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Many studies show that incarcerated populations have higher rates of problem drug use than the general population. The purpose of this paper is to analyse trends in addiction treatment demand in prisons in Ireland from 2009 to 2014 using available national surveillance data in order to identify any implications for practice and policy.

National surveillance data on treatment episodes for problem drug and alcohol use from 2009 to 2014, collected annually by the National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS), were analysed.

In total, 6 per cent of all treatment episodes recorded by the NDTRS between 2009 and 2014 were from prison services. The number of prison service treatment episodes increased from 964 in 2009 to 1,063 in 2014. Opiates were the main reason for treatment, followed by alcohol, cocaine and cannabis. The majority (94–98 per cent) of treatment episodes involved males (median age of 29 years) and low educational attainment, with 79.5–85.1 per cent leaving school before completion of second level. The percentage of treatment episodes with a history of ever injecting drugs increased from 20.9 per cent in 2009 to 31.0 per cent in 2014.

This study can help policy development and service planning in addiction treatment in prison as it provides an insight into the potential needs of incarcerated populations. It also provides a baseline from which to measure any changes in provision of treatment in prison over time.

This is the first study to analyse treatment episodes in prison using routine surveillance data in Ireland. Analysis of these data can provide useful information, not currently available elsewhere.

Self‐expression and business formation are not conventionally associated with each other. One is to do with art or psychology, the other with technique or economics. Yet in reality, the two processes are intimately associated. Business, like life itself, is an evolutionary process. As an enterprise unfolds, so the entrepreneur tells his tale. The better integrated the tale, the more naturally the business will unfold. This connection is at its clearest at the early stages, when the entrepreneur is managing the transition from employment, or unemployment, to employment of his or her self. In this paper I want to describe this transition, as experienced by one insightful entrepreneur, taking part in our action learning programme. The passages in italic type represent the thoughts and observations of Oliver Shirley, a trainee‐entrepreneur undergoing the URBED programme.

The purpose of this paper is to explore and explain the change process in Northern Ireland policing through an analysis of temporally bracketed change phases and key change delivery themes ranging from 1996 to 2012.

The research approach adopted is process based, longitudinal and multi-method, utilising “temporal bracketing” to determine phases of change and conjunctural reasoning to unravel the systematic factors interacting over time, within the case.

The paper identifies and temporally brackets four phases of change: “Tipping point”; “Implementation, Symbolic Modification and Resistance”; “Power Assisted Steering”; and “A Return to Turbulence”, identifies four themes that emerge from RUC-PSNI experience: the role of adaptive leadership; pace and sequencing of change implementation; sufficient resourcing; and the impact of external agents acting as boundary spanners, and comments on the prominence of these themes through the phases. The paper goes on to reflect upon how these phases and themes inform our understanding of organisational change within policing organisations generally and within politically pressurised transition processes.

The contribution of the paper lies in the documentation of an almost unique organisational case in an environmentally forced change process. In this it contains lessons for other organisations facing similar, if less extreme challenges and presents an example of intense change analysed longitudinally.

Based on a series of thoughts, heavily influenced by the sun and rum, this paper attempts to synthesise a number of disparate influences including micro‐businesses in Barbados, marketing in rapid growth markets, mainstream texts, and creativity in marketing and in smaller firms. This journey is undertaken in order to seek inspiration for a theory of small firm marketing but questions are raised as to how far one all encompassing theory is either possible or desirable.