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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2018

Rajeev Nayan Gupta and Harsha A.P.

The present work aims to formulate nanolubricants and improve antiwear, antifriction and extreme pressure (EP) performances of castor oil (CO) with surface-modified CuO…

277

Abstract

Purpose

The present work aims to formulate nanolubricants and improve antiwear, antifriction and extreme pressure (EP) performances of castor oil (CO) with surface-modified CuO nanoparticles as an additive in the boundary lubrication regime.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, CuO nanoparticles are modified with a surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by means of a chemical method. These modified nanoparticles with varying concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0%w/v were used to formulate the nanolubricants. The tribological properties of non-formulated and formulated CO were examined using a four-ball tester. The tribological test results were compared with paraffin oil (PO) for similar compositions.

Findings

The nanoparticle concentrations in base oils were optimized by wear scar diameter (WSD) and load carrying capacity during antiwear and EP tests, respectively. In the antiwear test, the maximum reductions in WSD were 28.3 and 22.2 per cent; however, the coefficient of friction was reduced by 34.6 and 17.3 per cent at optimum nanoparticle concentrations in CO and PO, respectively. A significant improvement in the weld load was observed for both nanolubricants.

Originality/value

This work indicates that nanoparticle-based CO in industrial applications provides on par or better results than mineral oil. Also, it has a negligible hazardous impact on our eco-system.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 70 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 6 November 2007

327

Abstract

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 37 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 31 October 2008

Aachu Agrawal, Rajeev Gupta, Kanika Varma and Beena Mathur

Trans fatty acids (TFA) are deleterious to health and can lead to multiple diseases. The purpose of this paper is to study their content in Indian sweets and snacks (fast foods).

1239

Abstract

Purpose

Trans fatty acids (TFA) are deleterious to health and can lead to multiple diseases. The purpose of this paper is to study their content in Indian sweets and snacks (fast foods).

Design/methodology/approach

The paper used the food composition and analysis tables of the Indian National Institute of Nutrition to determine fatty acid composition of common nutrients. Separate tables provide nutrient composition of various Indian sweets and snacks including methods of preparation and amount of ingredients used. The paper calculated detailed nutritive value of these fast foods with focus on fatty acid composition using these tables. The nutritive values of more than 200 Indian sweets and snacks were determined and are presented.

Findings

The study shows that Indian sweets and snacks are very energy‐dense with calorie content varying from 136 to 494 kcal/100 g in sweets and 148‐603 kcal/100 g in snacks. TFA content of sweets varies from 0.3 to 17.7 g/100 g and snacks from 0.1 to 19.8 g/100 g. This translates into 1.9‐53.0 fat energy per cent in sweets and 1.8‐52.0 fat energy per cent in snacks.

Research limitations/implications

The study consists of analysis of secondary data obtained from raw ingredients. Many chemical changes occur during cooking and were not estimated.

Originality/value

High dietary intake of TFA leads to cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and many chronic diseases. This is possibly the largest attempt to determine TFA content of commonly used fast‐foods in India and shows that some of the traditional Indian sweets and snacks have high levels.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 38 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 2006

Priyanka Rastogi, Beena Mathur, Shweta Rastogi, V.P. Gupta and Rajeev Gupta

Cooking can adversely affect chemical characteristics of edible oils. The purpose of this paper is to determine biochemical changes due to cooking in commonly used Indian fats and…

2929

Abstract

Purpose

Cooking can adversely affect chemical characteristics of edible oils. The purpose of this paper is to determine biochemical changes due to cooking in commonly used Indian fats and oils through an experimental study.

Design/methodology/approach

Changes in chemical properties of various edible oils [Indian ghee (clarified butter), hydrogenated oil, coconut oil, mustard‐rapeseed oil, groundnut oil, soyabean oil, cottonseed oil and sunflower oil] were studied. Oils were subjected to various cooking methods (shallow frying, sautéing, single deep frying and multiple deep fryings) using an inert substance. Peroxide content was estimated as index of fatty‐acid oxidation, free fatty acids, iodine value for determination of fatty‐acid unsaturation and trans‐fatty acids at baseline and after cooking using colorimetric and gas‐liquid chromatography methods. Three samples were analyzed for each process (n = 144). Significance of change was determined using t‐test.

