Anna Młynkowiak-Stawarz, Robert Bęben and Zuzanna Kraus
The purpose of this paper is to present a model depicting the relationship between the behavioral intention of tourists in the conditions prevailing during a pandemic and other…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a model depicting the relationship between the behavioral intention of tourists in the conditions prevailing during a pandemic and other variables.
Design/methodology/approach
In constructing the research procedure, two measurements of tourist behavioral intention were taken into account, which were taken far apart in time. In verifying the developed model, the results of surveys of 1,615 people carried out in June 2021 and 917 people carried out in December 2021 were considered.
Findings
As a result of the habituation process, tourists show greater acceptance of the restrictions.
Practical implications
Information on the basis of which companies make management decisions plays a significant role in the creation of company value. In the tourism sector, the information concerns primarily consumer behavior.
Originality/value
Changes over time in risk perception, health protection motivation, and reactance due to perceived pandemic-related restrictions were taken into account in the context of behavioral intention towards tourism.
Details
Keywords
Anna Wojewnik-Filipkowska, Anna Dziadkiewicz, Wioleta Dryl, Tomasz Dryl and Robert Bęben
Public involvement is essential in the creation of effective local strategies for the development of a sustainable built environment, yet there has been little research on…
Abstract
Purpose
Public involvement is essential in the creation of effective local strategies for the development of a sustainable built environment, yet there has been little research on stakeholder motivation and engagement in the creation of infrastructure-project value, in the entire life cycle of a given project, while different markets show that overlooking stakeholders can negatively affect the success of an infrastructure project. The purpose of this paper is to fill the theory-practice gap that has been discerned, and thus study how early public involvement determines the success of an infrastructure project, which is identified with its value creation (effectiveness, sustainability and utility).
Design/methodology/approach
This research entails a combination of methods. A case study analysis allowed observation of the role the stakeholders play and of how the relationships, perspectives, expectations and risks, along with other soft issues, continue to affect projects. The case study required comprehensive examination of project documentation and conduction of interviews. To collect data, focused group interviews and semi-structured interviews were used, supported with direct questionnaire surveys.
Findings
The study provides evidence that early public engagement can contribute to infrastructure-project value (effectiveness, sustainability and utility). Practically speaking, the stakeholder analysis performed allowed proposal of a general stakeholder analysis framework for infrastructure projects. It can be implemented at each investment phase of the project life cycle, since stakeholders and their motivation may develop and/or change over time, which necessitates development of proper managerial strategies. The findings highlight the opportunities and the challenges faced by stakeholder management.
Research limitations/implications
The limitation of this study derives from the fact that the sample size was small, which was necessary for an in-depth qualitative research and application of the case study method. The observations were made on a selected case study, within a limited period of time, thus the context of the analysis as well as the stakeholder perception was subject to possible change. The research limitations concern the provisional nature of the information obtained, the cross-sectional nature of the analysis itself, and, finally, the inability to predict all future events. Ultimately, stakeholder mapping was performed for the operational phase of the investment exclusively, while the analysis was limited to identification and classification of the stakeholders, including their relationship with the project.
Practical implications
The research conclusions provide useful input for future research on development of effective strategies for management of the shareholders that are related to a given infrastructure project, in order to achieve project success. Simultaneously, from a property perspective, the research has contributed to a better understanding of the importance of infrastructure, on the part of real estate stakeholders.
Social implications
Application of the approach proposed in the study may contribute to early development and implementation of appropriate trust-building processes. The building of relationships between stakeholders enables checks and balances, promotes short- and long-term project benefits, and increases the value of a project.
Originality/value
The novelty of the research consists in the connection, as part of infrastructure projects, of the theory of consumption values and the concept of an investment cycle with the framework of stakeholder analysis.
Details
Keywords
Die Redeweise von der «touristischen Explosion» in der jüngsten Gegenwart gehört ins «Wörterbuch des Unmenschen». Sie kennzeichnet aber drastisch einen Vorgang, dem eine…
Abstract
Die Redeweise von der «touristischen Explosion» in der jüngsten Gegenwart gehört ins «Wörterbuch des Unmenschen». Sie kennzeichnet aber drastisch einen Vorgang, dem eine Sprengwirkung nicht ganz abgesprochen werden kann. Jahrtausendalte Gewohnheiten der Sesshaftigkeit wurden seit rund 20 Jahren durch den Tourismus in einem früher unvorstellbaren Ausmass aufgebrochen. Die Erschütterung erfasste auch die Jugend. Das Beben pflanzt sich fort, zeitlich und räumlich, nicht etwa sich verebbend wie bei einem einzigen Erdstoss. Einmal in Schwung gesetzt, wurde der Tourismus allgemein, somit auch jener der Jugend, zu einem perpetuum mobile.
Productivity The Problem Situation Many western manufactured products such as automobiles and electronics have lost their market shares to those manufactured in Japan. One can no…
Abstract
Productivity The Problem Situation Many western manufactured products such as automobiles and electronics have lost their market shares to those manufactured in Japan. One can no longer blame this solely on cheap Japanese labour, as the income of the Japanese worker has increasingly caught up with the level found in the western world. The rude reality is that the Japanese industries are more productive than their western counterparts. Furthermore, their product quality is often superior.
Many Western manufactured products like cars and electronics havelost their market shares to similar products from Japan. Productivityimprovement programmes, particularly in…
Abstract
Many Western manufactured products like cars and electronics have lost their market shares to similar products from Japan. Productivity improvement programmes, particularly in Canada, are examined to determine why some fail while others succeed. Specific case studies are also presented to determine how productivity can be improved through effective human relations programmes.