This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.
Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.
Findings
For quite a while now the business world has been ferociously self‐critical of its poor performance in ensuring that women take their share of the top jobs, trying to figure out why the upper echelons of business are still so male‐dominated, and how to redress the balance. But should business be beating itself up quite so much over the issue?
Practical implications
The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world's leading organizations.
Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy‐to digest format.
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Rajashi Ghosh, Ray K. Haynes and Kathy E. Kram
The purpose of this paper is to elaborate how an adult development perspective can further the understanding of developmental networks as holding environments for developing…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to elaborate how an adult development perspective can further the understanding of developmental networks as holding environments for developing leaders confronted with challenging experiences.
Design/methodology/approach
The article utilizes constructive developmental theory (C‐D theory) to explore and address the implications of an adult development lens for leader development, especially as they confront complex leadership challenges that trigger anxiety.
Findings
Theoretical propositions suggest different kinds of holding behaviors (e.g. confirmation, contradiction, and continuity) necessary for enabling growth and effectiveness for leaders located in different developmental orders.
Research limitations/implications
Propositions offered can guide future researchers to explore how leaders confronted with different kinds of leadership challenges sustain responsive developmental networks over time and how the developers in the leader's network coordinate to provide confirmation, contradiction, and continuity needed for leader development.
Practical implications
Leaders and their developers should reflect on how developmental orders may determine which types of holding behaviors are necessary for producing leader effectiveness amidst challenging leadership experiences. Organizations should provide assessment centers and appropriate training and development interventions to facilitate this reflection.
Social implications
This paper demonstrates the important role that developmental relationships play in leadership effectiveness and growth over time. Individuals and organizations are urged to attend to the quality and availability of high quality developmental relationships for purposes of continuous learning and development.
Originality/value
This article re‐conceptualizes developmental networks as holding environments that can enable leader's growth as an adult and, hence, increase their effectiveness as leaders amidst complex leadership challenges.
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A. Ul‐Hamid, H.M. Tawancy, A.I. Mohammed, S.S. Al‐Jaroudi and N.M. Abbas
The oxidation behaviour of a wrought Ni‐Mo‐Cr alloy was studied under thermal cyclic conditions in air at 800°C for exposure periods of up to 1,000 h. The morphologies…
Abstract
The oxidation behaviour of a wrought Ni‐Mo‐Cr alloy was studied under thermal cyclic conditions in air at 800°C for exposure periods of up to 1,000 h. The morphologies, microstructures and compositions of the oxide scales were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Oxidation kinetics were determined by weight gain measurements. Results show that steady‐state oxidation was achieved within 1 h of exposure while partial scale spalling was observed after 400 h. The alloy grain boundaries intersecting the alloy surface showed preferential oxidation. They became depleted in Ni and enriched in Mo and Cr during transient oxidation. The scale initially formed at the surface was NiO which grew outwardly and laterally to cover the entire alloy. Upon continued oxidation, the scale developed into an outer NiO layer and an inner Cr2O3 layer while the presence of NiMoO4 was also observed within the scale.
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Ray M. Haynes and Patricia K. DuVall
The world is moving into a services industry environment which isevidencing many of the same productivity and quality issues associatedwith manufacturing during the past two…
Abstract
The world is moving into a services industry environment which is evidencing many of the same productivity and quality issues associated with manufacturing during the past two decades. Quick fixes using qualitative approaches have not been universally successful and some have advocated a more quantitative direction. Proposes a middle ground incorporating both ideas. Reports the development of a process model based on current service sector paradigms and more traditional statistical quality‐control techniques from manufacturing management. Details a test of the proposed model in the travel agency industry with results generally confirming the potential for transporting quality‐control concepts from manufacturing into services on a selected basis. While the heterogeneity of services may constrain and even preclude direct application of the process‐control approach in all cases, the five‐step plan proposed may prove to be a useful tool for service management across diverse businesses.
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Reginald L. Tucker, Graham H. Lowman and Louis D. Marino
Machiavellian, narcissistic, and psychopathic traits are often viewed as negative or undesirable personality traits. However, recent research demonstrates that individuals with…
Abstract
Machiavellian, narcissistic, and psychopathic traits are often viewed as negative or undesirable personality traits. However, recent research demonstrates that individuals with these traits possess qualities that may be personally beneficial within the business contexts. In this chapter, we conceptualize a balanced perspective of these traits throughout the entrepreneurial process (opportunity recognition, opportunity evaluation, and opportunity exploitation) and discuss human resources management strategies that can be employed to enhance the benefits, or minimize the challenges, associated with Machiavellian, narcissistic, and psychopathic traits. Specifically, we propose that Machiavellian qualities are most beneficial in the evaluation stage of entrepreneurship, and Machiavellian, narcissistic, and psychopathic qualities are beneficial in the exploitation stage of entrepreneurship.
