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Article
Publication date: 29 June 2022

Piyush Suresh Mundada, Che-Hao Yang and Roland K. Chen

The purpose of this study is to propose the use of a pre-deposition heating system for fused filament fabrication (FFF) as a means to enhance interlayer bonding by elevating the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to propose the use of a pre-deposition heating system for fused filament fabrication (FFF) as a means to enhance interlayer bonding by elevating the substrate temperature. The effects of the heating on thermal profile at the bonding interface and the mechanical properties of three-dimensional printed parts are investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

A 12-W laser head is integrated to a commercial printer as the pre-deposition heating system. The laser beam heats up substate before the deposition of a fresh filament. Effects of laser powers are investigated and the thermal profile is measured with thermocouple, infrared camera and finite element model. The correlation between the temperature at the bonding interface and the bonding quality is investigated by conducting tensile testing and neck width measurement with microscope.

Findings

The pre-deposition heating system is proven to be effective in enhancing the inter-layer strength in FFF parts. Tensile testing of specimens along build direction (Z) shows an increase of around 50% in ultimate strength. A linear relationship is observed between the pre-deposition temperature at bond interface and bonding strength. It is evident that elevating the pre-deposition temperature promotes interlayer polymer diffusion as shown by the increased neck width between layers.

Originality/value

Thermocouples that are sandwiched between layers are used to achieve accurate measurement of the interfacial temperature. The temperature profiles under pre-deposition heating are analyzed and correlated to the interlayer bonding strengths.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 29 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 16 January 2017

Yihao Zheng, Yancheng Wang, Roland K. Chen, Sagar Deshpande, Noah S. Nelson, Steven R. Buchman and Albert J. Shih

To obtain a vascularized autologous bone graft by in-vivo tissue transformation, a biocompatible tissue transformation mold (TTM) is needed. An ideal TTM is of high geometric…

524

Abstract

Purpose

To obtain a vascularized autologous bone graft by in-vivo tissue transformation, a biocompatible tissue transformation mold (TTM) is needed. An ideal TTM is of high geometric accuracy and X-ray radiolucent for monitoring the bone tissue formation. The purpose of this study is to present the TTM design and fabrication process, using 3D reconstruction, stereolithography (SLA) and silicone molding.

Design/methodology/approach

The rat mandible, the targeted bone graft, was scanned by micro-computed tomography (CT). From the micro-CT images, the 3D mandible model was identified and used as the cavity geometry to design the TTM. The TTM was fabricated by molding the biocompatible and radiolucent silicone in the SLA molds. This TTM was implanted in a rat for in vivo tests on its biocompatibility and X-ray radiolucency.

Findings

SLA can fabricate the TTM with a cavity shape that accurately replicates that of the rat mandible. The bone formation inside of the silicone TTM can be observed by X-ray. The TTM is feasible for in vivo tissue transformation for vascularized bone reconstruction.

Research limitations/implications

Research of the dimensional and geometrical accuracy of the TTM cavity is required in the future study of this process.

Practical implications

The TTM fabricated in this presented approach has been used for in-vivo tissue transformation. This technique can be implemented for bone reconstruction.

Originality/value

The precision fabrication of the TTMs for in-vivo tissue transformation into autogenous vascularized bone grafts with complex structures was achieved by using SLA, micro-CT and silicone molding.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Book part
Publication date: 22 November 2024

Ayat-Allah Bouramdane

In smart cities striving for innovation, development, and prosperity, hydrogen offers a promising path for decarbonization. However, its effective integration into the evolving…

