Sushant Shivaji Pawar, Pallavi V. Madiwale, Ashitosh Pawar and Ravindra Vithal Adivarekar
Dyeing of silk fabric was studied to increase dye uptake using eco-friendly glycerine based eutectic solvent (GES), which acts as a swelling agent.
Abstract
Purpose
Dyeing of silk fabric was studied to increase dye uptake using eco-friendly glycerine based eutectic solvent (GES), which acts as a swelling agent.
Design/methodology/approach
The swelling behaviour of silk fabric in GES was analyzed using three-dimensional laser scanning microscope. Dyeing parameters such as time, temperature and GES concentration were optimized using design of experiments.
Findings
In total, 5.34 F-value and 0.0014 p-value of ANOVA represent that the model is significant. An optimized GES assisted dyeing was carried out with two different classes of dyes such as Acid Blue 281 and Acid Red 151 and further compared with that of conventional aqueous dyeing method.
Originality/value
At 70°C, silk fabric achieves desired colour strength after 35 min of dyeing (10 min lesser than conventional) using GES assisted dyeing method. % Dye exhaustion of GES assisted dye bath was carried out and found to be very good. Fastness properties such as washing, light and rubbing fastness of conventional and GES assisted dyed silk fabric showed comparable results.
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Ashwini A. Patil, Saptarshi Maiti and Ravindra V. Adivarekar
Cotton being an anionic fiber can be dyed with direct, reactive, vat and sulfur dyes but cannot be dyed with acid dyes due to their chemical differences. But there are certain…
Abstract
Purpose
Cotton being an anionic fiber can be dyed with direct, reactive, vat and sulfur dyes but cannot be dyed with acid dyes due to their chemical differences. But there are certain advantages of acid dyes like acid dyeing is the simplest method than the other classes of dyes; and it offers various intense and bright shades. So, the purpose of this paper is to focus on acid dyeing of cotton fabric after its chemical modification.
Design/methodology/approach
Such modification of cotton fabric has been achieved using poly(amido)amine dendrimer (PAMAM) treatment. The current work is based on the synthesis of a full-generation PAMAM dendrimer (G0) and its application onto the cotton fabric for modifying the cotton substrate by the exhaust and padding method.
Findings
The treatment of the dendrimer on cotton fabric has been analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The dyeing results in terms of color strength of the treated cotton fabrics are compared with those of conventional acid dyed silk fabric. The fastness assessments such as wash, light and rubbing fastnesses after dyeing of treated cotton fabrics are also performed and found to be satisfactory.
Originality/value
This paper can be used in the application of synthesized poly(amido)amine dendrimer in acid dyeing of cotton.
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Ashitosh B. Pawar, Kaustubh C. Patankar, Pallavi Madiwale and Ravindra Adivarekar
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the one bath dyeing method for polyester/wool (PES/Wo) blend fabric with two different semi-synthetic azo dyes developed by chemically…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the one bath dyeing method for polyester/wool (PES/Wo) blend fabric with two different semi-synthetic azo dyes developed by chemically modifying the outer skin of Allium cepa.
Design/Methodology/Approach
Chemical modification is the most heartening way to impart improved properties to natural sources. Two different primary amines were coupled with the Allium cepa skin extract by a diazo coupling reaction. Synthesised dyes were characterized for their percentage yield, solubility tests, melting point, particle size analysis as well as FTIR spectroscopy and UV-Visible analysis. One bath dyeing methodology was used for application of synthesized dyes on PES/Wo blend fabric. Dyeing was performed at boil without any additional auxiliary and further percentage dye exhaustion was evaluated.
Findings
Dyeing yielded solid shade on PES/Wo blend fabric with satisfactory levelness in dyeing. The efficacy of synthesized dyes for dyeing of PES/Wo fabric was studied by wash, rub, light and sublimation fastness properties, which are in good agreement with commercial requirements. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized dyes shows excellent activity in dye powder form (AATCC 147 test method) as well as on dyed fabrics (AATCC 100 test method).
Originality/Value
Present research work is a first successful attempt to dye PES/Wo blend fabric with semi-synthetic azo dyes in single bath at boil. Such approach facilitates minimum consumption of energy, cost and time.
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Sushant S. Pawar and Ravindra Adivarekar
Textile industry is considered to be one of the largest consumers of water. There needs to be an alternative for water in textile wet processing. Solvent dyeing can be an approach…
Abstract
Purpose
Textile industry is considered to be one of the largest consumers of water. There needs to be an alternative for water in textile wet processing. Solvent dyeing can be an approach to replace the use of water in dyeing for water conservation.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the dyeing of polyester was carried out using conventional and solvent dyeing methods. The solvent used was non-aqueous, deep eutectic solvent (DES) prepared using choline chloride and urea. Dyeing parameters such as time, temperature and pH were optimized for a concentration of dye using the solvent and were compared with the conventional dyeing.
Findings
The prepared solvent was characterized in terms of Fourier-transform infrared resonance and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance to analyze the reaction between choline chloride and urea. Dyeing performance in terms of K/S and fastness properties of dyed fabrics were evaluated and found to be at par against conventional dyeing.
Originality/value
Use of DES as a dyeing medium is a novel approach in the textile industry.
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Ashitosh Pawar, Santosh Biranje, Kaustubh Patankar and Ravindra Vithal Adivarekar
This paper aims to focus on the optimisation of dyeing recipe for dyeing of silk fabric with semisynthetic azo dyes synthesised by chemical modification of areca nut extract.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the optimisation of dyeing recipe for dyeing of silk fabric with semisynthetic azo dyes synthesised by chemical modification of areca nut extract.
Design/methodology/approach
The response surface model (Box–Behnken design) was used to establish the relation between the parameters of dyeing such as time, temperature and material to liquor ratio. Their output responses in terms of colour strength (K/S values) are reported. Their relationship was tested for predictability and the experimental values and found to match closely, which confirms the model suitability.
Findings
Dyed fabrics were tested for their fastness properties such as wash, rub and lightfastness. The results of the fastness tests indicate that modified dyes have good dyeability towards silk fabric. The dyed fabrics were also tested for ultraviolet protection factor and antimicrobial activity, which showed very promising results.
Originality/value
Banned amine testing was done, which confirms the absence of banned amine in synthesised dyes, which indicates the potential of its sustainability. Also, such an approach of modification of natural dyes as semi-synthetic dyes can be surely considered to be a step towards its widespread acceptability and further commercialisation.
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Priti B. Tayade and Ravindra V. Adivarekar
In nature, thousands of different colours and shades exist. Basic set of dyes, namely, yellow, red, blue and green are necessary for a complete colour gamut. Creating a complete…
Abstract
Purpose
In nature, thousands of different colours and shades exist. Basic set of dyes, namely, yellow, red, blue and green are necessary for a complete colour gamut. Creating a complete gamut with natural dyes with one common extraction and application procedure is not exploited hitherto. The paper aims to discuss this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, an attempt was made to create a complete colour gamut with easily available natural dyes with one common extraction and application procedure.
Findings
Silk fabrics were dyed using various natural dyes alone and in combination to yield various shades, namely, yellow, red, green, blue. Pre-mordanting of silk fabrics was carried out with mordants, namely, alum, ferrous sulphate, copper sulphate, stannous chloride, potassium dichromate followed by dyeing. The fastness properties and colour strength values of all the shades obtained were determined.
Originality/value
Creating a complete gamut with natural dyes with one common extraction and application procedure is not exploited hitherto.