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In an era in which adapting to change means survival, it is important to study what successful organizations have done. While the airline industry in the USA has not made thriving financial headlines, one small company has been able to satisfy its customers completely and achieve a place among the Fortune 500 in a relatively short period of time. In three steps, this article examines what Southwest Airlines has done to reach this level of achievement and maintain its excellent employee and customer relations. First, the company is defined as “excellent” according to the criteria established by Peters and Waterman. Second, management‐employee relations, organizational training and strong leadership are identified as the sources of employee motivation. Third, loss of strong leadership and organizational structure are discussed as possible future problems influencing motivation and service. The article closes by pointing to Southwest Airline’s concept of service as the true source of motivation and excellence.

Purpose: This paper studies the Bonferroni (B) and De Vergottini (V) inequality measures, evaluating their differences and similarities, both normatively and statistically.

Design: We highlight the similarities of these two indices with the well-known Gini index (G) and use the AKS [Atkinson (1970), Kolm (1976), Sen (1973)] approach to relate social welfare functions and inequalities indices. In addition, we propose two formulations for relative deprivation, alternative to Yitzhaki (1979) and Hey and Lambert (1980) approach.

Findings: The three indices belong to the same family and introduce different and, in some sense, complementary value judgments in the measurement of inequality and welfare; each of them evaluates in a different way the local inequality in the income distribution. The three indices present inequality aversion (satisfy the Pigou-Dalton Principle of Transfers). But only B satisfies the Principle of Positional Transfer Sensitivity. The three absolute indices are interpreted as measures of the mean social deprivation starting from different definitions of individual deprivation.

Originality: The originality of this paper lies in the joint use of the three indices in the measurement of inequality, welfare, and deprivation. We apply these indices to obtain rankings of the European Union countries, using the European Community Household Panel data (2000). A sensitivity analysis of the rankings to different equivalence scales is also included.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the two-dimensional blood flow in the artery slant from the axis at an angle with mild stenosis under the joint effects of the electro-osmotic, magnetic field, chemical reaction and porosity using a new analytical method. In addition, the mathematical model presented by the researchers Tripathi and Sharma (2018c) was successfully developed by adding the effect of electro-osmosis and studying the impact of the new addition in the developed model on blood flow.

A new analytical method was used to find the analytical approximate solutions of two-dimensional blood flow in artery slant from the axis at an angle with mild stenosis. This technique is based on integrating the Akbari-Ganji and the homotopy perturbation methods.

The results of axial velocity, concentration, temperature and the wall shear stress for blood flow were analyzed in the cases of the absence and presence of electro-osmosis. Furthermore, in these two states of electro-osmosis, a contour plot was created to show the difference in the profile of velocity to the flow of blood when the magnetic field was increased and the altitude of stenosis was increased. The results showed that the new technique is effective and has high accuracy to determine the analytical approximate solutions of two-dimensional blood flow in artery slant from the axis at an angle with mild stenosis. The validity, utility and necessity of the new method were illustrated from the graphs of the new solutions; in addition, there is an excellent agreement with the results of previous studies.

This paper focuses on developing the mathematical model which was presented by the researchers Tripathi and Sharma (2018c), by adding the effect of the electro-osmosis to it, which has been successfully developed. According to the authors’ modest information, the new system has not been studied before. This current problem is solved by using an innovative approach known as the Akbari-Ganji homotopy perturbation method (AGHPM) which has not been used before in two cases: the presence and absence of the effect of electro-osmosis. This new technique afford new with effective and has high accuracy results. Furthermore, the new study (i.e. adding effect of electro-osmosis) with the applications of (variable viscosity, magnetic field, chemical reaction and porosity) illustrated the importance of applying electro-osmosis and how doctors can benefit from it during surgeries through proper use.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the order strategies of investors, in particular their use of intermarket sweep orders (ISOs), in response to a short‐lived information event.

This paper uses a natural experiment on September 8, 2008, in which a 2002 bankruptcy story of United Airlines erroneously reappears through Bloomberg terminals and cause significant price changes on the stock. The authors first provide the background information of this natural experiment and use bootstrapping methods and regression analyses to examine investors' use of intermarket sweep orders.

The results show that investors use intermarket sweep orders, a unique type of liquidity‐demanding limit orders, in attempts to exploit their short‐lived information. In particular, those investors show aggressiveness not only in trade speed but also in trade size. These findings support the hypothesis that investors with short‐lived information demand immediacy to conserve the value of their information.

The results suggest that investors on the demand side of liquidity dynamically trade off the potential adverse impact of trade‐throughs with the speed their trades are executed. How limit order traders on the supply side or liquidity suppliers in general adjust to the demand‐side dynamics remains a future research direction.

This paper highlights the fragility of information transmission in financial markets and suggests that the use of intermarket sweep orders could possibly magnify the impacts of erroneous information.

Using a natural experiment, this paper provides the first piece of empirical evidence on the use of intermarket sweep orders when investors possess short‐lived information.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of brand preference on the relationship between bank advertising and customer loyalty in Ghana’s banking industry.

