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The brushless direct current motor (BLDCM) is widely accepted and adopted by many industries instead of direct current motors due to high reliability during operation. Brushless direct current (BLDC) has outstanding efficiency as losses that arise out of voltage drops at brushes and friction losses are eliminated. The main factor that affects the performance is temperature introduced in the internal copper core windings. The control of motor speed generates high temperature in BLDC operation. The high temperature is due to presence of ripples in the operational current. The purpose is to present an effective controlling mechanism for speed management and to improve the performance of BLDCM to activate effective management of speed.

The purpose is to present an optimal algorithm based on modified moth-flame optimization algorithm over recurrent neural network (MMFO-RNN) for speed management to improve the performance. The core objective of the presented work is to achieve improvement in performance without affecting the design of the system with no additional circuitry. The management of speed in BLDCM has been achieved through reduction or minimization of ripples encircled with torque of the motor. The implementation ends in two stages, namely, controlling the loop of torque and controlling the loop of speed. The MMFO-RNN starts with error optimization, which arises from both the loops, and most effective values have been achieved through MMFO-RNN protocol.

The parameters are enriched with Multi Resolution Proportional Integral and Derivative (MRPID) controller operation to achieve minimal ripples for the torque of BLDC and manage the speed of the motor. The performance is increased by adopting this technique approximately 12% in comparison with the existing methodology, which is the main contributions of the presented work. The outcomes are analyzed with the existing methodologies through MATLAB Simulink tool, and the comparative analyses suggest that better performance of the proposed system produces over existing techniques, and proto type model is developed and cross verifies the proposed system.

The MMFO-RNN starts with error optimization, which arises from both the loops, and most effective values have been achieved through MMFO-RNN protocol. The parameters are enriched with MRPID controller operation to achieve nil or minimal ripples and to encircle the torque of Brushless Direct Current and manage the speed.

Sustainable bioeconomy and smart tourism work together to create a resilient future, with a synergetic smart ecospace. A systemic smart tourism system engages a resilient future with a sustainable bioeconomy. This chapter offers insights from a stakeholder viewpoint in the tourism sector as it delves into an AI-integrated ecosystem. A resilient future encapsulate co-creation and a sustainable outlook with energy-efficient technologies, particularly the role of logistics service providers and green initiatives, investment strategies, sustainable behaviour and green practices with E-vehicles are examined in the travel industry. The chapter indicates a four-quadrant strategy that includes self-sustaining groups in the context of the bio-economy, agile leadership, network management through stakeholder alliances and adaptable governance structures. As a framework for this attempt, the destination competency model emphasises the significance of stakeholder involvement, cooperation, collaboration and coexistence for creating an energy-efficient, sustainable future.

This chapter proposes to understand the prospects of smart technologies that can transform tourism destinations and instigate regenerative development process. Bio-based resource consumption and technology-driven practices aimed for better sustainable development have been the need of the era. This study emphasizes the theory of regenerative tourism, which attempts to preserve and improve a destination's natural and cultural resources while contributing to the socio-economic development of the host communities. It examines how transformational technologies, like smart infrastructure, big data analytics and renewable energy systems, could assist the tourism industry achieve the transition to a green economy. This chapter illustrates the benefits and problems of integrating such technologies into the tourism infrastructure of a destination. Additionally, it highlights the necessity of cooperation among stakeholders and policymakers and examines the possible environmental, social and economic implications of using a regenerative approach to tourism. The results of this study contribute to the expanding body of knowledge on the development of sustainable tourism and shed light on the transformative potential of technology in creating a more sustainable and resilient future.

It is well-known that women scientists are few in numbers in prestigious research organizations and still fewer in leadership positions. The purpose of this article is to analyze how organizational gender inequality is rationalized by scientists so as to highlight how discourse on equality reproduces gender at the workplace.

Data was collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with the scientists in four research laboratories dealing with medicinal drugs and chemical substances. It uses discourse analysis by Foucault as a theoretical lens to examine how gender inequality is rationalized and the power relations behind it. It adopts the perspective that socio-cultural beliefs form the basis of gendered practices in organizations.

It finds that the scientists refuse to blame the organization for inequalities by delinking gender issues from the organizational domain. This delinking occurs through rationalizing gender inequality as “social”, through separating informal behavior from the “system” and perceiving women as “privileged”. Such discourses while keeping intact the rationality and meritocracy of the organizations/institutions, reproduce the ideological “public-private dichotomy” and the male dominance at the workplace.

The findings indicate the need for extensive studies in India highlighting how gender is done in organizations, exploring men's role in undoing gender and government initiatives to create a climate of gender equality.

It highlights how discourse on gender equality/inequality at the workplace manifests dominance of men and represents an intersection of Indian social, organizational and institutional contexts at workplace. It also calls into question the applicability of the western concepts of “individualization” and “gender fatigue” to the Indian context.

Today, wear and tear is a metaphor whose cost cannot be ignored by real sector. For this reason, many sectoral and academic studies are carried out to minimize the wear effect. This study aims to create a perspective against wear problems for the automotive industry as well.

The 16MnC5 material, which is used as the U-joint material in the powertrain of the automotive industry, was subjected to heat treatment such as normalization and carburization at certain temperatures and duration. By subjecting the resulting carbide thickness to the abrasion process, the maximum effective heat treatment parameters against wear were determined.

It has been determined that the ideal cementation condition for 16MnCr5 steel to be used in the wear system is carburized samples at 900 °C for 3.5 h with a hardness depth of 1.04 mm.

The variation in which the surface hardness thickness and surface roughness obtained by different heat treatment variations of the U-joint part, which is one of the cardan shaft components that provide power transmission of heavy commercial vehicles, show the best wear resistance, were investigated. As a result of this study, the study is to prevent the waste of limited materials in the world and to reduce the repair and maintenance costs of commercial vehicles.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-05-2024-0152/