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Article
Publication date: 3 December 2021

Sílvia Monteiro Fonseca, Sara Faria, Sónia Cunha, Márcio Silva, M. Joaquina Ramos, Guilherme Azevedo, Rui Campos, António Ruão Barbosa and Cristina Queirós

This study aims to explore patterns of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel's mental health, regarding their levels of anxiety, depression, stress, COVID-19 anxiety…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to explore patterns of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel's mental health, regarding their levels of anxiety, depression, stress, COVID-19 anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and well-being; and to explore variables that contribute to these patterns, among sociodemographic/professional and COVID-19 experience variables.

Design/methodology/approach

Participants were 214 EMS personnel, who answered the Patient-Health Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, COVID-19 Anxiety Scale, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, Well-Being Questionnaire and COVID-19 related questions.

Findings

EMS personnel showed an adequate psychological adjustment during COVID-19. Two clusters/patterns were found: the poorly (34%) and the well (66%) psychologically-adjusted. Personnel's age, COVID-19 fear and workplace security measures' adequacy contributed to which pattern they were more likely to belong to.

Research limitations/implications

Despite being cross-sectional and not controlling for pre-COVID-19 data, this study adds to the COVID-19 literature. Findings call for the need to explore: other COVID-19 fears; how personnel perceive workplace security measures; COVID-19 valid instruments; pre-COVID-19 data; and mental health patterns with different rescuers.

Practical implications

Findings explored EMS personnel's patterns of mental health during the COVID-19, as well as its covariates. Results allow to better prepare emergency management, which can develop prevention strategies focused on older professionals, COVID-19 related fears and how personnel assess security measures.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the scarce literature focused on COVID-19 mental health patterns instead of focussing on isolated mental health variables, as well as what contributes to these patterns. Moreover, it is one of the few studies that focused on EMS personnel rather than hospital staff.

Details

International Journal of Emergency Services, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2047-0894

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Publication date: 24 June 2024

Noel Scott, Brent Moyle, Jianyu Ma, Ana Cláudia Campos, Lynn I-Ling Chen, Dung Le, Liubov Skavronskaya, Shanshi Li, Rui Zhang, Shan Jiang, Lihua Gao and Arghavan Hadinejad

Effective experience design requires not only a knowledge of tourist goals, but an understanding of how these can be met in a particular tourism site. Research on experiences and…

Abstract

Effective experience design requires not only a knowledge of tourist goals, but an understanding of how these can be met in a particular tourism site. Research on experiences and experience design is supported by cognitive psychology concepts such as perception, attention, appraisal, emotion, consciousness, feelings and memory. However, these concepts are often used in a combination with others from sociology, social or environmental psychology in a manner that leads to confusion rather than clarity, without apparent understanding of the theoretical mechanisms by which these concepts are related. This chapter develops a series of propositions for potential application to tourism experience design. Future research should examine the efficacy of these propositions from cognitive psychology for tourism experience design.

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Cognitive Psychology and Tourism
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-579-0

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Article
Publication date: 30 June 2020

Zhiyong Li, Honglin Chen, Songshan (Sam) Huang, Phakcharee Wanichwasin and Rui Cui

Thailand has served as a major outbound tourist destination for Chinese tourists for decades. Behaviours demonstrated by Chinese tourists in Thailand are believed to have created…

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Abstract

Purpose

Thailand has served as a major outbound tourist destination for Chinese tourists for decades. Behaviours demonstrated by Chinese tourists in Thailand are believed to have created an image of Chinese outbound tourists among the residents and have impacted on the sustainability of Thai tourism. This study aims to contribute a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the image of Chinese outbound tourists from the perspective of Thai residents’.

Design/methodology/approach

In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 Thai residents who have frequent contact with Chinese tourists.

Findings

The results reveal that Thai residents’ perceptions of Chinese tourists include both positive and negative images. Positive images consist of being filial and friendly (e.g. taking good care of the elderly and having close emotional ties within their touring group) and being wealthy and auspicious (e.g. having a lot of money to spend and tipping generously). Negative images include moral norms (e.g. making loud noises and jumping into a queue), hygiene habits (e.g. littering and spitting) and religious culture (e.g. touching and climbing Buddha statues).

Originality/value

This qualitative research promotes the study of destination residents’ perceptions of tourists’ in the context of outbound tourism and enriches the application of social representation theory from the perspective of residents in the field of tourism marketing. It generates a more nuanced comprehension of Thai residents’ perceptions of Chinese tourists, contributes to the government’s formulation of guidelines for civilised tourism and has benefits to the sustainable development of tourism destinations.