Findings

There was a significant increase in peroxide content (mEq/L) of Indian ghee from 1.83±0.03 at baseline to 4.5–6.6 by different cooking methods, hydrogenated oil (0.45±0.07 to 1.7–8.5), coconut oil (1.01±0.01 to 3.2–9.2), mustard‐rapeseed oil (0.90±0.01 to 2.1–5.3), groundnut oil (0.96±0.01 to 1.9–3.7), soyabean oil (0.86±0.02 to 1.9–3.4), cottonseed oil (0.71±0.01 to 2.9–6.4) and sunflower oil (1.09±0.01 to 2.3–10.2) (p<0.05). Free fatty acid content (g/100 g) was in undetectable amounts in all the fats at baseline and increased in Indian ghee (0.16–0.22), hydrogenated oil (0.09–0.23), coconut oil (0.09–1.39), mustard‐rapeseed oil (0.07–0.19), groundnut oil (0.09–0.18), soyabean oil (0.06–0.12), cottonseed oil (0.09–0.22) and sunflower oil (0.08–0.13). Trans‐fatty acids increased from 0.1% at baseline to 14.5% after sautéing and shallow frying and 15.8–16.8% after deep frying in hydrogenated oils (p<0.01). The iodine value decreased, indicating a decrease in unsaturated fats, insignificantly. The largest amount of oxidation was observed by shallow frying and free‐fatty‐acid formation by multiple deep frying. Hydrogenated, coconut and sunflower oils were the most susceptible to oxidation and soyabean oil the most resistant. Single deep frying caused the least changes in chemical composition of various fats and oils. Indian cooking practices significantly increase the peroxides, free fatty acids and trans‐fatty acids in edible oils and fats. Single deep frying appears to be the least harmful method and soyabean oil the least susceptible to degradation.

Originality/value

The paper offers an experimental study to determine biochemical changes due to cooking in commonly used Indian fats and oils.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 36 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 9 December 2024

Lipi Jain, Jaya Joshi and Rajeev

The main purpose of this paper is given below: To present a mathematical model of a two-phase Stefan problem including a moving phase change material and variable thermophysical…

38

Abstract

Purpose

The main purpose of this paper is given below: To present a mathematical model of a two-phase Stefan problem including a moving phase change material and variable thermophysical properties. To find a numerical solution of the problem to discuss the dependence of considered phase change problem on variable thermal conductivity, variable specific heat and Peclet number.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, a numerical solution of the problem is obtained using the front-fixing method in tandem with the explicit finite difference scheme. The authors have also discussed the consistency and stability of proposed numerical scheme.

Findings

In this study, it is observed that the considered scheme is an efficient tool that provides sufficiently accurate results for exploring the behaviors of moving interface (free boundary) and temperature profile for a nonclassical two-phase free boundary problem. In this study, the authors have observed that the parameters α1 and α2 influence the temperature profiles of the liquid region and the solid region. It is also found that the free boundary propagates faster when the authors increase the parameter α1 or decrease the parameter α2.

Originality/value

From the literature, it is seen that most of the two-phase problems with free boundary in an infinite domain are considered by the authors with constant thermophysical properties. Because it is possible to establish an analytical solution of two-phase problems with free boundary in case of an infinite domain. Moreover, a two-phase problem in a finite domain involving moving phase change material with the unidirectional speed is not considered. Therefore, the authors have considered a two-phase free boundary problem with variable thermal coefficients.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 11 May 2015

Aachu Agrawal, Kanika Varma and Rajeev Gupta

The purpose of this study is to investigate the lipid profile and prevalence of dyslipidemia, as serum lipid levels have a major contribution in the development of cardiovascular…

97

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the lipid profile and prevalence of dyslipidemia, as serum lipid levels have a major contribution in the development of cardiovascular diseases, in adult urban women of Jaipur district, Rajasthan, India.

Design/methodology/approach

A house-to-house survey was done in four urban locations, and 501 women in the age group of 35-70 years were enrolled in the study. A general questionnaire was used to gather background information and general health status. Fasting blood samples were collected to determine the level of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Dyslipidemia was assessed based on the criteria given in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (NCEP ATP-III).

