Ziqiang Han, Ivan Y. Sun and Rong Hu
The purpose of this paper is to assess the influences of social trust and neighborhood cohesion on public trust in the police in China.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess the influences of social trust and neighborhood cohesion on public trust in the police in China.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used survey data collected from roughly 5,600 respondents by the 2012 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). Multivariate regression was employed to analyze the effects of two forms of social trust, generalized trust and particularized trust, and three types of neighborhood cohesion, neighbor solidary, support and interaction, on public trust in the Chinese police, controlling for personal background characteristics.
Findings
Both generalized trust and particularized trust exerted a significant positive effect on trust in the Chinese police. Greater neighborhood cohesion also enhanced public trust in the police. Elderly, women, less educated and people with rural hukou and higher perceived social class were more likely to trust the police.
Research limitations/implications
The CGSS data contained only a single item that could be used to measure public trust in the police. Future studies should consider using multiple survey items to reflect Chinese people’s trust from different conceptual dimensions, such as procedural- and outcome-based trust and police legitimacy. The CGSS data also did not contain information on some relevant predictors, such as victimization and fear of crime, personal and vicarious contact experiences with the police, and news and social media usage and exposure. Future studies, if possible, should incorporate these theoretically relevant and empirically proven variables into the analysis.
Practical implications
Improving neighborhood cohesion is a clear path to cultivate stronger public trust in the police. Policy-makers and officials must bring the neighborhood-centered approach back to local governance by working closely with police leaders and other private and parochial social institutions to launch programs that can effectively stabilize and strengthen local communities and actively promoting positive interactions and social bonds among residents. Policies and programs aimed at enhancing public trust in the police should target at younger, better educated and urban Chinese who are more likely to be critical of the police.
Originality/value
Despite their high relevance, social trust and neighborhood cohesion have received only limited attention in past research on Chinese attitudes toward the police. This study represents one of the first attempts to examine different forms of social trust and neighborhood cohesion on public trust in the police in China.
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Abstract
Purpose
Public cooperation with the police is of great significance in the maintenance of social security and social harmony, but studies investigating the mechanisms of public cooperation with the police in China are scarce. Using survey data obtained from Xiamen, China, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of social capital on willingness to cooperate with the police and their mediating mechanisms.
Design/methodology/approach
Data with 938 respondents were used in this study. Ordinary least squares regression models were used to test the influence of social capital on the willingness of the Chinese public to cooperate with the police and its mediating mechanisms.
Findings
The results show that associational life participation, social trust and neighborhood cohesion can all enhance public willingness to cooperate with the police by cultivating public spirit or trust in government, whereas participation in community collective resistance is negatively correlated with willingness to cooperate with the police. Theoretical explanations are offered to understand different effects of social capital elements on public cooperation with the police, and possible ways to foster such cooperation are discussed.
Originality/value
This paper takes the lead in examining the effects of social capital on willingness to cooperate with the police and their mediating mechanisms in China.
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Zhongcai Shao, Feifei Zhang, Zhiqiang Cai and Rong Hu
The purpose of the investigation was to research the best process of electroless nickel (EN) plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy and the performance of EN plating coating.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the investigation was to research the best process of electroless nickel (EN) plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy and the performance of EN plating coating.
Design/methodology/approach
Through single factor test and orthogonal test, EN plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy was researched. The plating rate and porosity were analyzed. The coating appearance of EN plating coating and magnesium alloy substrate was evaluated. The electrochemical properties of EN plating coating and substrate were researched using electrochemical workstation, and their compositions and structure were examined using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
Findings
The results made by combination of experimental and orthogonal test showed that the best formula of EN plating was 8.8 g·L−1 nickel ion, 25 g·L−1 lactic acid, 28 g·L−1 reducing agent, 1.8 ml·L−1 corrosion inhibitor, 1 mg·L−1 stabilizer, temperature at 85°C and pH value at 5.5. The plating was uniform, dense and with no cracks. The electrochemical tests showed that the corrosion resistance of EN plating was better than that of magnesium alloy substrate.
Originality/value
The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy improved markedly after EN plating at the best formula and the plating covered magnesium alloy completely.
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Shasha Deng, Xuan Cheng and Rong Hu
As convenience and anonymity, people with mental illness are increasingly willing to communicate and share information through social media platforms to receive emotional and…
Abstract
Purpose
As convenience and anonymity, people with mental illness are increasingly willing to communicate and share information through social media platforms to receive emotional and spiritual support. The purpose of this paper is to identify the degree of depression based on people's behavioral patterns and discussion content on the Internet.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on the previous studies on depression, the severity of depression is divided into four categories: no significant depressive symptoms, mild MDD, moderate MDD and severe MDD, and defined each of them. Next, in order to automatically identify the severity, the authors proposed social media digital cues to identify the severity of depression, which include textual lexical features, depressive language features and social behavioral features. Finally, the authors evaluate a system that is developed based on social media digital cues in the experiment using social media data.
