Ruijie Jin, Xiaoxian Jiang and Ao Shen
This study aims to examine the effect of independent directors on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) gap – a misalignment between internal and external CSR. More…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of independent directors on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) gap – a misalignment between internal and external CSR. More specifically, the authors investigate how two types of independent directors (i.e. politically connected and foreign) affect a firm’s CSR gap in China.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the fixed-effects regression model to analyze the panel dataset, which is conducted by a sample of Chinese publicly listed firms from 2008 to 2015.
Findings
The findings indicate that, on average, firms undertake more external than internal CSR actions. Importantly, the authors find that firms having politically connected independent directors on boards have a wider gap between their internal and external CSR. In contrast, firms having foreign independent directors on boards have a narrower gap between their internal and external CSR.
Practical implications
This study provides insights into the role of independent directors in increasing or decreasing the gap between a firm’s internal and external CSR actions, which offers important implications for policymakers and investors.
Originality/value
This study extends the literature on the causes of the CSR gap and deepens the theoretical understanding of the governance role of independent directors in China.
Details
Keywords
Long Sun, Chengjie Jin, Xiaodong Tang, Kexin Cao, Songquan Wang and Ningning Hu
The purpose of this paper is to solve the abrupt deterioration of lubricant performance in high-temperature conditions.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to solve the abrupt deterioration of lubricant performance in high-temperature conditions.
Design/methodology/approach
Three silver pyrazolyl methyl pyridine complexes with different morphologies were synthesized. A four-ball tribometer was used to assess the tribological characteristics as an additive for pentaerythritol oleate both independently and compound with 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide.
Findings
The results showed that when silver complexes and ionic liquids (IL) act independently, sheet silver complex 1 and rod silver complex 2 exhibit good lubricating performance; the optimal antifriction concentration of the ILs is 0.25 Wt.%. The tribological results of the compounds additive of ILs and silver complexes indicate that the wear scar diameter of compound 1 decreased by 16.914%, the wear volume reduced by 7.44% and the lubrication effect surpassed that of the two substances individually; rod compound 2 exhibited an antagonistic effect, intensifying wear; compound 3’s lubrication effect fell between that of the two individual components.
Originality/value
The compound of sheet silver complexes and ILs effectively solves the agglomeration problem of micro/nano lubricant additives. When the interface fails, self-repair is completed, improving the stability and antiwear performance of the lubricating oil.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-04-2024-0128
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Keywords
Xiuheng Zhang, Ningning Hu, Tianchi Chen and Songquan Wang
This study aims to prevent the sharp decline in the load-carrying capacity of lubricating oil film under harsh conditions of abrupt changes in friction interface temperature…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to prevent the sharp decline in the load-carrying capacity of lubricating oil film under harsh conditions of abrupt changes in friction interface temperature, which is a major challenge in lubrication technology.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, we synthesized a series of silver pyrazole methylpyridine complexes containing a high metal concentration and minimal supporting organic ligands (complex 1 [Ag(LMe)]2(BF4)2, complex 2 [Ag(Li-Pr)n](BF4)n and complex 3 [Ag(LMe)(NO3)]2). The thermal decompose behavior of as-prepared silver complex was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). Four-ball friction testers were used to evaluate the friction and wear properties of lubricating oil in the temperature ranges associated with the operation of modern heavy machinery.
Findings
The complex decomposed silver particles at high-temperature, which could fill the pits on the friction surface, change the wear form of the friction pair and reduce the roughness of the friction surface. Reduction in both friction coefficients and wear scar diameters was obtained by adding silver complexes in oil. The lubricating oil, with the additive content of 1.5 Wt.%, has the best tribological performance, moreover, the lubricating performance of the silver complexes in oil were correlated with their concentration and thermal decomposed temperatures, respectively.
Originality/value
As a result, a series of silver pyrazole methylpyridine complexes as oil additives can support friction and wear reduction under abrupt high-temperature conditions are intended to be a controllable backup lubricant additive.