Findings

Mean age of the women was 45.63 ± 9.91 years. Population mean levels of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TGs were 183.9 ± 15.3, 111.8 ± 18.0, 44.0 ± 6.2 and 140.6 ± 30.9 mg/dl, respectively. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 33.9 and 18.7 per cent, respectively. Of a total of 500 subjects, 13.8 per cent had TC = 200 mg/dl, 12.6 per cent had LDL = 130 mg/dl, 85.4 per cent had HDL-C < 50 mg/dl and 23.0 per cent had TG = 150 mg/dl. An increase in serum lipids was most prominent in the 40-59 year age group.

Originality/value

High prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed in the community. Prevalence of low HDL-C was very high among the subjects.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 45 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 19 January 2024

Naresh Gupta, Indra Gunawan and Rajeev Kamineni

This study aims to comprehend the role of leagility and resilience in developing sustainable global supply chains, mitigating short-term disruptions and long-term economic impacts…

238

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to comprehend the role of leagility and resilience in developing sustainable global supply chains, mitigating short-term disruptions and long-term economic impacts from various disasters, in the context of Australian civil infrastructure projects.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs systematic review approach to establish that addressing project success dimensions (i.e. leagility, resilience and sustainability) requires an integrated and extended supply chain approach, encompassing traditional supply chain strategic model elements (i.e. cost/capital, quality and service goals) and supply chain eco-system (i.e. organisations, societies, economies and nature).

Findings

The study underscores the need to enhance supply chain leagility and resilience to achieve sustainability. This can be achieved by developing skills needed to plan across project phases and time frames, aligning with short and long-term organisational goals, assuming smart risks in the face of uncertainty.

Research limitations/implications

This study extends the traditional supply chain strategic model by introducing new priorities to minimise the consequences of disruptions and to effectively respond to them. The integration of leanness, agility and resilience ensures a sustainable supply chain even in the times of uncertainty, disruption and volatility.

Originality/value

This research provides an opportunity for practitioners and policymakers to rethink and redesign the conventional supply chain model of cost, capital, quality and service objectives. It introduces pioneering concepts by acknowledging and incorporating emerging priorities, especially in Australian civil infrastructure projects. The study integrates leagility and resilience into the existing strategic framework, adding crucial dimensions for sustainable supply chains in infrastructure companies.

Details

Built Environment Project and Asset Management, vol. 14 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-124X

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Book part
Publication date: 3 February 2025

Chandrima Chakraborty and Dipyaman Pal

Abstract

Details

Performance Analysis of the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry: A Global Outlook
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-743-7

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Article
Publication date: 2 February 2021

Astha Sharma, Neeraj Bhanot, Ajay Gupta and Rajeev Trehan

This study aims to utilize DMAIC methodology along with value stream mapping and other Lean Six Sigma tools in a major automobile light manufacturing industry to reduce defect…

3202

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to utilize DMAIC methodology along with value stream mapping and other Lean Six Sigma tools in a major automobile light manufacturing industry to reduce defect rates and increase production capacity in their manufacturing line. The study also proposes a modified framework based on lean principles and FlexSim to identify and reduce waste in the selected industry.

Design/methodology/approach

A Lean Six Sigma modified framework has been deployed with DMAIC to reduce the defect rate and increase the production rate. Various tools like value stream mapping, brainstorming, Pareto charts, 5S, kanban, etc. have been used at different phases of DMAIC targeting wastes and inventory in the production line. Also, a simulation model has been utilized for the automobile light manufacturing industry to improve the machine utilization time with varying batch sizes.

Findings

The results of the study indicated a 53% reduction in defect rates. Thus, there would be an expected improvement in sigma value from 3.78 to 3.89 and a reduction in defects per million opportunities (DPMO) from 11,244 to 8,493. Additionally, simulation model using FlexSim was developed, and the optimum ordering batch size of raw material was obtained. It was also analyzed that idle time for various stations could be reduced by up to 30%.

Practical implications

The utilized framework helps identify defects for managers to increase production efficiency. The workers, operators and supervisors on the production line also need to be trained regularly for identifying the areas of improvement.

