据。采用探索性因子分析(EFA)和结构方程模型(SEM)分析进行模型和假设检验。

结果表明, CP对SPVs、CS、CL均有正向影响。SPVs对CS也有显著的正向影响。此外, 本研究还发现, 集体主义对CP有很强的正向影响, 价格敏感性对CP、CPV、CS和CL之间的关系起负向调节作用。

鉴于样本有限和横断面数据的采用, 应仔细考虑和检查本文研究结果的普遍性。这一局限意味着本研究结果是顾客行为研究道路上的延续, 而不是一个确定的结论。

研究结果表明, CP对SPVs、CS、CL有直接的正向影响。尽管许多研究者已经证实了CP的重要性和作用, 但是对于CP在邮轮业中的影响的评价文献还很缺乏。基于对这一研究空白的关注, 本文通过实证研究, 分析在中国人的邮轮偏好中, CP对SPVs、CS、CL的不同影响。

研究结果表明, CP是邮轮行业CS和CL的一个新的预测因子。因此, 通过参与来创造积极体验是至关重要的。由于顾客是共同生产者, 通过引导和激励他们参与服务生产过程, 有利于提高邮轮公司的劳动生产率, 降低成本。

基于服务主导逻辑的视角, 本研究旨在揭示中国邮轮游客忠诚行为的形成过程。实证结果表明, 顾客参与(CP)对顾客个人价值(SPVs)、顾客满意度(CS)和顾客忠诚度(CL)具有正向影响。SPVs对CS也有显著的正向影响。此外, 本研究还发现, 集体主义对CP有很强的正向影响, 价格敏感性负向调节CP、CPV、CS和CL之间的关系。

关键词 顾客参与, 服务个人价值, 顾客忠诚度, 价格敏感度,中国邮轮游客

研究论文

La lealtad de los clientes chinos de cruceros: el impacto de la participación de los clientes y los valores personales del servicio

El propósito de este estudio es explorar, en profundidad, los efectos de la participación del cliente (CP) y los valores personales del servicio (SPV) en la satisfacción del cliente de cruceros (CS) y la lealtad del cliente (CL) aplicando el enfoque de la investigación empírica.

La obtención de datos se realizó a través de un cuestionario autoadministrado. El modelo y las hipótesis propuestas fueron contrastados a través del análisis factorial exploratorio (EFA) y el análisis de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM).

Los resultados empíricos indican que la CP influye positivamente en los SPV, CS y CL. Los SPVs también tienen un impacto significativo y positivo en la CS. Además, el estudio también encuentra que el colectivismo tiene un fuerte efecto positivo en el CP. La sensibilidad al precio modera negativamente la relación entre CP, CPV, CS y CL.

La posibilidad de generalizar las conclusiones del presente estudio debe considerarse teniendo en cuenta que se utilizaron muestras limitadas y datos transversales. Esta limitación hace que los hallazgos avancen en la senda para una mejor comprensión del comportamiento del cliente y no sean una conclusión definitiva.

Los resultados del estudio muestran que el CP tiene un efecto directo positivo en las SPVs, CS y CL. Aunque muchos investigadores han verificado la importancia y la función de la CP, falta literatura que evalúe la influencia de la CP en el contexto del sector de los cruceros. Al centrarse en esta carencia, esta investigación permite analizar empíricamente los diferentes efectos de la CP en relación con las SPVs, CS y CL en las preferencias de los cruceristas chinos.

Los resultados del estudio sugieren que la CP es un nuevo predictor de la CS y la CL en el sector de los cruceros. Por tanto, crear una experiencia positiva a través de la participación es crucial. Dado que los clientes son coproductores, es beneficioso para las compañías de cruceros aumentar la productividad laboral y reducir los costes guiándolos y estimulándolos a participar en el proceso de producción del servicio.

Basado en la perspectiva de la lógica dominante del servicio, el propósito de este estudio es arrojar luz sobre el proceso de formación de la lealtad de los turistas chinos de cruceros. Los resultados empíricos indican que la participación del cliente (CP) influye positivamente en los valores personales del servicio (SPV), la satisfacción del cliente (CS) y la lealtad del cliente (CL). Los SPVs también tienen un impacto significativo y positivo en la CS. Además, el estudio también encuentra que el colectivismo tiene un fuerte efecto positivo en el CP. La sensibilidad al precio modera negativamente la relación entre CP, CPV, CS y CL.

participación del cliente, valores personales del servicio, lealtad del cliente, sensibilidad al precio, turistas chinos de cruceros.

Trabajo de investigación

Physical restraints have been commonly used in health care settings for people with challenging behaviours. The function performance of restraint garments in relation to their design attributes is evaluated so as to optimise the protection and safety of patients. In contrast to the traditional approach of evaluating fabric properties, this study proposes a practical and systematic approach in which the effects of the design attributes of restraint garments can be evaluated based on their unique functions of mobility control, safety and practical use of restraint in medical/healthcare settings. The design and performance of traditional restraint vests are assessed and compared against two new prototypes of restraint garments in terms of the amplitude of arm movement, garment interface pressures and displacements of 3D motion coordinates by using the Novel Pliance X pressure and motion capturing system. The results reveal that design attributes affect the performance of mobility restriction and safety of restraint garments. Necklines with collar piping and the use of reinforcement seams to withstand continuous stress during struggling may lead to extremely high interface pressures at the neckline and armholes, which result in ischemia injuries and even potential strangulation.

