Search results

The existing traditional recommendations based on content-based filtering (CBF), collaborative filtering (CF) and hybrid approaches are inadequate for recommending practice challenges in programming online judge (POJ). These systems only consider the preferences of the target users or similar users to recommend items. In the learning environment, recommender systems should consider the learning path, knowledge level and ability of the learner. Another major problem in POJ is the learners don't give ratings to practice challenges like e-commerce and video streaming portals. This purpose of the proposed approach is to overcome the abovementioned shortcomings.

To achieve the context-aware practice challenge recommendation, the data preparation techniques including implicit rating extraction, data preprocessing to remove outliers, sequence-based learner clustering and utility sequence pattern mining approaches are used in the proposed approach. The approach ensures that the recommender system considers the knowledge level, learning path and learning goals of the learner to recommend practice challenges.

Experiments on practice challenge recommendations conducted using real-world POJ dataset show that the proposed system outperforms other traditional approaches. The experiment also demonstrates that the proposed system is recommending challenges based on the learner's current context. The implicit rating extracted using the proposed approach works accurately in the recommender system.

The proposed system contains the following novel approaches to address the lack of rating and context-aware recommendations. The mathematical model was used to extract ratings from learner submissions. The statistical approach was used in data preprocessing. The sequence similarity-based learner clustering was used in transition matrix. Utilizing the rating as a utility in the USPAN algorithm provides useful insights into learner–challenge relationships.

The purpose of this paper is to identify coronavirus contact using internet of things. The disease is said to be highly contagious with the contact of infected persons. Feared to be air-borne, droplets of body fluids can transmit the disease in a matter of hours. The predominant symptoms of the COVID-19 are high fever, cough, breathing problem, etc. Recent studies have demonstrated the evolution of the disease to hide its symptoms. As it is highly transmissible, this disease might spread at an exponential rate costing the lives of thousands of people. The chain of transmission has to be detected with utmost priority through early detection and isolation of infected people. Automated internet of things (IoT) devices can be used in design and implementation of a prediction scheme for reporting the health-care risks of the patients with various parameters such as temperature, humidity and blood pressure.

IoT is a configuration of multiple autonomous and embedded wireless devices for serving a purpose. Every object possesses an individual identity and will serve to register critical events as entries for future learning and decisions. IoT plays an inevitable role in medical industries, detection of vital signs of diseases and monitoring. Among other life-threatening diseases, a new pandemic is on rise among world nations. COVID-19, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome virus originated from animals in December 2019 and is becoming a serious menace to Governments, despite serious measures of lockdowns.

In this paper, the authors defined an architecture of an IoT system to predict the Covid-19 disease by getting the data from the human through sensors and send the data to the doctor using mobile, computer, etc. The main goal is early health surveillance by predicting COVID-19. Accordingly, the authors are able to identify both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, which will help in the early prediction of disease.

Using the proposed method, the authors can save the time of both patient and doctor by ensuring timely medical treatment and contribute toward breaking the transmission chain. In so doing, the method also contributes toward avoiding unnecessary expenses and saving human lives.

This paper aims to evaluate the factors that dictate the design of a mini unmanned aircraft system (UAS).

This paper analyses various dimensions that dictate the design criteria for a mini UAS.

Compared to civil applications, design of mini UAS for military application is much more challenging owing to combat restrictions. Topics related to civil applications dominate research in the field of mini UAS, with over 60% of the papers accounting for civil applications. Limited published articles related to military applications are available. While 86% of the in-production mini UAS is primarily meant for military applications, only 9% of the research is devoted to military applications of mini UAS. Most mini UAS, although designed primarily for military applications, are also extensively used for various civil applications. Critical aspects that influence the employment of mini UAS in the tactical battlespace are area of interest, type of operation, type of operational tasks, terrain and network-centric operations. All these factors collectively impact the design of a mini UAS.

According to various studies, mini UAS is the fastest growing segment amongst all classes of UAS. This paper will provide vital inputs to the designers and manufacturers of mini UAS for both military and civil applications.

Mini UAS are in the list of “must-have” for modern militaries across the world and is also growing exponentially in the civil domain. Therefore, it is important to understand the critical factors that dictate the design of mini UAS.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, such an analysis is not available in the open domain.

Amongst all classes of unmanned aircraft system (UAS), the rise of the Mini UAS class is the most dominant. Mini UASs are field-deployable systems and hence are not expected to operate from a runway. Therefore, the operating terrain plays an important role in the deployment and employment of the Mini UAS. However, there is limited published work in this area. The impact of terrain is more critical for military applications than civilian applications. The purpose of this paper is to explore the implications of various types of terrain on the employment and deployment of Mini UAS.