A total number of 600 respondents participated in the study. Convenient sampling technique was employed to select a cross-section of customers from the universal banks currently operating in Ghana. Structural equation modeling technique of PLS was used to test the nature of relationships in the research hypotheses.

The study found a significant positive relationship between advertising effectiveness and brand preference. Also, there is a significant positive relationship between advertising and customer loyalty. Again, there is a significant positive relationship between brand preference and customer loyalty. Finally, brand preference positive mediates the relationships between advertising and customer loyalty.

The study provides a useful guide to strategy and policy formulation in marketing communication by establishing the potential viability of advertising strategy in bank marketing and its potential to generate brand preference and customer loyalty.

The study has practical implication for, and relevance not only to the banking industry communication strategy but also the entire financial services industry.

There are two views of the European Union which appear at initial reading to be different from each other. The first is a vision of a free‐trading group, a Europe of nations, and the second is a vision of a European nation‐state. In the calculations of gains and losses, the former is often regarded as a problem in economics and the latter is treated as a problem in politics. Argues that this dichotomy is erroneous. The degree of liberalization in trade between nations is limited by the degree of residual sovereignty left in the nation‐states. Institutional differences are accentuated if the economic and political institutions of member countries do not converge. These institutional differences are often ignored in calculations about the gains from integration in pronouncements emanating from Brussels. Illustrates the above point by raising issues which are specific to trade in financial services.

The purpose of this paper is to show that the environmental income drives economic growth of a large open country.

The authors detect that the relative environmental income has double effect of “conspicuous consumption” on the international renewable resource stock changes when a new social norm shapes to environmental-friendly behaviors by using normal macroeconomic approaches.

Every unit of extra demand for renewable resource consumption increases the net premium of domestic capital asset. Even if the technology spillovers are inefficient to the substitution of capital to labor force in a real business cycle, the relative income with scale effect increases drives savings to investment. In this case, the renewable resource consumption promotes both the reproduction to a higher level and saving the potential cost of environmental improvement. Even if without scale effects, the loss of technology inefficient can be compensated by net positive consumption externality for economic growth in a sustainable manner.

It implies how to earn the environment income determines the future pathway of China’s rural conversion to the era of eco-urbanization.

We test the tax incidence to demonstrate an experimental taxation for environmental improvement ultimately burdens on international consumption side.

The study addresses the effect of product usage, satisfaction derived out of the same and the brand switching behaviour in several product categories while looking at the product involvement level in the Indian marketplace. A fair amount of work has been done in the area of customer satisfaction and loyalty and many customer satisfaction indexes are available in the market using different variables and characteristics. The study attempts to understand the brand switching behaviour of the customers and its relation not with just satisfaction derived out of the product but also connects to the usage pattern of the customers and product involvement. Five categories (vehicles, television, soap, hair oil, and ice cream), involving varying levels of involvement were chosen. Cluster analysis was used to understand the grouping of the characteristics across the categories and their effect on brand switching behaviour in correlation with satisfaction and involvement level. It was observed that product usage and related level of satisfaction fail to explain the brand switching behaviour. Product involvement was found to have moderate impact on readiness to switch. The study emphasises that marketers will have to keep a constant eye to understand the usage pattern associated with their products and the satisfaction derived out of it and also at how customers involve themselves with the product to lessen the brand switching behaviour among their customers.

The present study investigates information-sharing behaviour and awareness of students towards the infringement of copyright and associated rights while information sharing. The purpose of this study is to seek answers to the issue of whether or not students infringe on the rights of others and, if they do, whether they do so deliberately or unwittingly. Even though the Copyright Act and copyrighted works are often disregarded, students, teachers and peers are long-term trading and adapting new e-resources for their use.

The study collected data from students in India through a survey using Google Forms from January 2022 to May 2022. It analysed it using SPSS software to identify behaviour patterns, trends and factors influencing actions and awareness regarding potential copyright issues during data sharing.

The study finds that many students in India engage in copyright infringement, either deliberately or unwittingly. Many students are unaware of copyright laws and regulations and do not understand the consequences of their actions.

The study’s findings are limited to students in Tamil Nadu, India, and may not represent students in other countries or regions. The findings can inform policies and educational programmes that promote ethical and legal behaviour among students and help reduce the incidence of copyright infringement.

This study’s originality and value stem from its unique approach of merging information sharing, seeking and copyright concepts.

This study aims to examine the nexus among financial inclusion, legislative corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the financial performance of banking companies in India.

The study uses the fixed-effect model to measure the impact of financial inclusion on the financial performance of banks listed in the Bank Nifty Index from 2015 to 2022. Furthermore, it examines the interaction effect of legislative CSR and financial inclusion on the performance of banks.

The study shows that financial inclusion indicators positively affect financial performance, which is critical for banking institutions. Empirically, the study provides evidence that legislative CSR is a significant moderator that can influence the relationship between financial inclusion and the financial performance of banks.

The emerging nations may concentrate on implementing legislative CSR spending to achieve economic value for their firms and societal responsibility toward stakeholders.

As per the authors’ collective knowledge, this study is the one that extends the empirical evidence that the legislative CSR is a potential moderator which influences the relationship between financial inclusion and the performance of banks.