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Nick Summerton, Rabi Paes and Judith Parker
Within Calderdale and Kirklees Health Authority area there are two distinct groups of general practitioners (GPs) ‐Huddersfield and Halifax. Following a small pilot study, a…
Abstract
Within Calderdale and Kirklees Health Authority area there are two distinct groups of general practitioners (GPs) ‐Huddersfield and Halifax. Following a small pilot study, a modified X‐ray request form was developed for sole use by the Huddersfield GPs. This X‐ray request form encouraged the local GPs to specify their reasons for referral. During the year in which the modified X‐ray request form was circulating within Huddersfield, the GP community was 0.66 times as likely (less likely) to request lumbar spine X‐rays in comparison with the community in Halifax. The 95% confidence intervals were 0.57–0.77, indicating that this is a highly‐significant result.
May 5, 1972 Factory — Statutory duty — Breach — Fume — Prolonged inhalation of low concentration — Chronic lung illness — Employer's actual or constructive knowledge of health…
Abstract
May 5, 1972 Factory — Statutory duty — Breach — Fume — Prolonged inhalation of low concentration — Chronic lung illness — Employer's actual or constructive knowledge of health hazard — Whether to be determined up to time when action brought — Limits of statutory duty — Whether need to act on expert speculation unaccompanied by hazard warning — Factories Act, 1961 (9 & 10 Eliz. II, c.34), ss. 4(1), 63(1).
Sukhjiinder Singh, Khushdeep Goyal and Rakesh Bhatia
The main cause of boiler tube failure in high-temperature thermal power plants is molten sulphate-vanadate-induced hot corrosion. Applying thermal spray coatings on alloy steels…
Abstract
Purpose
The main cause of boiler tube failure in high-temperature thermal power plants is molten sulphate-vanadate-induced hot corrosion. Applying thermal spray coatings on alloy steels can reduce hot corrosion. This study aims to examine the impact of nano yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) reinforcement on Ni-20Cr composite coatings on hot corrosion behaviour of T22 steel in a corrosive environment of Na2SO4-60%V2O5 at 650 °C over 50 cycles.
Design/methodology/approach
The coatings were deposited using a high velocity oxyfuel technique. The samples were subjected to hot corrosion in a Silicon tube furnace at 650 °C for 50 cycles. Weight gain data after each cycle were used to analyse the kinetics of corrosion behaviour. Corrosion products were examined using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive and cross-sectional analytical methods.
Findings
During investigation, nano YSZ-reinforced Ni-20Cr composite coatings on T22 steel were discovered to give superior corrosion resistance in a molten salt environment at 650 °C. Throughout the experiment, the coatings gained less weight and formed protective oxide scales. Increased YSZ concentration in the coating matrix resulted in better protection against hot corrosion.
Research limitations/implications
The inclusion of nano YSZ reduced porosity in Ni-20Cr coatings by filling voids and interlocking particles, as well as blocking the penetration of corroding species, hence improving the corrosion resistance of composite coatings. The corrosion rate decreased with increasing YSZ content in the coating matrix.
Originality/value
It should be noted that the high temperature corrosion behaviour of thermally sprayed nano YSZ-Ni-20Cr composite coatings has never been investigated and is not documented in the literature. As a result, the current study can provide useful information for the application of nano YSZ-reinforced coatings in high-temperature fuel combustion conditions.
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The purpose of this study is to understand the evolution of “marketing” in the public and corporate discourse of twentieth-century India.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to understand the evolution of “marketing” in the public and corporate discourse of twentieth-century India.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws its inferences from an analysis of the digital Times of India and Financial Times historical newspaper databases, the corporate archives of two leading Mumbai-based firms – Godrej in consumer goods and Cipla in pharmaceuticals and oral histories of marketing managers.
Findings
The paper identifies four eras of “marketing” in twentieth-century India. Era I (1910-1940) saw the emergence of agricultural “marketing boards” and “marketing officers” in the public sector and the growth of Indian and multinational advertising agencies. Era II (1940-1970) witnessed the formation of management and advertising associations and business schools with close involvement of American players. In Era III (1970-1990), there was a paradigm shift as “marketing” grew in corporate discourse and firms began to employ “marketing managers” in “marketing departments”. Era IV (1990-till date) witnessed the explosion of “marketing” in public and corporate discourse alongside the consumption boom in India. The paper shows how “marketing” evolved separately in the public and private sectors and in different phases as compared to that in the West.
Research limitations/implications
This paper overturns conventional wisdom on marketing history in India, which has so far discounted its significance before 1960 or accorded primary significance to the 1990s’ economic liberalisation programme.
Practical implications
Findings of this study will be useful to marketing professionals and teachers who wish to learn more about the history of marketing in India.
Originality/value
The paper uses unexplored archival material and provides the first account on the evolution of “marketing” in public and corporate discourse in twentieth-century India.