This paper explores the implications of various types of terrain on the employment and deployment of Mini UAS.

Mini UAS with field deployable requirements is often launched within the tactical battle area in case of military applications or in close proximity to the intended target area for civilian applications. Due to the size and weight of the Mini UAS, launch and recovery becomes an important factor to be considered. Rotary wing or fixed-wing vertical take-off and landing configuration UAS overcomes the limitations of Mini UAS and hence it is the preferred option. Impact of the terrain is significantly higher for military applications as compared to civil applications. Mountain terrain is the most challenging for Mini UAS operations.

This paper will help the designers configure the UAS as per the operating terrain.

Terrain affects the deployment and employment of Mini UAS and the capabilities of the system with respect to terrain in which it is expected to operate must be considered during the design of a Mini UAS. The paper will help the designers configure the UAS as per the operating terrain.

Black turtle bean has nutritional potentials in the human diet and could provide a significant amount of food in developing countries. Low consumption of black beans has been attributed partly to the hard-to-cook phenomenon which requires a long time of cooking. Germination improves nutritional, functional, bioactive compounds, reduces anti-nutrients and cooking time. Germinated black turtle bean can contribute to efforts geared towards the production of functional foods and the fight against protein malnutrition. This study aims to investigate the changes in the nutritional, antioxidants and functional properties of black turtle bean due to different epigeal germination times to increase its utilization in food systems.

Black turtle bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris) were cleaned, winnowed, washed, soaked for 16 h, drained and subjected to epigeal germinated at ambient temperature for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. The germinated seeds were dried, dehulled, milled and sieved. Proximate, antioxidant properties and activity, anti-nutrients, mineral (calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, manganese, copper, potassium, zinc and magnesium) and functional properties (water absorption capacity, oil absorption, bulk density, swelling index, water solubility index and gelling concentration) of the germinated black turtle bean (GTB) flour (0GTB, 24GTB, 48GTB, 72GTB and 96GTB) were determined using standard procedures.

The ash, protein, fat and fibre contents of the black turtle bean were significantly increased through germination. Germination resulted in changes in the antioxidant activity of the black turtle bean samples. The mineral content of the black bean samples was improved significantly by germination and as well altered the functional properties (p < 0.01). Oxalate and phytate were significantly reduced with increased germination time (p < 0.01). In total, 96 h germination (96GTB) had better antioxidant activity, mineral and proximate composition with lower anti-nutrients.

Germination for 96 h proved to be the optimum time for improved mineral content, increased protein, ash, fibre, antioxidant activity and property with reduced antinutrients. Germination represents an attractive, inexpensive means of improving the nutritional profile and enhancing the bio-functionality of the black turtle bean. The epigeal germinated turtle bean could find applied as a functional ingredient in food formulation.

In this work, a new two-phase version of the finite element-based Artificial Compressibility (AC) Characteristic-Based Split (CBS) algorithm is developed and applied for the first time to heat and mass transfer phenomena in porous media with associated phase change. The purpose of this study is to provide an alternative for the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of multiphase transport phenomena in porous media. Traditionally, the more complex Separate Flow Model was used in which the vapour and liquid phases were considered as distinct fluids and mathematically described by the conservation laws for each phase separately, resulting in a large number of governing equations.

Even though the adopted mathematical model presents analogies with the conventional multicomponent mixture flow model, it is characterized by a considerable reduction in the number of the differential equations for the primary variables. The fixed-grid numerical formulation can be applied to the resolution of general problems that may simultaneously include a superheated vapour region, a two-phase zone and a sub-cooled liquid region in a single physical domain with irregular and moving phase interfaces in between. The local thermal non-equilibrium model is introduced to consider the heat exchange between fluid and solid within the porous matrix.

The numerical model is verified considering the transport phenomena in a homogenous and isotropic porous medium in which water is injected from one side and heated from the other side, where it leaves the computational domain in a superheated vapour state. Dominant forces are represented by capillary interactions and two-phase heat conduction. The obtained results have been compared with the numerical data available in the scientific literature.

The present algorithm provides a powerful routine tool for the numerical modelling of complex two-phase transport processes in porous media.