Findings
The social media digital cues including textual lexical features, depressive language features and social behavioral features (F1, F2 and F3) is the relatively best one to classify four different levels of depression.
Originality/value
This paper innovatively proposes a social media data-based framework (SMDF) to identify and predict different degrees of depression through social media digital cues and evaluates the accuracy of the detection through social media data, providing useful attempts for the identification and intervention of depression.
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Arho Suominen, Marko Seppänen and Ozgur Dedehayir
The ecosystem perspective on innovation and business has emerged as the secret sauce of innovative organizations. While its theoretical foundations are premised on innovation…
Abstract
Purpose
The ecosystem perspective on innovation and business has emerged as the secret sauce of innovative organizations. While its theoretical foundations are premised on innovation system literature, the broad adoption of the ecosystem concept has resulted in conceptual ambiguity. The purpose of this paper is to tackle the ambiguous use of innovation ecosystem terminology and structure a conceptual frame for the field, identifying definitions of an innovation ecosystem and how the concept has been established in previous literature.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper examines the ambiguous use of terminology by reviewing the literature with bibliometric coupling and co-citation analysis by which thematic differences in ecosystem literature were identified. The study gathered the scientific publications from Thomson Reuters Web of Sciences Core Collection (n=4,681) from 1990 to 2015.
Findings
Six major bibliometrically coupled clusters were identified, of which the three largest clusters are innovation system studies, regional innovation studies and technological innovation studies. In addition, further analysis shows an emerging cluster that is focused on ecosystems, having its roots in eight seminal papers. This ecosystem research cluster includes seven sub-clusters, such as innovation ecosystem studies, business ecosystem studies and studies focusing on ecosystem development.
Research limitations/implications
The authors’ approach highlights how a lot of recent ecosystem studies actually belong to previous, well-developed research streams. However, there is also a separate, emergent research stream that includes the innovation and ecosystem studies. As a research implication, the paper concludes by suggesting the research agenda for further studies.
Originality/value
Even though literature on innovation systems and ecosystems is extensive literature, no studies have captured the emergence of the ecosystems approach and its relation with the systems of innovation literature.
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Yongjiang Shi, Jialun Hu, David Tianxin Shang, Zheng Liu and Wei Zhang
In the past two decades, manufacturing has witnessed significant transformations alongside ecological challenges. Meanwhile, industrial 4.0 digital technologies have accelerated…
Abstract
Purpose
In the past two decades, manufacturing has witnessed significant transformations alongside ecological challenges. Meanwhile, industrial 4.0 digital technologies have accelerated industrialisation with potentials of innovation in the context of circular economy. However, current concepts and models are fragmented and impractical. This paper aims to develop a holistic view integrating the three bodies of knowledge – industrialisation, ecologicalisation and digitalisation (IED) – in order to achieve sustainable development.
Design/methodology/approach
Critical literature review is conducted across three bodies of knowledge. Key themes are summarised with the identification of research gaps. A theoretical framework is synthesised and developed aiming to achieve synergy from IED with the modules, integration architecture, mechanism and dynamic paths.
Findings
First, the authors review and develop three conceptual models of ecologicalised industrialisation (IE3), industrial system digitalisation (D1) and digital technology industrialisation (D2) separately. Second, the authors propose a theoretical framework seeking to synthesise the above three conceptual models together to form the IED. Third, the authors design a process orientated abductive approach to improve and validate the IED framework.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the limited literature addressing the linkage of IED by integration different perspectives to develop theory in a novel way. Practically, it provides important tools for organisations to consider resource cascading in combination with digitalisation during the industrial system design.
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Rong Hu and Hong‐shan Xia
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the chaotic dynamics behaviours and chaos control of differentiated Bertrand model.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the chaotic dynamics behaviours and chaos control of differentiated Bertrand model.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper analyzes a nonlinear differentiated Bertrand duopoly game by using the theory of bifurcations of dynamical system, where players have heterogeneous expectations and nonlinear cost function: two types of players are considered – bounded rational and naive expectation. The equilibrium point and local stability of the duopoly game are investigated.
