R. Usop, Z.H.Z Abidin, N.A. Mazni, A.N. Hadi, N.A. Halim, R.M. Taha, M.A. Careem, S.R. Majid and A.K. Arof
This paper aims to study the colour stability of chlorophyll and the effect of copper (II) nitrate – Cu(NO3)2 – as an additive in natural dye coating films after being exposed to…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the colour stability of chlorophyll and the effect of copper (II) nitrate – Cu(NO3)2 – as an additive in natural dye coating films after being exposed to ultraviolet-A (UV-A).
Design/methodology/approach
The natural dye was extracted from the leaves of Cassia alata L. using absolute ethanol as the solvent. The extract was divided into two parts and, one of it was added with 3 wt.% Cu(NO3)2 as an additive. The polymer blend of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and acrylic polyol was used as the coating binder. Both parts of the dye with and without additive were mixed with the blended polymer in a specific ratio. The resulted mixtures were applied as coating films on glass substrates. The colour stability of the coating films on exposure to UV-A with the time of exposure was observed with Commission internationale de l’éclairage (CIE) L*a*b* colour coordinates. The hidden power by the means of reflectivity and glossiness of the coatings was also studied. Statistical standard deviation (STD) was used to analyse the data.
Findings
The test showed that the coating films containing Cu(NO3)2 had smaller colour differences, (ΔE*) indicating higher colour stability. The analysis on hidden power also showed that the coating film with Cu(NO3)2 was 1.6 times more stable than the film without additive. All the measurements in this study were observed within 35 days of duration.
Research limitations/implications
This paper implies the potential of using natural dye extracted from Cassia alata L. leaves as a stable dye colourant for coating applications.
Practical implications
The coating film developed in this study is suitable for glass substrate applications.
Originality/value
A new method of preparing solvent-based coating film from PMMA–acrylic polyol with chlorophyll colourant is introduced in this study.
Details
Keywords
Rosli Said, Mardhiati Sulaimi, Rohayu Ab Majid, Ainoriza Mohd Aini, Olusegun Olaopin Olanrele and Omokolade Akinsomi
This study aims to address the critical need for innovative financing solutions in the global housing sector, focusing specifically on Malaysia’s distinct housing finance system…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to address the critical need for innovative financing solutions in the global housing sector, focusing specifically on Malaysia’s distinct housing finance system encompassing both conventional and Islamic loans. The primary objective is to develop a transformative housing finance model that addresses affordability challenges and reshapes the Malaysian housing landscape.
Design/methodology/approach
The study presents an alternate housing finance model for Malaysia, integrating lower monthly payments and reduced household debt. Key variables include house price appreciation rates, interest rates, initial guarantee fees and loan-to-value ratios. Inspired by the Help to Buy (HTB) scheme, the model aligns with proven global initiatives for enhanced affordability, balancing payment amounts, loan interest rates and acceptable price thresholds.
Findings
The study’s findings promise to address affordability disparities and reshape Malaysia’s housing finance landscape. The emphasis is on introducing a structured repayment plan that offers a sustainable path to homeownership, particularly for low-income families. Incorporating the future value adaptation concept, inspired by reverse mortgages and Islamic finance, enhances adaptability, ensuring long-term sustainability despite economic shifts.
Practical implications
The proposed model promotes widespread access to homeownership, offering practical solutions for policymakers to improve affordability, prompting adaptable risk management strategies for financial institutions and empowering potential homebuyers with increased flexibility.
Originality/value
The study introduces a transformative housing finance model for Malaysia, merging elements from reverse mortgages, Islamic finance and the HTB scheme, offering potential applicability to similar systems globally.
Details
Keywords
Efrat Neter, Esther Brainin and Orna Baron-Epel
Purpose: The primary purpose of this study is to examine the association between Internet use, skills, and health-related Internet activities, on the one hand, and perceived…
Abstract
Purpose: The primary purpose of this study is to examine the association between Internet use, skills, and health-related Internet activities, on the one hand, and perceived health outcomes of health-related Internet use, use of healthcare services, and self-rated health (SRH), on the other hand, the latter conceptualized as gains constituting the “third digital divide.” Secondarily, we seek to examine whether the above associations are maintained after accounting for demographic characteristics.
Methodology: A nationally representative random-digital-dial (RDD) telephone household survey of Israeli adult population (aged 21 and older, N = 819). The survey measured different dimensions of Internet use – frequency, experience, Web 1.0 general consumption and health-related activities, Web 2.0 production activities (general and health-related), and content evaluation. Potential health benefits included perceived outcomes of Internet use for health purposes, use of healthcare services and SRH.
Findings: In a multiple hierarchical regression model, adjusting for demographic variables, Internet use was associated with increased use of healthcare services and better perceived outcomes of Internet use for health purposes, but not with SRH.
Research Implications and Limitations: Health-related Internet use is associated with a sense of empowerment and enhanced use of healthcare services, but – after accounting for background variables – is not associated with SRH. Limitations include self-reports and a cross-sectional design, the latter precluding inference on causality.