For the first time, the stabilized AC-CBS scheme is applied to the resolution of compressible viscous flow transport in porous materials with associated phase change. A properly stabilized matrix inversion-free procedure employs an adaptive local time step that allows acceleration of the solution process even in the presence of large source terms and low diffusion coefficients values (near the phase change point).

This paper aims to investigate the effect and parametric optimization of process parameters during milling of glass fibre-reinforced plastics (GFRP) composites using grey relational analysis (GRA).

Experiments are conducted using helix angle, spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and fibre orientation angle as typical process parameters. GRA is adopted to obtain grey relational grade for the milling process with multiple characteristics, namely, machining force and material removal rate (MRR). Analysis of variance is performed to get the contribution of each parameter on the performance characteristics.

It is observed that helix angle and fibre orientation angle are the most significant process parameters that affect the milling of GFRP composites. The experimental results reveal that the helix angle of 45°, spindle speed of 3000 rpm, feed rate of 1000 mm/min, depth of cut of 2 mm and fibre orientation angle of 15° is the optimum combination of lower machining force and higher MRR. The experimental results for the optimal setting show that there is considerable improvement in the process.

Optimization of process parameters on machining force and MRR during endmilling of GFRP composites using GRA has not been attempted previously.

This study aims to elucidate the role of curved walls in the presence of identical mass of porous bed with identical heating at a wall for two heating objectives: enhancement of heat transfer to fluid saturated porous beds and reduction of entropy production for thermal and flow irreversibilities.

Two heating configurations have been proposed: Case 1: isothermal heating at bottom straight wall with cold side curved walls and Case 2: isothermal heating at left straight wall with cold horizontal curved walls. Galerkin finite element method is used to obtain the streamfunctions and heatfunctions associated with local entropy generation terms.

The flow and thermal maps show significant variation from Case 1 to Case 2 arrangements. Case 1 configuration may be the optimal strategy as it offers larger heat transfer rates at larger values of Darcy number, Da_m. However, Case 2 may be the optimal strategy as it provides moderate heat transfer rates involving savings on entropy production at larger values of Da_m. On the other hand, at lower values of Da_m (Da_m ≤ 10⁻³), Case 1 or 2 exhibits almost similar heat transfer rates, while Case 1 is preferred for savings of entropy production.

The concave wall is found to be effective to enhance heat transfer rates to promote convection, while convex wall exhibits reduction of entropy production rate. Comparison between Case 1 and Case 2 heating strategies enlightens efficient heating strategies involving concave or convex walls for various values of Da_m.

The purpose of this paper is to highlight that Singaporeans are adopting the value of continuous effort and being resilient. Several explanations are put forth on why Singaporeans are resilient. That being the case, Singapore companies can also be said to be resilient.

Interviewing method.

Influenced by its geography, history and the value of achievement, Singaporeans and Singapore Companies are adopting “continuous effort” and “are being resilient” as the value they work and live by. Goal‐oriented, they do their homework, plan their work before plunging and work their plan.

Limitation: time and costs constraints, otherwise more interviewing sessions could have been held. Future research, if a budget permits, can employ more inteviewers.

Being resilient is an advantage, it can also lead to strengthen the Republic's economy. In business, being resilient is vital since it gives the people the necessary fighting power. However, it is said that any culture is dynamic, and events may change perceptions and values, and hence, a highlight on whether Singaporeans are, in fact, “becoming softer” is also discussed.

The article provides a new/continuing perspective on cultural value of resilience in Singapore.

This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review of scholarly literature on the educational impacts of the metaverse, systematically identifying emerging themes, challenges and implications for metaverse education.

The study uses systematic literature review techniques using the Scopus database to investigate empirical studies and systematic reviews specifically examining the convergence of the metaverse and education.

The study shows that the metaverse has a substantial influence on education, emphasising immersive learning, real social interactions and the transformation of traditional frameworks. This paper identifies nine themes, illuminating the growing relevance of metaverse tools in academic institutions, influencing learning methods, outcomes and positive student dispositions.

This study provides a foundation for further investigations into the metaverse’s potential to disseminate knowledge and enhance comprehension of metaverse technologies. It explores the metaverse’s potential in relation to progress, upcoming trends and cultural awareness while highlighting obstacles that must be addressed for effective metaverse teaching.

This research paper makes a substantial scholarly contribution by undertaking a systematic analysis of empirical studies and identifying emerging themes in the area of metaverse education. It offers substantial insights into the transformative potential of metaverse education and its implications for pedagogical and instructional approaches in the digitised era through the analysis of fundamental inquiries.