泰国居民对中国游客的形象感知

摘要

目的

几十年来, 泰国一直是中国游客的主要出境旅游目的地。中国游客在泰国表现出的行为在居民中创造了中国出境游客的形象, 并影响了泰国旅游业的可持续性。这项研究旨在从泰国居民的感知出发, 对中国出境游客的形象进行更全面、细致的了解。

设计/方法/方法

对15位经常与中国游客接触的泰国居民进行了深入访谈。

结果

结果表明, 泰国居民对中国游客形象的感知既包括正面形象也包括负面形象。正面的形象包括孝顺和友善(例如, 照顾老人, 并在其旅行团中保持紧密的情感联系), 富有和吉祥(例如, 有很多钱可花, 并慷慨地付小费), 而负面的形象则包括道德规范(例如, 大声喧哗, 并插队), 卫生习惯(例如, 乱扔垃圾和随地吐痰)以及宗教文化(例如, 触摸和爬到佛像上)。

独创性/价值

这项定性研究弥补了出境旅游背景下目的地居民对游客形象的感知的差距, 并且从居民的角度出发丰富了社会表象理论在旅游营销领域的应用。它使泰国居民对中国游客的认识更加细致, 有助于政府制定有针对性的文明旅游指导方针, 有利于旅游目的地未来的可持续发展。

Percepción de los residents tailandeses sobre el comportamiento de los turistas chinos

Objetivo

Por décadas, Tailandia ha sido un principal destino tulístico de turismo emisor para los turistas chinos.El comportamiento de los turistas chinos en Tailandia ha impresionado las imagenes de los turistas chinos emisores a los habitantes, y ha afectado la sostenibilidad de la industria turística de Tailandia. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo comenzar con la percepción de los habitantes tailandeses para conocer una comprensión más completa y detallada de las imagenes de los turistas chinos emisores.

Diseñar/Manera/Manera

Entrevisitar en profundidad a 15 habitantes tailandeses que a menudo contactan con los turistas chinos.

Resultado

Los resultados muestran, las percepciones de los habitantes tailandeses de las imagenes de los turistas chinos contienen las imagenes positivas y negativas. Los imágenes positivas incluyen fiedad filial y amabilidad (por ejemplo, cuida a los ancianos y mantiene una estrecha conexión emocional con su grupo de viaje), riqueza y buena suerte (Por ejemplo, tiene mucho dinero para gastar y propina generosa.) pero las imagenes negativas incluyen las normas étias (por ejemplo, hace ruido fuerte y corta en línea.) los hábitos de higienes (por ejemplo, tira basura al azar y escupiendo por todas partes.) y cultura religiosa (por ejemplo, toca y trepa los estatuas de Buda.)

Originalidad/Valor

Esta investigación cualitativa cierra la brecha en los percepciones de los habitantes de desino de las imagenes de turistas en el contexto del turisimo emisor y comenza con los aspectos de los habitantes enriquece la aplicación de la teoría de la representación social en el campo de marketing turístico. Deja los habitantes tailanteses conocer a los turistas chinos más detallada y ayuda al gobierno a desarrollar pautas específicas de turismo civilizado y es benificioso para el futuro desarrollo sostenible de los destinos turísticos.

Details

Tourism Review, vol. 76 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1660-5373

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Article
Publication date: 19 June 2017

Liubov Skavronskaya, Noel Scott, Brent Moyle, Dung Le, Arghavan Hadinejad, Rui Zhang, Sarah Gardiner, Alexandra Coghlan and Aishath Shakeela

This review aims to discuss concepts and theories from cognitive psychology, identifies tourism studies applying them and discusses key areas for future research. The paper aims…

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Abstract

Purpose

This review aims to discuss concepts and theories from cognitive psychology, identifies tourism studies applying them and discusses key areas for future research. The paper aims to demonstrate the usefulness of cognitive psychology for understanding why tourists and particularly pleasure travellers demonstrate the behaviour they exhibit.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper reviews 165 papers from the cognitive psychology and literature regarding pleasure travel related to consciousness, mindfulness, flow, retrospection, prospection, attention, schema and memory, feelings and emotions. The papers are chosen to demonstrate the state of the art of the literature and provide guidance on how these concepts are vital for further research.

Findings

The paper demonstrates that research has favoured a behaviourist rather than cognitive approach to the study of hedonic travel. Cognitive psychology can help to understand the mental processes connecting perception of stimuli with behaviour. Numerous examples are provided: top-down and bottom-up attention processes help to understand advertising effectiveness, theories of consciousness and memory processes help to distinguish between lived and recalled experience, cognitive appraisal theory predicts the emotion elicited based on a small number of appraisal dimensions such as surprise and goals, knowledge of the mental organisation of autobiographical memory and schema support understanding of destination image formation and change and the effect of storytelling on decision-making, reconstructive bias in prospection or retrospection about a holiday inform the study of pleasurable experience. These findings indicate need for further cognitive psychology research in tourism generally and studies of holiday travel experiences.

Research limitations/implications

This review is limited to cognitive psychology and excludes psychoanalytic studies.