Practical Implications: Internet use, specifically Web 1.0 consumption activities, is associated with increased use of healthcare services and is positively associated with perceived health outcomes. No such relationships were found for Web 2.0 activities. Future technological developments in services should take the digital divide into account and design products that will benefit disadvantaged groups.
Originality/Value: While rigorously assessing various dimensions of Internet use, the study distinguishes between various benefits of Internet use in the health domain, clarifying which benefits are associated with Internet use for health purposes.
Details
Keywords
Z.H.Z. Abidin, N.N. Naziron, K.M. Nasir, M.S. Rusli, S.V. Lee, M.Z. Kufian, S.R. Majid, B. Vengadaesvaran, A.K. Arof, R.M. Taha and R. Yahya
The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of curcumin dye natural colorant on adhesion, mechanical, thermal and electrochemical properties of blend poly (methyl…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of curcumin dye natural colorant on adhesion, mechanical, thermal and electrochemical properties of blend poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) – acrylic polyol.
Design/methodology/approach
Extracted curcumin yellow dye colorant from Curcuma Demostica was mixed with PMMA‐acrylic polyol blended polymer in the volume ratios of 9:1, 8:2 and 7:3. The mixtures were applied on pre‐treated cold‐roll mild steel panels. All of the paint coating samples were subjected to potential time measurement (PTM), rapid impact deformation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), cross hatch and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests.
Findings
The addition of curcumin dye colorant was able to improve the adhesion, flexibilities and resistance against electrolytes penetration of the blended poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) – acrylic polyol polymer paint system. Cross hatch test studies showed that high amount of curcumin dye colorant (AP30 paint system) had the lowest peel‐off coating area from the substrate. The FTIR test had confirmed the high concentration of hydroxyl group in the AP30 sample. The hydroxyl group was able to promote hydrogen bonding between coating substrate interface. The AP30 sample had the highest coating flexibilities when tested with rapid impact test. This was due to the lowest glass transition value Tg which indicated lowest cross linking density in the coating molecules structure. In the PTM test, AP30 paint system had shown the highest rate electrolytes penetration within the AP sample.
Research limitations/implications
The composition of curcumin dye colorant in the polymer blend is limited from 10 percent to 30 percent pigment volume concentration. Increasing the amount of lawsone pigment will result inhomogeneous mixtures.
Originality/value
The AP paint system is suitable for interior applications. This paint system has to be mixed with suitable additive materials to improve its performance for exterior purpose.
Details
Keywords
S.V. Lee, R. Usop, A.N. Hadi, N.A. Mazni, S.R. Majid, A.K. Arof, N.A. Halim and Z.H.Z. Abidin
The purpose of this paper is to observe the thermal and colour stabilities of coating films consisting of natural dye anthocyanin colourant with acid and nitrate salt as…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to observe the thermal and colour stabilities of coating films consisting of natural dye anthocyanin colourant with acid and nitrate salt as additives.
Design/methodology/approach
The natural dye was extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle) by using distilled water as solvent. The extracted dye was mixed with 1 weight per cent hydrochloric acid and 5 weight per cent calcium nitrate to conduct the comparison study. The dye samples were than mixed with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The mixtures were applied on glass panels to form coating films. The coating films were left to dry for 24 hours. The thermal stability of coating films was investigated by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The amorphousness coating films molecular structures were observed by using x-ray diffraction (XRD). CIE L*a*b* colour coordinate space technique was used to investigate the coating films colour stability against ultraviolet (UV).
Findings
The results show that addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl acid) enhanced thermal stability of PVA-anthocyanin coating and shifted the degradation temperature to higher temperature at 300°C. HCl acid also improved UV stability of the coating system significantly with the reduced ΔE from 26.67 to 16.89. Addition of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) salt promotes good interaction with PVA-anthocyanin system that caused structural changes, improved thermal stability and increased Tg from 61.5 to 83.1°C.
Research limitations/implications
The potential of using natural dye extracted from plant as renewable material.
Practical implications
The coating films developed in this works are suitable for glass substrate application.
Originality/value
Development of water-based coating from PVA binder with anthocyanin colourant is introduced in this study.
Details
Keywords
S.V. Lee, A.N. Hadi, Z.H.Z. Zainal Abidin, N.A. Mazni, N.A. Halim, R. Usop, H.C. Hassan, S.R. Majid and A.K. Arof
The purpose of this paper is to observe the colour and thermal stability of natural red dye consisting of anthocyanin with addition of different aqueous acids and applied as…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to observe the colour and thermal stability of natural red dye consisting of anthocyanin with addition of different aqueous acids and applied as coating films.
Design/methodology/approach
The natural red dye was extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (roselle) flowers and mixed with 1 per cent hydrochloric acid, 5 per cent acetic acid, 5 per cent citric acid and 5 per cent oxalic acid. All the dye samples were exposed to heat and UV-B to observe the colour stability by calculating the half-life and rate of reaction. In coating film application, each of the dye samples was mixed with 25 wt% of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and applied on to a glass substrate. The coating samples’ colour stability was observed by using CIE L*a*b* colour space coordinates. The coating films’ weight loss stability against temperature was observed by using thermogravimetric analysis.