Findings
The paper demonstrates that as some parameters of the game are varied, the stability of Nash equilibrium is lost through period doubling bifurcation. The chaotic features are justified numerically via computing Lyapunov exponents, and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. By using the delay feedback control method, the authors have made the system form chaotic state to stable state.
Originality/value
This paper fulfils an identified need to study the diversity of expectations and how to lead to rich dynamics and complexity.
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Huanren Zhang, Yimei Hu, Xianwei Shi and Yuchen Gao
Studies have documented the distinctive advantage of innovation ecosystems in integrating and recombining heterogeneous knowledge resources across firms' boundaries. However…
Abstract
Purpose
Studies have documented the distinctive advantage of innovation ecosystems in integrating and recombining heterogeneous knowledge resources across firms' boundaries. However, hierarchical governance in the form of vertical integration is still preferred in many industries for organizing innovation, and the current literature touches little on the relative performance of different organizational structures (integrated firms vs innovation ecosystem) and the factors that lead firms to choose one over the other. The authors conjecture that structure of technological interdependence is one of such important factors. Using a computational experiment, the authors compare the innovation performance of ecosystems with integrated firms under different interdependency structures.
Design/methodology/approach
Using the NKC model, the authors incorporate non-generic complementarities and modularity into the technological interdependence between different components. The authors compare four different types of technological interdependence (modular, hierarchical, nearly modular, and random).
Findings
The results show that integrated firms with centralized search demonstrate stable and consistent performance that is robust to the structure of technological interdependencies, but an ecosystem significantly outperforms integrated firms with centralized or decentralized when the products exhibit modular or nearly-modular structures.
Originality/value
This study sheds light on why an ecosystem often exhibits modular structures while vertical integration is prevalent in industries with complex technological interdependence. In addition, it shows the evolutionary nature of ecosystems and indicates how the cooperation and competition between actors shape the interdependence structure of ecosystems.
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This study explores the characteristics of high-speed rail (HSR) and air transportation networks in China based on the weighted complex network approach. Previous related studies…
Abstract
This study explores the characteristics of high-speed rail (HSR) and air transportation networks in China based on the weighted complex network approach. Previous related studies have largely implemented unweighted (binary) network analysis, or have constructed a weighted network, limited by unweighted centrality measures. This study applies weighted centrality measures (mean association [MA], triangle betweenness centrality [TBC], and weighted harmonic centrality [WHC]) to represent traffic dynamics in HSR and air transportation weighted networks, where nodes represent cities and links represent passenger traffic. The spatial distribution of centrality results is visualized by using ArcGIS 10.2. Moreover, we analyze the network robustness of HSR, air transportation, and multimodal networks by measuring weighted efficiency (WE) subjected to the highest weighted centrality node attacks. In the HSR network, centrality results show that cities with a higher MA are concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta; cities with a higher TBC are mostly provincial capitals or regional centers; and cities with a higher WHC are grouped in eastern and central regions. Furthermore, spatial differentiation of centrality results is found between HSR and air transportation networks. There is a little bit of difference in eastern cities; cities in the central region have complementary roles in HSR and air transportation networks, but air transport is still dominant in western cities. The robustness analysis results show that the multimodal network, which includes both airports and high-speed rail stations, has the best connectivity and shows robustness.
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Barbara Cozza and Rong Hu
This chapter frames a discussion on higher education values and their implementation globally, covering North America, Asia, Europe, and Africa. The authors present data on core…
Abstract
This chapter frames a discussion on higher education values and their implementation globally, covering North America, Asia, Europe, and Africa. The authors present data on core values through case studies to illustrate their application and interrelation in higher education institutions (HEIs). Data were collected from official HEI websites, including plans, resources, programs, projects, and reports. Using a multi-case qualitative study with direct content analysis, the researchers examined HEIs' core values, mission, and vision statements to assess their strategic decisions' effectiveness. Findings reveal that HEIs actively align their vision, mission, and core values with international frameworks, based on the UNESCO six principles for HEIs that integrate inclusion, academic freedom, inquiry and critical thinking, ethics, sustainability and social responsibility, and excellence through cooperation promoted by UNESCO (2022). An important finding in this study shows that HEIs are forces for moving HEI agendas from a traditional focus to a globalization and modernization perspective. The impact of this study provides insights to guide future researchers, educators, and policymakers in formulating effective policies that reinvent HEIs aligned with UNESCO's vision. Findings during the manifest stage and latent stage found that each HEI interpreted how the UNESCO core values connect to a specific HEI environment. These case studies are meant to give information to readers for understanding core values in different HEI systems and to gain an understanding of the similarities and differences in the application of these core values when considering globalization and modernization.