Practical implications

Cognitive psychology provides insight into key areas of practical importance. In general, the use of a cognitive approach allows further understanding of leisure tourists’ behaviour. The concept of attention is vital to understand destination advertising effectiveness, biases in memory process help to understand visitor satisfaction and experience design and so on. Use of cognitive psychology theory will lead to better practical outcomes for tourists seeking pleasurable experiences and destination managers.

Originality value

This is the first review that examines the application of concepts from cognitive psychology to the study of leisure tourism in particular. The concepts studied are also applicable to study of travellers generally.

Details

Tourism Review, vol. 72 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1660-5373

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Article
Publication date: 15 June 2015

Rui Couto, António Manuel Nestor Ribeiro and José Francisco Creissac Freitas de Campos

This paper aims to present the Modelery, a platform for collaborative repository to support model-based software development. The Modelery is a Web platform, composed both by a…

311

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present the Modelery, a platform for collaborative repository to support model-based software development. The Modelery is a Web platform, composed both by a Web page and Web services for interoperability.

Design/methodology/approach

By performing a study in the existing platforms, it was possible to achieve a set of issues to tackle. The issues enabled the possibility to define a set of requirements that allowed the authors to design a new platform, and to perform a model-driven software development process, which started from the requirements until reaching the final software solution.

Findings

With this work, it was possible to perform a survey on the currently available artifacts repositories, categorize them and identify their shortcomings. This was essential to define the set of requirements for a new platform to overcome the identified issues. This process leads to a platform able to improve the currently available solutions, and validated in the scientific community. In this paper, the authors also explore the applications of the repository. First, they use the Modelery to replace an older model’s repository. Second, they have enabled the communication between other tools and the Modelery via Web services.

Originality/value

This work presents a new Web repository for software artifacts aimed at supporting researchers and software developers. The presented platform is an improvement over other platforms on the integration of artifacts repository, social functionalities and scientific publications integration. The authors conclude this paper by comparing the achieved platform in terms of functionalities, against the other analyzed platforms.

Details

International Journal of Web Information Systems, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1744-0084

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Article
Publication date: 18 October 2023

Joana Andrade, Hugo Gomes, Rui Gonçalves and Andreia Castro-Rodrigues

Remand prisoners (RPs) are known to be in a more vulnerable situation than those already convicted. Beyond the difficulties to adapt to the prison, RP also tend to experience…

49

Abstract

Purpose

Remand prisoners (RPs) are known to be in a more vulnerable situation than those already convicted. Beyond the difficulties to adapt to the prison, RP also tend to experience tough circumstances due to the uncertainty of their future. This study aims to further test the psychometric properties of the Suicide Concerns for Offenders in the Prison Environment (SCOPE-2) in a sample of RP.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors have carried out a confirmatory factor analysis to test the psychometric qualities of the SCOPE-2. The authors tested the originally proposed two-factor structure composed of two subscales: optimism and protective self-worth. Also, the authors examined internal consistency through Cronbach’s alphas. Convergent validity was tested by correlational analyses between SCOPE-2 subscales and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) total scores. Finally, the authors have tested known-groups validity by carrying out discriminant analysis by testing the SCOPE-2 subscales’ ability to predict belonging to a group with previous suicide attempts.

Findings

The confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable model fit, even though the subscale “Protective self-worth” presented a less acceptable fit. The correlation analysis supported the convergent validity of the SCOPE-2. Both the “Optimism” and “Protective self-worth” subscales showed a positive correlation with the total scores of BSI. Finally, the Portuguese version of SCOPE-2 also showed known groups validity. Concretely, the “Optimism” scores revealed an acceptable predictive accuracy.

Practical implications

This study embraces important contributions to the practice as it was the first study to validate a measure to assess vulnerability for suicide and self-harm in male and female RP.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this was the first study to validate an instrument to assess vulnerability for suicide and self-harm in both male and female pretrial detainees. Knowing their particular case, as well as the lack of responses for these individuals, it is particularly important to access suicide concerns that could precede suicide attempts.

Details

The Journal of Forensic Practice, vol. 25 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2050-8794

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Article
Publication date: 28 June 2021

Denise Luciana Rieg, Rui M.M. Lima, Diana Mesquita, Fernando Cezar Leandro Scramim and Octavio Mattasoglio Neto

The purpose of this paper is to implement and evaluate active learning strategies to support engineering students in the development of research competences, contributing to the…

265

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to implement and evaluate active learning strategies to support engineering students in the development of research competences, contributing to the growing need for a closer relationship between research and teaching.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was developed using an action research approach. The data were collected through observations, questionnaire and focus group in order to evaluate the active learning strategies used in the context of the study, based on students' perceptions.

Findings

The results show that the implementation of active learning strategies, such as research-based learning and think-pair-share enhance the development of research competences, namely critical thinking and written communication. Additionally, this approach enables students to develop further their capstone projects, using the standards demanded in research process.