Abstract

In smart cities striving for innovation, development, and prosperity, hydrogen offers a promising path for decarbonization. However, its effective integration into the evolving energy landscape requires understanding regional intricacies and identifying areas for improvement. This chapter examines hydrogen transport from production to utilization, evaluating technologies’ pros, cons, and process equations and using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) tool to assess these technologies based on multiple criteria. It also explores barriers and opportunities in hydrogen transport within the 21st-century energy transition, providing insights for overcoming challenges. Evaluation criteria for hydrogen transport technologies were ranked by relative importance, with energy efficiency topping the list, followed by energy density, infrastructure requirements, cost, range, and flexibility. Safety, technological maturity, scalability, and compatibility with existing infrastructure received lower weights. Hydrogen transport technologies were categorized into three performance levels: low, medium, and high. Hydrogen tube trailers ranked lowest, while chemical hydrides, hydrail, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, hydrogen pipelines, and hydrogen blending exhibited moderate performance. Compressed hydrogen gas, liquid hydrogen, ammonia carriers, and hydrogen fueling stations demonstrated the highest performance. The proposed framework is crucial for next-gen smart cities, cutting emissions, boosting growth, and speeding up development with a strong hydrogen infrastructure. This makes the region a sustainable tech leader, improving air quality and well-being. Aligned with Gulf Region goals, it is key for smart cities. Policymakers, industries, and researchers can use these insights to overcome barriers and seize hydrogen transport tech opportunities.

Details

The Emerald Handbook of Smart Cities in the Gulf Region: Innovation, Development, Transformation, and Prosperity for Vision 2040
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-292-7

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Book part
Publication date: 14 October 2009

Rune Elvik, Alena Høye, Truls Vaa and Michael Sørensen

Abstract

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The Handbook of Road Safety Measures
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84855-250-0

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Book part
Publication date: 1 May 2023

Xiaodan Li, Edward M. H. Lin and Min-Teh Yu

We employ three systemic risk measures of banks, including the systemic risk index (SRISK) and marginal expected shortfall (MES) of Brownlees and Engle (2017) and the conditional…

Abstract

We employ three systemic risk measures of banks, including the systemic risk index (SRISK) and marginal expected shortfall (MES) of Brownlees and Engle (2017) and the conditional Value-at-Risk (ΔCoVaR) of Adrian and Brunnermeier (2016), to analyze bank's exposure and contribution to systemic risk in the banking system when a financial crisis occurs. We find evidence that time-varying systemic risk exists, and systemic risk exposures escalate with the interconnectedness of banks. We also find revenue diversification is another significant factor that reduces a bank's exposure to systemic risk but not for banks in Taiwan and Singapore.

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Advances in Pacific Basin Business, Economics and Finance
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-401-7

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Book part
Publication date: 26 April 2022

Andreas Herrmann and Johann Jungwirth

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Inventing Mobility for All: Mastering Mobility-as-a-Service with Self-Driving Vehicles
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-176-8

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Book part
Publication date: 8 May 2019

Marcel Fafchamps

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Book part
Publication date: 24 June 2015

Wenxin Guo and Joseph A. Clougherty

We question whether the Chinese state has played an effective role in promoting outward foreign direct investment via its “Go Global” policies. Using the literature in…

Abstract

We question whether the Chinese state has played an effective role in promoting outward foreign direct investment via its “Go Global” policies. Using the literature in International Management as our framing, we observe three inter-related stylized realities. First, it is state-owned enterprises (SOEs) – not private enterprises – that tend to principally benefit from the favorable “Go Global” policies. Second, SOEs tend to pay much higher acquisition premiums in outward FDI as compared to non-SOEs. Third, SOEs tend to be less effective as compared to non-SOEs in gaining synergies and enhancing competitiveness as a result of these cross-border experiences. These results yield clear policy implications for the Chinese government: first, more effective public policy would involve enhanced targeting of private enterprises as the recipients of policies promoting outward FDI; second, the Chinese government should continue along the path toward privatization of SOEs. The continued bolstering of economic and social development in China is contingent upon efforts to reduce the state’s active role in outward FDI.

Details

Emerging Economies and Multinational Enterprises
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-740-6

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Book part
Publication date: 7 October 2015

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Chinese Railways in the Era of High-Speed
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-984-4

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Book part
Publication date: 1 January 2006

Donald R. Lehmann

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Review of Marketing Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-7656-1305-9

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