Originality/value

The modified Lean Six Sigma framework used in this study includes FlexSim simulation to make the framework robust, which has not been used with LSS tools in the literature studied. Also, the LSS finds very less application in the manufacturing domain, considering which this study tends to add value in existing literature taking a case of an automobile light manufacturing industry.

Details

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. 71 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0401

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Article
Publication date: 9 December 2024

Rajeev Ranjan Kumar and Alok Raj

This study aims to examine how big data adoption (BA) helps to improve innovation capability, supply chain integration, resilience and organizational performance through direct…

149

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine how big data adoption (BA) helps to improve innovation capability, supply chain integration, resilience and organizational performance through direct and mediating mechanisms.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a combination of meta-analytic approaches (meta-structural equation modeling and meta-regression) using 205 effect sizes from 76 prior empirical studies. It leverages the organization information processing theory as a theoretical lens to analyze the proposed relationships. This study estimates heterogeneity in the relationship between BA and innovation capability based on the meta-regression by considering different types of moderators: digital competitiveness score (DCS), national culture, type of economies and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita.

Findings

The findings indicate that BA improves the innovation capability of the organization, supply chain integration and resilience, which consequently drives organizational performance. The results show that the innovation capability mediating effect is higher between BA and supply chain integration than between BA and supply chain resilience link. However, supply chain resilience and integration are equally effective in translating innovation capability influence to organizational performance. The authors find that developing countries reap more benefits from BA in driving innovation, and country culture plays a vital role in driving innovations.

Research limitations/implications

This study offers multiple theoretical implications. First, deriving from organization information processing theory, the authors recognized that BA and innovation capability complement each other, which improves the information processing capacity of the organizations, enabling supply chain integration, resilience and organizational performance (Bahrami et al., 2022; Gupta et al., 2020; Chatterjee et al., 2022). This study is one of few that analyzed how BA and innovation capability work together to drive supply chain integration, resilience and organizational performance, which was not collectively studied in existing studies, meta-analyses or reviews to ascertain the direct and mediating mechanisms (Aryal et al., 2020; Oesterreich et al., 2022; Ansari and Ghasemaghaei, 2023; Bag and Rahman, 2023; Alvarenga et al., 2023). Second, our study offers integrated and more definitive results regarding identified relationships. More precisely, the study provides statistically significant direct effects with the help of meta-analysis and meta-structural equation modeling to remove the ambiguity in the literature. Third, apart from the above definitive relationships, mediation analysis contributes to academia in identifying significant mediating mechanisms related to innovation capability, supply chain integration and resilience. Innovation capability partially and significantly mediates between BA and supply chain integration/resilience. Fourth, meta-regression provides valuable insights related to DCS, national culture and type of economies in the supply chain context. In fact, this study is the first one to examine the effects of DCS and all dimensions of national culture on the BA−INV relationship and overcome certain limitations that exist in the literature (Oesterreich et al., 2022; Ansari and Ghasemaghaei, 2023; Nakandala et al., 2023).

Practical implications

Big data is captured through evolving digital technologies such as intelligent sensors, radio frequency identification tags, global positioning system (GPS) locations and social media, which generate large data sets. Thus, managers must extract value from such a large data set and transition from big data to BA. This transition encompasses retrieving unknown patterns and insights from big data, its interpretations and extracting meaningful actions (Gupta et al., 2020; Hallikas et al., 2021). This study confirms that organizational capabilities in terms of BA and innovation enable supply chain integration and resilience. Managers must concentrate on BA and innovation capability simultaneously rather than making a trade-off between capabilities (Morita and Machuca, 2018) to drive supply chain integration, resilience and performance. For example, Morita and Machuca (2018) study revealed that many companies are doing trade-offs between capabilities and innovation. Hence, the findings clarified confusion among practitioners and confirmed that BA improves innovation capability, consequently enabling higher supply chain integration and resilience. Thus, managers investing in innovation capability will be more confident about integration, resilience and performance outcomes.

Originality/value

This is one of the early studies that examine the underlying mechanisms of innovation capability, supply chain integration and resilience between BA and organizational performance. Moderation analysis with a DCS, national culture, type of economies and GDP per capita explains the heterogeneity between the BA and innovation capability relationship.

Details

Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, vol. 30 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-8546

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