Research limitations/implications

The study was based mainly on teacher's observation and the participants are undergraduate engineering students enrolled in the course “Scientific Methodology” during 1 academic year.

Practical implications

Two levels of implications can be identified in this study: (1) for teachers' practice, who can adapt the step-by-step descriptions of the implemented approaches and (2) for research, contributing to the discussion about how to explore the teaching-research relationship in undergraduate courses.

Originality/value

The course of “Scientific Methodology” is part of the curricular structure of most undergraduate engineering programs offered by Brazilian Higher Education Institutions, and this study is a contribution for the improvement of knowledge on how this course may be conducted in an effective and engaging way.

Details

Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, vol. 14 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2050-7003

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Book part
Publication date: 4 December 2024

Elisabeth Kastenholz and Mariana Carvalho

Rural tourism has become increasingly popular given its opportunities to get to know local traditions and lifestyles, to immerse in appealing cultural and natural landscapes and…

Abstract

Rural tourism has become increasingly popular given its opportunities to get to know local traditions and lifestyles, to immerse in appealing cultural and natural landscapes and to enjoy a calm and relaxing atmosphere, contrasting stressful city life. Additionally, visitors seek personalised, unique and memorable experiences and immersion in rural places, which could be fostered by co-creative and authentic multisensory experiences. The co-creation of value resulting from tourists' interaction with rural destinations' multiple local agents and resources calls for articulation and even coopetition amongst these agents who may benefit from joining efforts to compete not against each other but together within a wider competitive context to, thus, achieve a stronger, unique market position. This chapter presents a qualitative, exploratory case study, illustrating the overall rural tourist experience lived and co-created in a Portuguese schist village. Semi-structured interviews were applied to visitors, supply and development agents and to the local community in order to understand their perspective regarding the nature, quality and potential of the village experience. Experience co-creation seemed to have a positive impact on visitors' satisfaction. The coopetition approach was also identified in the discourse of supply and development agents who recognised the importance of cooperation, also within the Schist Village Network yielding a more cohesive and attractive tourism product in the village. Aligning locally embedded co-creation experiences and coopetition amongst local actors seems to be a strategic approach for fostering appealing, competitive and sustainable rural tourism experiences.

Details

Value Proposition to Tourism Coopetition
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-827-4

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Publication date: 24 June 2024

Rui Zhang and Noel Scott

A schema is a concept used to describe the organisation of memory about an object. Schema are perceptual prototypes abstracted from numerous episodic events based on their…

Abstract

A schema is a concept used to describe the organisation of memory about an object. Schema are perceptual prototypes abstracted from numerous episodic events based on their similarities or commonalities. In tourism, a schema may be termed a network, mental model, social schema, stereotype, social role, script, worldview, heuristics or archetype. A schema is flexible. New information may be either assimilated or accommodated based on its degree of congruity. Schema incongruent information requires more mental effort to process. The concept is used in research on destination brand image, storytelling, social relationships, attitude change and transformation during travel. The concept is useful in discussion of the change to a sustainable worldview.

Details

Cognitive Psychology and Tourism
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-579-0

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Article
Publication date: 26 July 2024

Guilherme Fonseca Gonçalves, Rui Pedro Cardoso Coelho and Igor André Rodrigues Lopes

The purpose of this research is to establish a robust numerical framework for the calibration of macroscopic constitutive parameters, based on the analysis of polycrystalline RVEs…

87

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to establish a robust numerical framework for the calibration of macroscopic constitutive parameters, based on the analysis of polycrystalline RVEs with computational homogenisation.

Design/methodology/approach

This framework is composed of four building-blocks: (1) the multi-scale model, consisting of polycrystalline RVEs, where the grains are modelled with anisotropic crystal plasticity, and computational homogenisation to link the scales, (2) a set of loading cases to generate the reference responses, (3) the von Mises elasto-plastic model to be calibrated, and (4) the optimisation algorithms to solve the inverse identification problem. Several optimisation algorithms are assessed through a reference identification problem. Thereafter, different calibration strategies are tested. The accuracy of the calibrated models is evaluated by comparing their results against an FE2 model and experimental data.

Findings

In the initial tests, the LIPO optimiser performs the best. Good results accuracy is obtained with the calibrated constitutive models. The computing time needed by the FE2 simulations is 5 orders of magnitude larger, compared to the standard macroscopic simulations, demonstrating how this framework is suitable to obtain efficient micro-mechanics-informed constitutive models.

Originality/value

This contribution proposes a numerical framework, based on FE2 and macro-scale single element simulations, where the calibration of constitutive laws is informed by multi-scale analysis. The most efficient combination of optimisation algorithm and definition of the objective function is studied, and the robustness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by validation with both numerical and experimental data.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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