Findings
Addition of hydrochloric acid enhances the thermal and UV stability of the anthocyanin natural dye. This can be observed from the calculation of the half-life of the dye. The half-life values for the thermal and UV stability studies were 1,155 hours and 210 hours, respectively. In coating films, the sample with addition of acetic acid showed the highest colour stability with colour difference (ΔE*) value 8.95.
Research limitations/implications
The coating films developed in this work are not suitable to be applied on metal substrates due to the presence of water, which can contribute to the corrosion formation.
Practical implications
The coating films developed in this work are suitable for washable coating application. In other words, they are non-permanent coatings applied on a glass substrate.
Originality/value
Development of water-based coatings from PVA binder with anthocyanin colourant is introduced in this study.
Details
Keywords
Babajide Oyewo, Vincent Tawiah and Abdulrasheed Zakari
This chapter investigates the relevance of sustainability accounting practice (SAP) in the actualisation of the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs) 2030…
Abstract
This chapter investigates the relevance of sustainability accounting practice (SAP) in the actualisation of the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs) 2030. Whilst the SDGs appear general, broad and far-reaching, the sustainable development agenda (SDA) impliedly places responsibilities on member nations to evolve strategies that will ensure the achievement of the SDGs in their respective countries in accordance with national circumstances and peculiar challenges. This brings to bear the need to consider measures to translate the SDGs to realities, especially in developing countries. We use a structured questionnaire to collect data on the application of SAP from publicly listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Secondary data on economic performance were obtained from the annual reports of companies for 5 years (2014–2018). Structural Equation Modelling and Mann-Whitney test were applied to analyse data. Result suggests that whilst the implementation level of SAP by companies is generally moderate, internalities/‘pull factors’ such as market orientation and deliberate strategy formulation significantly determine the sophistication level of SAP. The insignificant effect of the externalities/‘push factors’ (i.e. environmental uncertainty, structure of ownership and control, and intensity of competition) on SAP suggests that external pressure on companies to implement sustainability initiatives is weak. We also find that extensive usage of SAP can sustain economic performance in the long run. The chapter provides empirical evidence that manufacturing companies extensively implementing SATs can sustain economic performance and would likely have enough economic resources to implement some initiatives that are fundamental to the actualisation of the SDGs 2030. The chapter contributes to the sparse literature on sustainability practice in developing countries, and incrementally adds to knowledge on the factors driving SAP in a jurisdiction characterised by lax regulatory framework and weak institutional apparatus on sustainability. As evident in our findings, SAP engenders sustainable economic performance.
Details
Keywords
Brighton Nyagadza, Abu Bashar, Neo Ligaraba, Theo Tsokota, Colletor Tendeukai Chipfumbu, Lovemore Chikazhe, Hamilton Tamburayi Katsvairo, Tawanda Taurai Maradze and Charlene Muswaka
Disruptive technologies have changed the way that firms model their business approach. The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of novel digital technologies (artificial…
Abstract
Disruptive technologies have changed the way that firms model their business approach. The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of novel digital technologies (artificial intelligence [AI] and machine learning [ML]) and big data analytics on the digital transformation of digital marketing firms. This research study is based on a review of the extant literature, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Gaps in the extant research literature were identified and emerged that are directly linked with the impact of AI, ML and big data analytics on digital transformation for digital marketing firms. Potential opportunities for digital transformation in digital firms were also unlocked, as well as related challenges. The research informs practice and policy for the current trends and provides future research directions. The study was limited to the application of the PRISMA methodology, which is incapable of fully providing testable results for a given study. Complementary cross-sectional research studies using the same methodology in different areas of study with the same topic can be applied to check for relevancy and applicability. This study contributes to digital marketing, information communication technologies, information systems practice and theory building. In addition, it provides researchers with an agenda for future digital transformation research directions.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to provide comprehensive, theoretical and practical knowledge that will assist decision-makers in making informed decisions when promoting several…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide comprehensive, theoretical and practical knowledge that will assist decision-makers in making informed decisions when promoting several religious sites in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Specifically, this study examines the popularity of several religious sites, the personas of prospective visitors and their intentions to visit.
Design/methodology/approach
The study uses several methodological approaches to fulfil its main objective, namely, Google Trends analysis, K-means cluster analysis and linear regression analysis.
Findings
The results reveal that several religious sites in the KSA are popular and have potential for further consideration by various stakeholders. In addition, four personas were identified which can aid decision-makers and marketing practitioners in designing suitable plans for prospective visitors based on the participants’ motivation and demographics. Furthermore, a significant association was observed among three motivational variables (self-esteem, relationship and physiological needs) and the participants’ intentions to visit.
Originality/value
This study makes an original contribution to the literature, as it examines several religious sites in Saudi Arabia in addition to the sites that are part of the practices of Hajj and Umrah. Furthermore, this study provides comprehensive knowledge in this area to assist both future researchers and practitioners.