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Statistics show that selecting the best investment program based on both cost and effectiveness can avoid financial losses. However, investment evaluation of a power transformer is full of uncertainty as it is hard to obtain accurate and useful cost-effectiveness results. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to establish an investment evaluation model.

The cost-effectiveness evaluation model in this study used grey correlation analysis for the power transformer selection based on life cycle cost (LCC). Indices of cost and effectiveness factors were chosen to form a three-level index system including quantitative and qualitative factors. Evidential reasoning was applied to quantify the qualitative indexes. Grey correlation analysis was applied to select the best investment program.

The results from this study show that the proposed approach is effective and offers a new approach to evaluating transformer investment.

The model was applied to an investing decision-making problem of the transformer in a new substation in Wuhan, China.

It is very important to select the best transformer program in the candidate investment programs because the investment program decides almost 70 percent of the LCC of the power transformer.

The purpose of this paper is to explore how the Chaozhou-speaking communities in northeast Guangdong Province dealt with new barriers of border control during the 1950s, and how they circumvented these institutional obstacles to leave China for Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. The emigration process was reshaped by new social and political forces in Maoist China. How did the Chaoshan people apply for the travel permit to leave China? How did they enter the hosting countries? How did the emigration experience influence the identity formation of Chaoshan Chinese in the 1950s?

This paper draws on archival sources, memoirs and interviews to demonstrate the ways in which Chaoshan people pursued new strategies of emigration during the 1950s.

In Maoist China, the application for an entry-exit permit was a rather complicated bureaucratic process for ordinary people. One needs to consider the class status, geographical origins and overseas connections of the applicants as well as the changing official policies toward overseas Chinese.

This paper emphasizes on the impacts of emigration experience on the identity formation of Chaoshan people and the incremental transformation of these emigrant communities in Guangdong Province.

This scholarly finding throws light on the transformation of Chaoshan from a fluid, mobile maritime environment to an increasingly state-centric agrarian society during the 1950s.

This paper is an original scholarly study of the history of Chaoshan communities in South China and their emigration to Southeast Asia.