An efficient customer behavior prediction model is designed using deep learning techniques. The necessary data used for the implementation are taken from standard datasets and presented to perform subsequent tasks. Here, deep restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) features are retrieved from the input images. Further, the extracted deep RBM features are presented to the customer behavior prediction phase. Here, the attention-based hybrid deep learning (A-HDL) technique is designed based on the incorporation of a dilated deep temporal convolutional network (dilated-DTCN) and a weighted recurrent neural network (weighted RNN). Moreover, the weights in RNN are tuned using a modernized random parameter-based cheetah optimizer (MRPCO). Further, various experiments were performed on the implemented framework, and it secured an enhanced customer behavior prediction rate than the conventional models.

A novel hybrid deep network-based customer behavior prediction model was developed to predict the behavior of the customer so the companies yield more income by advertising their products based on the predicted results.

When considering the first dataset, the designed customer behavior prediction mechanism produced 94% accuracy, which is higher than the conventional techniques such as long short-term memory (LSTM), DTCN, RNN and A-HDL with 88%, 87%, 89% and 93%.

The precision and the accuracy of the developed MRPCO-A-HDL-based customer behavior prediction model progressed than the conventional techniques and algorithms.

This article examines how personality types of tutors affect group interaction at a distance learning institution in Hong Kong. All participants of this study are Chinese, and they were given two personality assessment tools to complete: (1) the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator which was developed in the West in the early 1940s; and (2) the Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory which was developed in Hong Kong in the early 1990s. The CPAI consists of personality constructs of specific interest to people of Chinese culture but that were not covered in most of the translated personality inventories. The purpose of using two personality tests is to explore whether a culturally specific instrument will be a more comprehensive measure that can reveal particular distinctive factors in the relevant culture.

Theoretically and ideally, enterprise resource planning (ERP) seeks to streamline and integrate operation processes and information flow within a company. Practically, ERP system implementation involves a much broader scope and in‐depth consideration within an organization as a whole. Concurrently, in response to this need for resource optimization, the impact of globalization has caused the emergence of a new business operation format, global logistics management (GLM). This pertains to the overall management system of a corporation’s undertaking of worldwide market distribution, product design, customer satisfaction, production, procurement, logistics, suppliers and inventory. Suggests building an ERP as the backbone for implementation of a GLM system, while minimizing the impact of changes by use of information system reengineering technology (ISRT). Proposes a novel development framework that applies ISRT and ERP to developing a GLM system to economize on the system implementation cost and minimize the impact of changes within the corporation as a whole.

The purpose of this paper is to respond to calls in the literature to examine personality variables which may provide sharper insights into accountants’ judgments in applying principles-based International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This paper contributes to the literature on the global convergence of financial reporting by examining the influence of an important personality variable, construal of self, on Chinese accountants’ aggressive financial reporting judgments.

A between-subjects quasi-experiment was applied. In total, 122 Chinese professional accountants were categorized as either independents or interdependents, on the basis of their scores on construal of self scales. Subjects made their consolidation reporting judgments in the manipulated situations based on the financial performance of the investee entity, which refers to the situation where the investee entity makes a significant profit or a significant loss in the reporting period.

Compared to interdependent accountants, independent accountants used the flexibility allowed in the principles-based standards to make more aggressive consolidation reporting judgments. Also, adoption of IFRS may not necessarily ensure consistent judgments even within China.

This paper provides empirical evidence of the importance of construal of self in examining accountants’ aggressive judgments. The authors suggest that it may be premature to assume that adoption of IFRS will lead to comparable financial reporting. The findings are relevant to researchers who are interested in examining personality and cultural influences on accountants’ judgments both within and across countries. Companies and organizations may incorporate appropriate strategies to recruit and train independent and interdependent accountants, particularly by addressing the influence of construal of self on aggressive financial reporting judgments.

This article takes stock of the state of cross‐cultural management in Malaysia. It first focuses on a number of problems that cross‐cultural management faces generally, namely the lack of integrated knowledge and the possibility of subjectivity influencing the research design. Then the article looks at the state of cross‐cultural management research in Malaysia. It concludes that cross‐cultural management in Malaysia is, as yet, a series of “snapshots” with little follow‐up. Lastly, a number of themes for future research in Malaysia are proposed.

This chapter explores a relatively underresearched assumption in the diversity literature, namely, that more variety in demographic characteristics, educational or functional backgrounds, or hierarchical status in the workforce represents a wider repertoire of perspectives, approaches, and ways of thinking. Using data from members of innovation teams across 27 organizations in 11 industries (for which variation in thinking should be highly valued), we explore at the individual level whether people with different demographic and informational backgrounds evidence differences in ways of thinking which we define in terms of cognitive styles, learning styles, cultural orientations, and communication preferences. We find large differences in ways of thinking due to culture and communication preferences but modest and limited differences in ways of thinking by level and type of education, occupational function, and hierarchical status. We find few differences by gender. The findings raise questions about the frequently repeated claims that categorical and informational diversity among organizational members reflects differences in ways of thinking.